Erinome: Hello dear friends, today we are going to talk about a hot topic: why is it so hard for people, especially PhD graduates, to find jobs in 2025? I'm Erinome.
Enceladus: And I'm Enceladus. Wow, I saw many news about this. Like, some PhDs can't find good jobs. That's sad, right?
Erinome: Yeah, really sad. Let me tell you about Lin Wen. He just got his PhD in Chinese Modern Literature this year. But his job application has been "read" for 4 weeks, no reply. He checked the page 10 times a day!
Enceladus: Oh no! He worked so hard for 5 years, wrote a 200,000-word thesis. Why no job?
Erinome: Well, first, there are too many PhDs now. The news says, in 2003, China had less than 20,000 PhD graduates. But in 2023? Over 100,000! Like a big pool, now it's overflowing.
Enceladus: Oh, so many! Why so many PhDs?
Erinome: Because country needs more high-level talents, and universities want to be "double first-class", so they扩招 (kuozhao, expand enrollment). Some students even go for PhD just to delay finding jobs, like Zhang Qi. She said, "It's a buffer period."
Enceladus: But then, when they graduate, jobs are gone?
Erinome: Exactly! The biggest problem is universities. Most PhDs want to be professors, but now the door is so narrow.
Enceladus: Narrow? How?
Erinome: Two big problems. First, they check your "academic family". Like, if your bachelor degree is not from 985/211, they throw your resume. Even PhD from good school, if your "family" is not good, no chance.
Enceladus: Really? Even "double non" universities (universities not in 985 or 211) do that?
Erinome: Yes! A university got 1,000+ resumes for 8 jobs. They have to pick fast. Second, "non-promotion or leave" system. You get a job, but if you can't publish enough papers in 6 years, you have to leave. No stable job like before.
Enceladus: Oh, that's scary. So universities are not safe. What about companies?
Erinome: Companies have problems too. It's like "mismatch". PhDs learn very specific things, but companies need people to solve current problems.
Enceladus: Mismatch? Like, a PhD studies nano-materials, but company asks, "Can we make it cheap? Can we produce many?" He can't answer.
Erinome: Exactly! And PhDs are used to working alone, but companies need team work, tight deadlines. Also, they expect high salary, but companies care about your real contribution.
Enceladus: So PhDs feel like... they learned "dragon-slaying skills", but no dragons, only cows to plow fields? Like the news said?
Erinome: Haha, yes! Lin Wen joked about that. So many have to "go down"—accept lower jobs. Like Zhang Qi, she went to a vocational college to teach. Lin Wen went to a media company to plan content.
Enceladus: That's a big change. What about other young people, not PhDs?
Erinome: They have hard time too. AI is taking jobs—customer service, translation, basic design. A big company HR said, "Basic jobs cut by 70%."
Enceladus: Oh no! My friend is a translator, now uses AI tools. She's worried.
Erinome: And old industries are shrinking—education, real estate, internet. Many people lose jobs. Then 00s master graduates come in. So many people, so few jobs. Even top PhDs apply for street office jobs!
Enceladus: Street office? That's surprising. But here's a strange thing: people say jobs are hard, but many want to quit. Why?
Erinome: Oh, because work is too tiring! 996 work mode (9am-9pm, 6 days a week), too much pressure. No time for family or rest. Like programmers working all night to finish projects.
Enceladus: I can't imagine! If I worked all night, I'd fall asleep. And some have no promotion chance, feel stuck. So they quit to relax.
Erinome: Yes! They want work-life balance, to enjoy life, not just work. So it's a矛盾 (maodun, contradiction): hard to find job, but want to leave current one.
Enceladus: So what can they do? Any solutions?
Erinome: The news says, "change mind first". Like "go down"—accept different jobs. Learn new skills:文科生 learn data analysis, programmers learn AI tools. Focus on new industries: new energy, AI ethics, elderly care tech.
Enceladus: Oh, like, instead of being scared of AI, learn to use it. A 95后 (post-95s) got a job designing AI运维 plans.
Erinome: Exactly! And be flexible: internships, part-time jobs. Don't just send 100 resumes. Study the company, show how you can help them.
Enceladus: That makes sense. It's tough, but maybe not impossible.
Erinome: Yeah. The job market is hard, but people are adapting. Like Lin Wen, he's learning to make content for大众 (dazhong, general public), not just academic papers.
Enceladus: Wow, good for him. So the key is to stay open, learn new things, and adjust expectations.
Erinome: I think so. It's a hard time, but we can get through it.
Enceladus: Okay, that's it for today. Remember, keep learning, stay positive. Let's talk again next time!
Erinome: Bye, dear friends!