Africa Update Report with Advocate Sipho Mantula, Researcher: Thabo Mbeki African School of Public & International Affairs: Unisa
9 December 2025
1. DR Kongo- North Kivu- Goma
A bomb explosion killed more than 30 people and wounded 20 others in eastern Congo following a dispute between the Congolese army and a pro-government militia, despite a deal signed in Washington and touted as a major step toward peace in the country.
The explosion came less than a week after a U.S.-brokered peace agreement was finalized in an attempt to stop the ongoing war between the Congolese armed forces and the Rwanda-backed M23 rebel group in the eastern part of Congo. But the fighting continues, according to residents, civil society and analysts.
- Ivory Coast -ABIDJAN
Ivory Coast’s incumbent leader Ouattara is sworn in for a fourth term
Incumbent President Alassane Ouattara was sworn in on Monday for a fourth term after taking over 89% of the vote in an October election marked by low turnout and unrest.
“This vote is a choice for stability, peace, and development,” Ouattara said, after his government excluded main opposition figures from the election. Violence around the vote killed at least 11 people, and over 1,650 people were arrested, according to official figures.
- Sudan – South Kordofan
RSF claims takeover of Heglig oil field in South Kordofan
The paramilitary group claimed on Monday that it had taken control of the strategically important oil field at the border with South Sudan. Heglig is also a key source of revenue for Juba, as it houses its main oil processing facility.
It's yet another consequence of the civil war in Sudan: the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces claimed that it had taken control of the Heglig oil field in South Kordofan province this week.
According to press agency reports, the oil workers and security forces at the oil field fled into neighbouring South Sudan during the attack.
- In our historical archives, it was on this day 9 December 1961 when Tanzania gains independence
On 9 December 1961, Tanganyika became an independent republic and was thereafter known as Tanzania. In 1962, it became a one-party state under Julius Nyerere, following Nyerere's ideologically driven policy of socialism. The effects of this can still be seen in present-day Tanzania; however, efforts have recently been made to stimulate the economy.
9 December has become known as Tanzania Day and is celebrated annually.
4.1 In our historical archives, it was on this day 9 December 1982 when the South African Defence Force (SADF) raid Maseru to kill suspected members of the African National Congress
In the early hours of December 9th, 1982, South African Defence Force commandos crossed the border into Lesotho. Their target was a cluster of houses on the outskirts of Maseru where members of the African National Congress (ANC) were believed to be in hiding. Meeting no opposition from Lesotho's tiny 2 000-man paramilitary force, they blasted their way through numerous homes.
The South African government however, was not yet ready for such an approach, and the "Maseru Massacre" as it came to be called, was one of many brazen cross-border raids conducted by the SADF during the 1980s.