Probate is a court-supervised process used to authenticate a decedent’s will, appoint a personal representative, gather assets, pay debts, and distribute remaining assets to heirs or beneficiaries. The process varies in duration, cost, and complexity.

Key steps include initiating the case, court review and appointment of a representative, gathering assets, providing notice, handling debts, administering and distributing the estate, and tax planning. Some jurisdictions offer simplified or informal probate for smaller or uncontested estates.

Tax and planning considerations include estate taxes, lifetime gifting, irrevocable life insurance trusts, grantor-retained annuity trusts, charitable giving, and integration of tax strategies with probate.

Understanding both probate procedures and estate planning strategies is crucial for effectively managing the complexities of post-death property transfers. Proper planning can minimize administrative burdens, reduce tax liabilities, and ensure the decedent's intentions are fulfilled.