The course of Hawaiian race relations and politics was permanently altered by two highly public criminal cases, one for rape and the other for murder, both involving several defendants. The trials have all the makings of a good mystery—twists and turns, unsolved questions—and they are full of them. Clarence Darrow, America's best defense lawyer, ends his judicial career during the second of the infamous "Massie Affair" hearings. No trials in history have had more of an impact on Hawaii than the ones that startled and shook the nation in 1931 and 1932.

Source Materials:

https://www.famous-trials.com/massie

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/island-murder-five-men-accused-assaulting-thalia-massie/

https://www.encyclopedia.com/law/law-magazines/thomas-massie-trial-1932

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/hawaii-s-scandalous-thalia-massie-trial-a7921741.html

https://www.grunge.com/397874/the-tragic-true-story-of-hawaiis-massie-murder/

https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2343&context=facpub

https://www.sfgate.com/hawaii/article/Joseph-Kahahawai-murder-Thalia-Massie-Hawaii-15934391.php