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A low GPA is probably the hardest area to improve.

This makes sense – it was years in the making, and can’t be undone without time. It can take about a year in advanced level science courses to bump a high 2.x GPA over 3.0. The lower your GPA, and the more classes you’ve taken, the longer it will take to reflect improvements in your academic record.

Here is the part almost nobody says out loud, and it is the reason I still write about this every year.

In PAEA's most recent national student report, the class that actually matriculated into PA school had a mean undergraduate GPA of 3.6 and a median of 3.7. Those are the numbers everyone quotes at you. But read one line further down that table: the range ran from 2.2 to 4.0, and the 10th percentile sat at 3.3. (Source: PAEA By the Numbers, Student Report 6, published January 2025, 2022 matriculating class, n = 3,159.)

Somebody with a 2.2 got a seat. That is a fact, and I want you to hold onto it on the bad days.

I also need you to hold onto the other half of it, because I am not going to lie to you: they were the exception, not the plan. Nine out of ten students who got in walked in with a 3.3 or better.

So the honest answer to "can I get into PA school with a low GPA?" is yes — and it is going to cost you more work than it costs the person sitting next to you. Let's talk about exactly what that work is.

Before you do anything it is important that you have this number in hand. You can view your CASPA GPAs once your application has been Verified. You can read about that here on the CASPA website.

And if your application is not verified yet, or you are a year out and just want to know where you stand, do not guess. Your school's GPA and your CASPA GPA are usually not the same number. CASPA recalculates everything: plus and minus grades count, quarter hours get converted to semester hours, and every attempt at a repeated course counts. Retaking a class does not erase the D. It averages with it.

So run your real numbers first. I built a free CASPA GPA Calculator that gives you your science, non-science, BCP and overall GPA the exact way CASPA does it — quarter conversion, repeats, +/- grades and all. No signup, no cost, about ten minutes with your transcript in front of you.

Do that before you read another word of this post. Every single decision below depends on knowing your real number instead of the one in your head.

When I applied to PA school I had a cumulative GPA of 2.9, a result, probably like many of you reading this, of some early misdirection. I got my act together in the second half of my undergraduate career, finishing on the Dean's list with a 3.8 GPA. But my overall GPA did not fully recover and was lower than the 3.0 minimum of the school where I was accepted.

Indeed this is not the norm, but you should not let a lower than average GPA stop you from finding a path to PA school if this is truly your passion.

Fortunately, you are not alone. Every year PA programs from across the country come together to answer questions posed by aspiring Pre-PA students like yourself. Not surprisingly, questions regarding PA school admissions and low (or lower than average) GPA topped the list.

Below are the answers to these questions.

For years this spot held a hand-typed list of “20 programs that accept low GPAs.” It went stale, and worse, some of the numbers in it were flat-out wrong — so I tore it out. What follows is built live from the PA School Finder directory, verified against each program’s own admissions pages, CASPA and the ARC-PA. It rebuilds itself every time this page loads, so it cannot go stale on you again.

How to read it: sort by Min cGPA to find the programs whose floor you clear. Then read straight across to Avg accepted cGPA. The distance between those two columns is the honest measure of your climb — and it is where your patient care hours, your upward trend and your essay have to do the heavy lifting.

**Two honest warnings: First, "no published minimum" does not mean "low bar." A handful of programs publish no GPA floor at all, and several of them are among the most selective in the country — they simply never put a number in writing. Do not read "no minimum" as an invitation. Second, a published minimum is the number that gets your file read. It is not the number that gets you in. Confirm everything with the program directly before you spend an application fee on it.

Want to go deeper? Compare your whole list side by side with the free PA Program Match, browse every program ranked by average accepted GPA, or read the big list of CASPA applicant statistics.

This post collects real questions from Pre-PA applicants answered directly by the admissions directors of ten PA programs. The quotes below are theirs, unedited. The data has been refreshed; their advice has held up remarkably well.

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PA School Applicant Quick Tip:

Most programs publish a minimum around 3.0, and a fair number sit at 2.75-2.8. The classes that actually get in average closer to 3.6-3.7. Know both numbers for every school on your list.
— Stephen Pasquini PA-C

With answers following each question and a reference to the corresponding PA school admissions director who provided the answer.

Q: Do you have any advice for an applicant who has a low GPA to help set them apart and be considered over someone who has a higher GPA?

Q: What do you suggest if my GPA just barely meets the minimum requirement for acceptance?

Q: If I were to retake classes and get better grades but not yet reach a 3.0, would the upward trend in my grades be considered?

Q: I am right at the minimum GPA and healthcare experience I was wondering if it would be more beneficial to do a year master program to increase my GPA or to focus more on HCE?

Q: I know going up against others with a GPA of 4.0 or very close to that. That will make it harder for me to get an interview, right?

Q: If I got a C in an upper-level Organic Chem course would that lessen my chances at getting in?

Q: What is a competitive GPA?

Q: How can one make other parts of their application look competitive if their science GPA is on the lower end? More HCE hours? High GRE score?

Q: I am a recent graduate holding a biological science degree, I am currently volunteering at a lab and working at a dermatology office as a medical assistant. I am working on my extra-curricular activities and building on my resume. Unfortunately, I did not do so well in undergrad. My GPA is very low, so my question to you is, is GPA considered as highly valuable? I plan to go above and beyond with my recommendations, HCE, volunteering and personal statement. If I do very well in all of those, will that still give me a chance?

Q: I graduated a long time ago. I didn't always do so well in my undergraduate GPA, but it's impossible for me to repeat all the prerequisite courses again. How is the GPA requirement for admissions calculated? I have taken classes since undergrad and have done stellar.

Q: If I took the GRE, can it offset a lower GPA? Or does AT still not factor the GRE at all?

Q: My first couple years of college I did very poorly and was eventually dismissed. I did attend another college and ended up graduating with honors(woot-woot!), however, the way CASPA calculates cumulative GPA; despite graduating with a high GPA CASPA reflects it much lower. How much would that affect your review of my application?

Q: Do you consider each GPA individually, the overall GPA, or is the undergrad GPA weighted more heavily in your decision?

Q: I have a low GPA and plan to retake a few science courses that will boost up my prereqs/science GPA. I was hoping to do this online that way I can work/take classes. Would I still be considered seeing that I am not retaking the lab? Also if I don't meet the overall GPA requirement but do meet the science/prereq GPA will my application still be looked at?

Q: My undergrad GPA suffered due to extenuating circumstances that will be discussed in my personal statement. Since graduating, I have worked to improve my overall science GPA. This was why I previously asked if you considered each GPA individually, the overall GPA, or if undergrad GPA weighted more heavily in your decision. When speaking with other programs my undergraduate science GPA is the main GPA discussed. In other words, it appears that my post-baccalaureate and new overall science GPA isn’t considered as heavily as my undergrad GPA. Additionally, during interviews this cycle, it was suggested to take master's level science courses instead of continuing to take undergraduate courses. Therefore, I am aiming to improve my chances and overall competitiveness as an applicant by enrolling in master's level science courses. Thank you for your advice in this decision as to which program is best for me!

Q: Does post-baccalaureate GPA get weighted if it's significantly higher than undergrad GPAs?

Q: I graduated a long time ago. I didn't always do so well in my undergraduate GPA, but it's impossible for me to repeat all the prerequisite courses again. How is the GPA requirement for admissions calculated? I have taken classes since undergrad and have done stellar

Q: If your GPA is not strong but your work experience is, is that taken into consideration?

Q: You said that there is no minimum GPA, but how important is GPA when considering applicants?

Q: If my GPA is not the highest, but I volunteer consistently, go on medical volunteer trips, and have leadership positions in on-campus organizations, as well as over 1,000 hands-on patient care hours, could that be enough to still make me a competitive applicant to your program?

Q: If I am a candidate, who does not have a competitive GPA what other things can I do? I am involved in research with my chemistry professor, I tutor biology, and I have 2500 clinical hours.

Q: If I took a non-pre requisite class my freshman year and got a D the first time, the second time a B, I know CASPA calculates both and averages the two. How do you guys view/value someone's application with a D and not so good grades in the beginning of Undergrad?

Q: I have a 3.7 science GPA, but Caspa calculation overall GPA 3.2. GRE 320 would I be a competitive applicant?

Q: I graduated school with a Biochemistry degree in 2012, but I have not pursued anything related to medicine or science since then other than becoming an EMT-B. Also, my grades were considerably less than stellar for some of the prerequisite classes. However, I have been recently thinking of applying for PA school again. If I decided to enroll in the local community colleges to raise my GPA and reapply, is there a decent chance that I may be accepted?

Q: I am curious about how strict the GPA requirement is? I know the website says 3.0 and I have read above that 3.4 is required to be considered? Will an application be reviewed if GPA is 3.37 but other aspects are very strong?

Q: I have the minimum GPA for admissions but I want to be more competitive. Do you recommend that I take a one year masters program to increase my GPA or possibly focusing on more HCE?

Q: How can one make other parts of their application look competitive if their science GPA is on the lower end? More HCE hours? High GRE score?

Q: I have my bachelor's in Biology from Penn State Berks and all the prerequisites for the PA program. However, My GPA was under 3.0. Is it worth applying, or do you suggest a way increase my GPA in order to apply? I am an OIF combat medic Veteran.

Q: If I received poor university grades in 2008-2011, and then gained work experience as a CNA and now have been back at University since 2014 earning a 3.7 average GPA am I still an eligible candidate if my overall GPA is about a 2.9?

Q: I am a unique candidate with a low undergrad GPA unique degree with significant HCE. I was hoping to get a better understanding of how holistic your application process is. My undergraduate GPA was affected by immaturity, my father having two heart surgeries and missing school. I have been the lead exercise physiologist at Boston Medical Center for 4 years now, with over 4000 HCE hours. I am a medical volunteer at the Boston Athletic Association for the 10k, half, and full marathons for the last 5 years as a medical sweep. I've been a dedicated volunteer at the Salvation Army since November 2016 and I have committed myself through the end of this year before I begin school wherever I get in. I really want to fess up to my poor GPA due to immaturity coupled with significant familial health problems, I show how hard I've worked to overcome those flaws in my academics.  Recently while working 60 hours a week in 2-3 healthcare roles (1 full-time, 2 part-time) I’ve averaged B’s in many courses at BU MET college. My greatest fear is that I submit CASPA and I'm not considered because of my low GPA which was reflective of circumstance w/ immaturity 10 years ago.  I want to show you I'm not a high-risk candidate, but high reward. My current HCE, Leadership, volunteering, and GRE, and strong recommendations are reflective of this. 

Q: You mentioned you look at all admissions criteria holistically say early on in my college career I had no direction and my grades suffered because of that, but for the last several years my grades have been all As do you take that into consideration when looking at my application or just look at my overall GPA?

Q: If there is a chance of not meeting the 3.0 GPA, what do you recommend doing to make up for that?

Q: I will be graduating from undergrad in May with a GPA of a 3.3. I am considering retaking a class over the summer. Would you recommend retaking a prerequisite course, like Biology which I got a B in or OCHEm which I got a C in, or an upper-level course in Physiology which I got a B in but is very important for PA level classes?

Q: I come from a system where GPA was never used, hence a low GPA, but I have a lot of clinical experience as an International Medical Graduate, what are my chances?

Q: Does the admissions committee look at applicants from a holistic perspective or is GPA weighted as the most important factor?

Q: Will my application still be considered with a low GPA? This is the only thing I am lacking on my resume. I plan to excel in my HCE, volunteering, personal statement, and recommendations.

Q: If I obtained a 1-year masters degree while working, would that change how my GPA is evaluated during the program as opposed to someone who just went to school?

Q: I would like to start by explaining my background: I have thousands of hours of phlebotomy experience, I have been a phlebotomist for four years. I have completed over 200 hours of shadowing under an internal medicine PA. My science GPA is a 3.5, however, I have a cumulative GPA of about a 2.8; due to my grades while completing my associate's degree being factored in. During this time I was not very dedicated to academics. Would my GPA derail my acceptance?

Q: My undergraduate GPA through CASPA is a 2.8 cumulative and science. I am currently completing a Master's degree in Basic Medical Sciences where I have completed 20 credits so far with a cumulative and science GPA of a 3.6. Will this be looked at on my CASPA application or are admissions decisions based solely on the cumulative undergraduate GPA's?

Q: Through CASPA my undergraduate GPA is a 2.8 cumulative and science. I am currently working on my Master's in Basic Medical Sciences where I have completed 20 credit hours so far with a cumulative and science GPA of a 3.6. How will my last 40 credit hours be calculated? I want to ensure that my application will meet the 3.0 GPA requirement in order to be reviewed.

Q: My overall GPA is not great, haven’t taken the GRE yet "currently studying", but I served in the Navy as a Corpsman with the Marines for 8 years, so I exceed all requirements for patient care, Letters of Recommendation are excellent, planning on scoring high on the GRE, but I was working 3 jobs while going to school full-time, probably not the best idea, but I got through it. But my fear is that I won’t get the "sympathy" vote. What advice could you give a person who will have everything else but a low GPA 3.0?

Q: If you do not make the minimum grade requirement in a prereq course, is it still worth applying?

We look for an upward trend in grades. We understand that some students have a hard transition to college, or they do not find focus until later. All of your grades will be averaged together, however, we still look for an upward trend. You do want to be somewhat close to the average GPA though. For example, if your total GPA is a 2.8, that is going to be hard to overcome. If it is a 3.0 or higher, with significant other experiences, we can work with that to an extent. - A.T. Still University PA program

One C is not going to be a concern, although a very recent C is not ideal. If all other grades are As that will help. If you have a lot of Cs that is a concern. - A.T. Still University

When these directors answered, a strong GRE was one of the few levers a lower-GPA applicant could pull. That advice has aged. Roughly two thirds of accredited PA programs no longer require the GRE at all, and the number keeps falling every cycle — so for most of your list, a great score is not the counterweight it once was.

Here is how to use that: check each program's current testing policy before you spend a Saturday and $220 on the exam. If the programs you want do still require it, then the original advice absolutely still stands, straight from the director's mouth:

GREs tend to be lightly weighted but in the presence of a low GPA it can be of service: Candidates with a lower GPA can benefit by submitting competitive GRE scores. Certainly, high levels of work and volunteer experience can help as well. - Carroll University PA program

Read more: the current list of PA schools that don’t require the GRE and The GRE and PA School

It's not quantity, it's quality. We value a MEANINGFUL HCE experience and we definitely look at the GREs. Beyond that, we are strongly community-oriented so love to see community involvement. We also give a fair amount of weight to the personal narrative and even more to the letters of reference. Know your recommenders! Make sure they know you well! - Case Western Reserve PA program

Read more: Secrets of Successful PA School Letters of Recommendation

CASPA lets us know your GPA for your masters as well as undergrad and we look at both and would be delighted to take them both into account. - Case Western Reserve.

Postgraduate work is not weighted higher. But we do look at trending, so a stronger post-baccalaureate can make up for a weaker undergrad - Duke University

The 3.0 is required but if you do fall just short, you are welcome to continue moving forward with the process. - Marist College.

We do require a 3.0 cumulative science and cumulative overall GPA for full consideration. You can still apply but I can't make any guarantees that your file would receive full consideration not having satisfied the minimum requirement. - Penn State PA program

We look at the entire application and consider everything, but I will say that GPA is a big part of it and if given the opportunity to improve I would suggest taking some extra science classes to improve it. But yes, work experience is highly valued as well. - A.T. Still University

You can retake a course but CASPA will average the two grades to come up with a number:  If you don't make the required prereq grade, you might consider retaking the course. - Case Western Reserve PA program

When I applied to PA school I received more than a few rejection letters. So I went back to the drawing table and rewrote my personal statement, this was the only thing I changed on my entire PA school application. That single difference got me an interview and with a GPA of 2.9, I stepped ahead of many other 4.0 applicants who were placed on the waitlist. I am not bragging, I am simply trying to point out the importance of not just your personal statement but the entirety of your application + an extremely well-written personal narrative.  It can make all the difference in the world. If I can do it, you certainly can.

When I first published this post I promised you a part two. Here is the better version of that promise — the actual answers, not a "stay tuned."

Are your stats so low that you should wait a cycle? If your cumulative GPA sits below the 3.0 floor most programs publish, another application cycle rarely fixes that. A year of upper-level science coursework does. Apply when your transcript tells the story you want it to tell, not simply when the portal opens.

Should you change your school list? Yes — but not the way most people do it. Sort the live table above by Min cGPA, then read the Avg accepted cGPA column beside it. Apply where you clear the floor and you are within striking distance of the average. Sending twelve applications to programs whose accepted classes average 3.8 is not a strategy. It is an expensive lesson.

Should you retake classes or add a postgraduate program? Retaking works, but remember what every director above told you: CASPA averages both attempts. A D and a B become a C. A brand new upper-level science course with an A in it moves your number and proves your point at the same time.

Your next step, today: calculate your real CASPA GPA, then build a list you can actually get into with the free PA Program Match. And if your personal statement is the piece that has to carry the weight — the way mine did — the Essay and Personal Statement Collaborative is where I will read it with you.

Your GPA is a number on a page. It is not a verdict, and it is not you. I got in with a 2.9. You can do this.

Thanks for reading — I am here for you, also as a friend.

Warmly,

Stephen Pasquini PA-C

How to Get Into PA School With a Low GPA PA school administrators from ten top-ranking PA programs answer your questions on how to get into PA school with a low GPA. A low GPA is probably the hardest area to improve. This makes sense – it was years in the making, and can’t be […]

I have met many a PA or NP who has become entangled in a web of profit-driven, incentivized-by-the-numbers healthcare. They have forgotten why they became a physician associate (PA) to begin with.

We all become PAs with a great desire to help people, but it often doesn't end that way.

The transformation happens sometime around graduation... Once the salary figures start being tossed around.

It's amazing how our priorities can shift so rapidly. We tend to focus on competition, numbers, earnings, and benefits, sometimes neglecting the true worth of our abilities in helping those who rely on us.

We succumb to social pressures, and after a while, when money and profit run dry, we are left unsatisfied.

This level of dissatisfaction is measured by the degree to which you have succumbed to another pressure in life:

This counterforce can be very powerful, and you want to fit into a group. Unconsciously you feel that what makes you different is embarrassing or painful. Your parents often act as a counterforce as well.  They may seek to direct you to a career path that is lucrative and comfortable.

If these counterforces become strong enough, you can lose complete contact with your uniqueness, the reason you went into medicine, and who you really are.

Your inclinations and desires become modeled on those of others.  This can set you off on a very dangerous path, and you end up choosing a career path that does not really suit you, your desire and interest slowly wane and your work suffers for it.

You come to see pleasure and fulfillment as something that comes from outside of work.

Because you are increasingly less engaged in your career, you fail to pay attention to changes going on in the field, and you fall behind the times and pay a price for this.

At moments when you must make important decisions, you flounder or follow what others are doing because you have no sense of your inner radar or direction to guide you. You have broken contact with your destiny, the one you aspired to when you started PA school.

At all costs, you must avoid such a fate!  The process of following your life task all the way to mastery can begin at any point in life.

The hidden force that drove you into a career in medicine, into this career as a physician assistant, is always in you and ready to be engaged.

The first step is inward, search the past for your inner voice, clear away the voices that confuse you such as parents or peers, and look for an underlying pattern, a chord to your character that you must understand as deeply as possible.

The choice of this path or redirection of it is critical. To help in this stage, you will need to enlarge your concept of work itself.

Too often, we make a separation of this in our lives. There is work, and then there is life outside of work, where we find real pleasure and fulfillment. Work is often seen as a means for making money so that we can enjoy that second life that we lead.  Even if we derive some satisfaction from our careers, we still tend to compartmentalize our lives in this way.  This is a depressing attitude because, in the end, we spend a substantial part of our waking life at work.

If we experience this time as something to get through on the way to "real pleasure," then our hours at work represent a tragic waste of the short time we have to live. Instead, aim to see your work as part of something more inspiring as part of your "vocation."  Your work is connected deeply to who you are, not a separate compartment in your life.  If you do this, you will develop a true sense of vocation!

Choose a position that corresponds to your inclinations. Make a living and establish some confidence. Once on this path, you will discover other side paths. Eventually, you will hit upon a field that suits you perfectly.

You will recognize it when you find it because it will spark that childlike sense of wonder and excitement. It will feel right. Once found, everything will fall into place, you will learn more quickly and deeply, and your skill level will reach a point where you will be able to declare your independence from within the group you work for and move out on your own.

In a world in which there is so much we cannot control, this will bring you the ultimate form of power.  You will determine your circumstances, and you will be the PA you wanted to be when you first visualized the stethoscope hanging around your neck.

Whatever you do, don't be a PA sellout.  Be who you know you are called to be deep inside. If we do this, we can transform the PA profession from just a career to the one place in medicine where patients, not profits, come first.

We transform our profession into a vocation the way it should be!