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L Theanine is a substance found in tea leaves. It's similar to a neurotransmitter called glutamate. And it's used as a supplement that can affect brain activity. Some studies have looked at how L Theanine influences attention in people. The studies have used various doses of L Theanine and different methods to test attention. The results are mixed, with some studies showing that L Theanine has an effect on attention, but usually, higher doses are needed. Researchers think that L Theanine may change brain activity related to attention, especially in tasks that involve distinguishing between important and unimportant information. Some studies suggest that L Theanine might make it easier to focus on important things and reduce mind-wandering. Researchers recently published a new study that explored the affects of L Theanine on different kinds of attention: Dose-response effect of L-theanine on psychomotor speed, sustained attention, and inhibitory control: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study Study Design For the study, researchers looked at the effects of L Theanine on three attention tasks: Reaction Time -- This test measures how quickly a person can respond to something they see or hear, like pressing a button when they see a light flash. Rapid Visual Information Processing -- In this test, people need to pay attention and quickly identify specific patterns or numbers that appear on a screen to test their sustained attention or vigilance. Stop-Signal Task -- This task assesses a person's ability to stop themselves from doing something, like stopping a button press, when they suddenly hear a signal telling them to stop. It checks inhibitory control, attention, and reaction speed. Researchers recruited young adult volunteers who were screened to make sure they were healthy. They were given different doses of L Theanine (100, 200, and 400 mg) or a placebo (a substance with no effect) in a double-blind and controlled experiment. The participants performed the three attention tests before and after taking L Theanine or placebo. Study Results When participants took 100 or 200 milligrams of L Theanine, they became faster at the reaction time test. However, the highest dose of 400 milligrams didn't show the same improvement. All doses of L Theanine improved participants' ability to stay focused in the rapid visual information processing test. But there was no significant difference between the doses. Participants who took L Theanine didn't show any significant improvement in the stop-signal task. Overall, the study suggests that L Theanine can help with simple attention tasks and keeping you focused. But it may not enhance performance for tasks that require stopping yourself from doing something. Thrivous Nootropics Thrivous develops advanced nootropics to support healthy brain function and enhance cognitive performance. Clarity Daily Nootropic, Serenity Nightly Nootropic, and Surge Acute Nootropic each provide clinical doses of L Theanine, in combination with other nutrients for different purposes. Clarity and Surge are designed to enhance focus, as well as memory and energy, respectively. Serenity is designed to enhance relaxation and sleep. Thrivous Nootropic Stack includes both Clarity Daily Nootropic and Serenity Nightly Nootropic at a discounted price. All Thrivous supplements are formulated based on the best available science, with each nutrient and its dose backed by multiple placebo-controlled human studies. All are also rigorously tested multiple times to ensure the identity, potency, and safety of each ingredient. Nootropic Stack is now available to purchase in the Thrivous online store.

Joint discomfort occurs because of factors like aging and unhealthy lifestyles. There are ways to enhance joint comfort, like not overworking your joints and staying healthy with exercise and good nutrition. The most common type of joint discomfort is in the knee. And it affects a lot of people worldwide. In an effort to move better, some people get physical therapy. And some people use medicines like painkillers, but these can have side effects. Some scientists have been looking for supplements that can support joint health and enhance comfort without side effects. One thing they're studying is Omega 3 Lysine Complex, which is a strong form of Omega 3 fatty acids derived from fish. Another thing they're looking at is a substance from a plant called Boswellia Serrata. The scientists recently published a study: Efficacy of Boswellia serrata Extract and/or an Omega-3-Based Product for Improving Pain and Function in People Older Than 40 Years with Persistent Knee Pain: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial Study Design The scientists recruited 130 participants between 40 and 75 years old who had ongoing knee discomfort. To qualify, the participants couldn't be using any medicines for joint pain. And they couldn't have any disease states that would affect study results. They also had to be willing to take supplements and not change their diet. The scientists gave different participants one of four different supplements. The first was a combination of Omega 3 Lysine Complex and Boswellia Serrata. Others were just Boswellia, and just Omega 3. And the last was a fake supplement, or placebo. Before participants started taking supplements, the scientists measured things like joint comfort, quality of life, and muscle strength. Then again, after participants had been taking the supplements for 60 days, the scientists measured again and checked for side effects. Study Results 120 participants completed the study. There were 59 men and 61 women, with an average age of 51.2 years. And they were all similar in terms of their starting data like age, weight, and blood pressure. The scientists found that all the groups showed improvement in their quality of life and joint comfort levels at the end of the study compared to the beginning. But the group that took both Omega 3 Lysine Complex and Boswellia Serrata had the most significant improvement. The study also looked at muscle strength and found that the group that took both Omega 3 Lysine Complex and Boswellia Serrata had the most improvement in knee function. They also found that sleep quality improved in the group that took Omega 3 Lysine Complex. Overall, the study suggests that taking Omega 3 Lysine Complex and Boswellia Serrata together may help improve quality of life, enhance joint comfort, increase muscle strength, and improve sleep quality. Thrivous Geroprotector Stack Thrivous develops Geroprotector Stack to enhance whole-body function for better aging. Geroprotector Stack includes Tenacity Arthroprotector to enhance joint and bone function. It includes Omega Cardioprotector to enhance heart function and circulation. And it includes Vitality Geroprotector to enhance cellular and metabolic function. The supplements in Geroprotector Stack provide clinical doses of both Omega 3 Lysine Complex (AvailOm®) and Boswellia Serrata (ApresFlex®), along with complementary nutrients. Consequently, as indicated by this study, these supplements may help improve quality of life, enhance joint comfort, increase muscle strength, and improve sleep quality. Geroprotector Stack is available now for purchase in the Thrivous online store.

In 2030, one out of every five adults in the United States will be 65 or older, which may put a big strain on healthcare and caregivers. Many older people face cognitive problems. And most of them can't live on their own. Researchers are looking for ways to improve cognitive aging. While getting older often means some decline in thinking ability, it doesn't have to be that way. Making certain lifestyle choices can slow down the aging of the brain and the decline in thinking skills. There's a group of natural compounds called polyphenols found in things like fruits, vegetables, and cocoa. Studies suggest that polyphenols can help older adults think better. Blueberries, in particular, have a lot of polyphenols and seem promising. In research on animals, blueberries were found to reverse brain aging, improve memory, and help brain cells grow. In people, those who ate a lot of berries over 15 years had their cognitive decline delayed by up to 2.5 years. One study with a small group of older adults found that drinking blueberry juice improved their thinking skills. But more research is needed. A new study wanted to see if eating wild blueberries for six months could make older people's thinking faster, which is important for other thinking skills. Six-month intervention with wild blueberries improved speed of processing in mild cognitive decline: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial Study Design Researchers conducted the study with 296 adults, aged 65 to 80, in the southeastern United States. They selected 133 of them who met specific criteria, like not eating enough fruits and vegetables, and not having certain health conditions. Most of the participants were Caucasian. And about 44% were male. The study lasted for six months and was divided into three groups: one group consumed a blueberry powder, another group had a placebo powder, and a reference group didn't get any special powder. They matched people in terms of age and gender within three age groups: 65-69, 70-74, and 75-80. All participants visited the lab nine times for various tests, including cognitive assessments, diet tracking, and health questionnaires. The blueberry powder was made from real blueberries and freeze-dried, while the placebo powder had no real blueberry content. The participants were given labeled packets with the powder to consume every day. The compliance (how well participants followed the instructions) was good, with most people taking their powders as directed. However, some people in the blueberry group stopped because they couldn't tolerate the powder. The researchers collected information about the participants' medical history, life stress, and physical activity. They used tests like the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV), and Cambridge Neurological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) to assess cognitive abilities. These tests checked things like memory, reaction time, and attention. They also measured brain activity using a special cap with sensors (electroencephalogram or EEG) while participants looked at pictures on a screen. The goal was to see if blueberry consumption could improve thinking skills and recognition memory over the six-month study period. Finally, the data was analyzed using statistical methods. And the results were based on a significance level of p < 0.05, meaning that any findings reported were unlikely to be due to chance. Study Results The researchers found that people who ate blueberries showed improved speed of mental processing, especially those aged 75 to 80. This suggests that blueberries, which are rich in polyphenols, may help support brain health and improve cognitive aging. However, the blueberry consumption didn't have the same effect on individuals in their 60s who were already experiencing cognitive decline, possibly indicating that starting such interventions earlier in life might be more effective. Lifestyle factors like education, I ...

Caffeine is a substance that many athletes use to boost their performance in sports. Some studies suggest that taking a small amount of caffeine can help. But it's not clear how much is best. Taking too much caffeine can have side effects like a fast heartbeat and trouble sleeping. A new study wanted to find out how different amounts of caffeine affect how high athletes can jump. They tested very low, medium, and high doses of caffeine on athletes' jumping ability. They thought that more caffeine would mean higher jumps. Ergogenic Effects of Very Low to Moderate Doses of Caffeine on Vertical Jump Performance Study Design The study involved 32 male college-level track-and-field athletes. Most of the participants were subelite athletes. The study aimed to find out how caffeine consumption impacted their sports performance. The athletes were asked to abstain from consuming caffeine or alcohol from the day before the experimental trials. The research also gathered data on their caffeine intake, if they were habitual consumers. The criteria excluded athletes with any medical conditions, injuries, or smoking habits. The study followed a double-blind, randomized design. The athletes visited the lab a total of five times: one familiarization session, and four experimental trials. They primarily performed vertical jumps after consuming a placebo or caffeine doses of varying quantities. The trials were performed under controlled conditions. And the participants were also observed for side effects immediately afterward and 24 hours later. The data collected were analyzed using various techniques. The blood samples were tested to assess the plasma caffeine concentration. The performance of the athletes was measured in terms of jump height, peak force, and rate of force development. They also calculated the eccentric utilization ratio for a better understanding of performance in each jumping technique. Study Results Study results showed that low to moderate doses (1mg/kg) of caffeine increased jump performance. But no significant differences were found among the different caffeine doses. This suggests that high doses (3-6 mg/kg) of caffeine do not further improve jump performance. While high doses have been shown to improve performance in various sports, such dosages may exceed the daily recommended intake for many athletes. Lower doses are safer, and may be more favorable for performance. The study concludes that a low dose of caffeine can be used to improve vertical jump performance, providing a safe and more generally applicable performance boost. Thrivous Surge Thrivous develops Surge Acute Nootropic to enhance focus and energy. Each serving provides a clinical dose of caffeine, along with complementary ingredients that mitigate the risk of jitters and distraction. As shown by this study, Surge may enhance jumping ability and improve sport performance, even at low doses. Surge Acute Nootropic is available online now in the Thrivous store.

Exercise is good for our health and can help us live longer and better. However, too much exercise, or a lack of physical activity, can create harmful substances called Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in our bodies. ROS can damage our cells. Exercise can both increase and decrease ROS, depending on its intensity and type. And Vitamin D might help the body's defense against ROS. A new study tried to figure out if Vitamin D supplements can improve the body's ability to fight ROS after intense aerobic exercise. The effect of short-term vitamin D on the antioxidant capacity following exhaustive aerobic exercise Study Design In this study, researchers aimed to determine the effects of Vitamin D supplements on non-athlete men aged 20 to 30 years, following exhaustive aerobic exercise. They received approval from an ethics committee and registered the trial with their local regulatory authority. Written consent was obtained from all participants. Researchers initially invited 48 individuals to participate through social media platforms, ultimately selecting 26 subjects who met specific criteria. Criteria included having Vitamin D deficiency, being disease-free, engaging in regular physical activity, and not using supplements or smoking. Participants were divided randomly into two groups. The experimental group received Vitamin D supplements. And the control group receiving a placebo. Both groups performed exhaustive aerobic exercise on a treadmill, with measurements taken before and after six weeks of intervention. Blood samples were collected to assess enzyme activity related to oxidative stress. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of Vitamin D supplements on these measures. Study Results The study found that after doing intense aerobic exercise, both the group taking Vitamin D supplements and the control group showed an increase in antioxidant capacity, which helps protect the body from harmful substances. Compared to the placebo group, the Vitamin D group had a larger increase in some antioxidant enzymes after six weeks. This suggests that short-term use of Vitamin D supplements can reduce oxidative stress caused by exercise, making it a good option for non-athletes to improve their antioxidant defenses. In simple terms, taking Vitamin D supplements may help protect the body from the negative effects of intense exercise. Thrivous Tenacity Thrivous develops Tenacity Arthroprotector to enhance joint and bone function for better aging. Each serving provides a clinical dose of Vitamin D, along with complementary nutrients. As indicated by this study, Tenacity may protect the body from negative effects of exercise. Thrivous Tenacity is available now in the Thrivous store online.

As we age, our bones can become weaker and more easily breakable, especially in the spine, hip, and wrist. This is particularly true for women as they reach menopause. Their bodies produce less estrogen, which may accelerate bone loss. Blueberries are fruits rich in polyphenols such as anthocyanin, which can help bones. Studies on animals show that blueberries, even in small amounts, can prevent bone loss, improve bone strength, and encourage bone formation. These benefits might be linked to chemicals created when our bodies break down polyphenols in blueberries. Researchers wanted to see if these benefits could apply to people too. After testing blueberry effects on rats, they decided to test lower doses on women to see if it would help them achieve better aging. The results of their study were published recently: Moderate consumption of freeze-dried blueberry powder increased net bone calcium retention compared with no treatment in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized crossover trial Study Design The study consisted of two parts. The first was with rats. The second was with humans. For the first part, researchers used female rats without ovaries. They gave the rats diets with different dosages of blueberry. Then they watched how this affected the calcium in the rats' bones and urine. For the second part, researchers worked with postmenopausal women. They picked 35 women who were healthy. These women ate different dosages of blueberry for several weeks. Researchers checked the women's bones and urine to see how the blueberries were affecting them. Finally, the researchers looked at the data from both the rat and human studies. And they calculated changes in bone health. As part of the calculation, they accounted for factors like bone density, which is how strong bones are. Study Results In the rat study, researchers observed that low and moderate dosages of blueberry increased the amount of calcium retained in bones, making bones healthier. However, the highest dosages of blueberry did not have the same positive effect on bone health. In the human study, researchers found that the low and moderate dosages of blueberry improved bone health by increasing the amount of calcium retained in the bones. Interestingly, the high dosage of blueberry did not have the same positive impact on bone health. Some other markers related to bone health, like RANKL (a bone resorption marker) and P1NP (a bone formation marker) were also affected by the blueberry dosages. The results suggest that consuming low to moderate dosages of blueberry may have a positive effect on bone health, but high doses might not provide additional benefits. The study also hinted at a possible interaction between the gut microbiota and the effects of blueberry on bones, which could explain the different responses to different dosages. The dosages used in the study were 17.5 grams per day (low), 35 grams per day (medium), and 70 grams per day (high). The amount of anthocyanin in blueberries varies. However, these dosages may approximate dosages of anthocyanin at 86 mg per day (low), 172 mg per day (medium), and 344 mg per day (high). Thrivous Vitality Thrivous develops Vitality Geroprotector to enhance metabolic and cellular function for better aging. Each serving of Vitality provides a clinical dose (86 mg) of blueberry anthocyanin, along with complementary nutrients. Thus, as suggested by this study, Vitality may enhance bone function for better aging. Vitality Geroprotector is available online in the Thrivous store.

Scientists use different methods to study how nutrition affects the body during exercise. They look at things like metabolites and proteins. One type of metabolite called oxylipins play an important role in how nutrition and exercise work together. These oxylipins can either help with important processes in the body or cause problems like inflammation and disease. Researchers have found that these oxylipins are connected to how our muscles react to exercise, including inflammation and stress. They did studies where people ate blueberries and saw that it helped reduce inflammation caused by exercise. Blueberries seem to have positive effects on these oxylipins. Recently, researchers wanted to see if blueberries can also help regular people who aren't athletes. They wanted to see if eating blueberries before and after exercise can reduce muscle soreness and damage. So they performed a study and published their results: Blueberry intake elevates post-exercise anti-inflammatory oxylipins: a randomized trial Study Design The researchers gathered a group of 51 participants and asked them to perform exercise that involves movements like going down stairs or running downhill. This kind of exercise can cause a lot of muscle damage, especially in people who don't exercise much. This damage makes the muscles hurt and causes inflammation. The researchers gave participants either blueberries or a fake treatment (placebo) before and after exercise. Participants had similar characteristics like age, weight, and height. The number of men and women in each group was also similar. Study Results The study found that men and women in the groups had similar responses to the exercise and the blueberries. So the researchers combined the results for both men and women. Blueberries did not have a significant impact on exercise performance or the levels of muscle soreness and damage experienced after intense exercise. However, blueberries led to decreased levels of pro-inflammatory oxylipins, while increasing levels of anti-inflammatory oxylipins. The anti-inflammatory oxylipins are known for their role in promoting inflammation resolution and tissue repair. In summary, the study highlights the potential benefits of blueberry consumption in modulating the body's response to exercise-induced stress. Although this doesn't appear to affect exercise performance directly, it may enhance exercise recovery and improve the long term benefits of consistent exercise. Thrivous Vitality Thrivous develops Vitality Geroprotector to enhance cell function and metabolism for better aging. Each serving of Vitality provides a clinical dose of Blueberry extract, as well as complementary nutrients. As suggested by this study, Vitality may enhance exercise recovery. Vitality Geroprotector is available online in the Thrivous store.

In 2016, when Dorothée and I founded Thrivous, our focus was on cognitive enhancement. For years, I had been analyzing the science of nootropics, experimenting, and applying what I had learned. Dorothée noticed my friends regularly asking me about nootropics. And one day, pointing at all my supplement bottles, she commented that we should start a nootropic business. Over the next couple years, we developed and brought to market four excellent nootropic supplements. Clarity was first, designed to enhance memory and focus. It was followed by Serenity and Surge, respectively for sleep and energy. And finally, we launched Alpha, designed to enhance brain and nerve function for healthy aging. Alpha is an excellent nootropic, packed with science-backed nutrients for the brain. But it’s also more than that. It's also a geroprotector, a supplement designed to promote healthy longevity — particularly for brain function. With Alpha on the market, we recognized that it would make sense for Thrivous to offer complementary geroprotectors. So, in 2018, we began development of three additional geroprotectors. Omega is designed to enhance heart function and circulation. Tenacity is designed to enhance joint and bone function. And Vitality is designed to enhance metabolic and cellular function for better aging. By 2019, Thrivous had the full line of geroprotectors on the market. And Dorothée and I began taking them nearly every day — often more than once per day. After all, we designed them as much for ourselves as for anyone else. And, although we couldn’t “feel” it right away, that’s when the magic began. Fast forward to 2023. Dorothée and I have been using Thrivous geroprotectors consistently for four years. I take two servings of each geroprotector with lunch, and sometimes another two servings with dinner. Dorothée does about the same. We also both started intermittent fasting in 2021, so we generally don’t eat breakfast. Measuring Our Biological Age A few months ago, Dorothée and I both used Thrivous Clock to measure our biological age. Biological age is different from chronological age. The latter is just how old you are as measured by the number of times you’ve flown around the sun. Biological age is a measure of how the health of your body compares to that which is typical of other humans of a given age. So, for example, if you’re particularly healthy, your biological age might be lower than your chronological age. And, conversely, if you’re unhealthy, your biological age might be higher. Various factors influence your biological age. Notably, there are several factors over which we have significant control, such as exercise, sleep, and diet. Thrivous Clock requires a simple blood test, which provides biometrics required for a PhenoAge calculation. PhenoAge is the most cost-effective open source science for calculating biological age. It’s based on the research of scientists such as Morgan Levine. One of the useful things about the PhenoAge calculation is that it’s fairly easy to apply retrospectively. In other words, if you’ve collected biometrics from bloodwork over the years, you can go back and see whether you have the inputs needed for PhenoAge. And, if you do, you can calculate changes to your biological age historically. While waiting for our Thrivous Clock results, that’s what Dorothée and I did. We plugged our old biometrics into the free PhenoAge calculator on the Thrivous website. Then we put the results into a spreadsheet and graphed them over time, up to the year 2019. As it turns out, Dorothée had been aging better than I had. In 2019, her biological age was tracking about seven years younger than her chronological age. And my biological age was just about normal for my chronological age. She kind of lovingly bugged me about that. Then I got my Thrivous Clock results. Boom! I was excited to see, after graphing my 2021 and 2023 test results, that my biological age had decreased by seven years since 2019! It confirmed, ...

In the quest for a healthier heart, there's a simple addition to your daily routine that could make a significant difference. Enter garlic supplements, a natural avenue towards boosting cardiovascular well-being that's both grounded in tradition and supported by modern research. In this article, we present a recent study that sheds light on the heart-nourishing benefits of garlic, notably for those who are already healthy: Effect of Black Garlic Consumption on Endothelial Function and Lipid Profile: A Before-and-After Study in Hypercholesterolemic and Non-Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Study Design This study looked at the effects of garlic on people's health. The trial had two groups: one group of people with high cholesterol and another group of healthy people. The study lasted for 12 weeks. The participants went to the lab at the beginning and end of the trial. They had blood tests, blood pressure measurements, and answered questions about their diet and activity levels. The participants took garlic every day during the trial. The researchers analyzed different things in the participants' blood, like cholesterol levels and substances related to how blood vessels work. They also checked safety parameters like blood counts and thyroid hormones. They used a special scale to measure body composition. The data collected from the study were analyzed using statistical methods. Study Results The study found that garlic made good cholesterol (HDL) go up in healthy people. This is great because high levels of HDL are good for our hearts and can help protect us. When the researchers looked at a measure of heart risk, it improved in the healthy group after taking garlic. This means that the healthy group had a lower chance of having heart issues. Both the healthy group and the group with high cholesterol saw improvements in the health of their blood vessels after taking garlic. Healthy blood vessels are important for a strong and healthy heart. Surprisingly, garlic didn't change blood pressure in either group. This is interesting because other studies have suggested that garlic can lower blood pressure. In summary, the study shows that garlic may enhance heart function by improving good cholesterol and the health of blood vessels. Overall, the results are a promising contribution to ongoing research. Thrivous Omega Thrivous develops Omega Cardioprotector to enhance heart function and circulation for better aging. Each serving provides a clinical dose of Garlic extract, as well as complementary nutrients. As suggested by the results of this study, Omega may enhance cholesterol levels for healthy people. Like all Thrivous supplements, Omega passes through rigorous quality control. Our suppliers and third-party labs test each ingredient and their combination multiple times for purity, potency, and safety. Then we publish all test results publicly on the Thrivous website. This is truly exceptional transparency in the supplement industry. Omega Cardioprotector is available online in the Thrivous store. Get yours today.

Have you ever wished for a natural elixir to boost your brainpower and handle life's stressors with ease? Look no further than Rhodiola Rosea, a remarkable herb that has captivated researchers and seekers of mental prowess for centuries. Aptly nicknamed "golden root," this extraordinary plant thrives in the harshest of environments, high up in the chilly altitudes of our planet. Rhodiola Rosea isn't your average herbal remedy. It's a star player in the world of nootropics, the sought-after cognitive enhancers known for sharpening mental acuity and elevating mood. The magic lies in its adaptogenic prowess, a unique ability to fortify your body against stress and fatigue. It's like a shield that rejuvenates your mind and body when you're feeling low, and calms the storm when you're overwhelmed. In this guide, we'll delve deep into the science behind Rhodiola Rosea's power, backed by a treasure trove of human studies -- the gold standard of scientific evidence. We'll also unravel the secrets of salidroside, its active component, which holds the key to its nootropic potency. From battling the blues to boosting your brain's endurance, this botanical marvel has earned its place among the most well-studied and effective natural cognitive enhancers. The Science of Rhodiola Many studies provide evidence that Rhodiola may enhance focus and mood, and provide cognitive health benefits. At least nine of them are human studies: Rhodiola rosea versus [prescription drug] for major depressive disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Scientists performed this study in 2015. They found that Rhodiola "may possess a more favorable risk to benefit ratio for individuals with mild to moderate depression". Participants used 340 mg of 1.95% salidroside extract (~6.6 mg salidroside) daily for 12 weeks. Therapeutic effects and safety of Rhodiola rosea extract WS® 1375 in subjects with life-stress symptoms--results of an open-label study. In 2012, this study found that Rhodiola "is safe and effective in improving life-stress symptoms to a clinically relevant degree". Participants used 400 mg of WS-1375 extract (>4 mg salidroside) daily for 4 weeks. The influence of adaptogens on ultraweak biophoton emission: a pilot-experiment. Scientists performed this study in 2009. They observed "a significant decrease concerning the experienced level of fatigue in the Rhodiola group". Participants used 288 mg of 2.3% salidroside extract (~6.6 mg salidroside) daily for 1 week. Clinical trial of Rhodiola rosea L. extract SHR-5 in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. In 2007, this study found that Rhodiola "shows anti-depressive potency in patients with mild to moderate depression". Participants used 340 to 680 mg of SHR-5 extract (>3.4 to >6.8 mg salidroside) daily for 6 weeks. The higher dose was more effective. Acute Rhodiola rosea intake can improve endurance exercise performance. In 2004, this study found that Rhodiola "can improve endurance exercise capacity in young healthy volunteers". Participants used 200 mg of 1% salidroside extract (~2 mg salidroside) once or daily for 4 weeks. Both time periods were effective. A randomized trial of two different doses of a SHR-5 Rhodiola rosea extract versus placebo and control of capacity for mental work. In 2003, this study found that Rhodiola had "a pronounced antifatigue effect". Participants used 370 to 555 mg of 2.4% salidroside extract (~8.9 to ~13.3 mg salidroside) once. The higher dose was not more effective. A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of the stimulating and adaptogenic effect of Rhodiola rosea SHR-5 extract on the fatigue of students caused by stress during an examination period with a repeated low-dose regimen. In 2000, this study found that Rhodiola improved "physical fitness, mental fatigue and neuro-motoric tests." The study also found that "self-assessment of general well-being was also significantly better". Participants used 100 mg of SHR-5 extract (>1 mg ...