Understanding and Refuting Islam

Lesson 045 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.19 Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster Why did the direction of prayer change? This lesson compares the cited al-Tabari account and Quran 2:144–147, then examines other passages and reports used in the course’s argument about Muhammad’s wishes and revelation. Assess each claim in its textual context. Previous: 044 — Expeditions and Raids (4.18). Next: 046 — 4.20 The Battle of Badr. Follow the numbered lessons in order. REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON 1. The History of al-Tabari, The Foundation of the Community, Volume 7, pages 24–25, translated by M. V. McDonald and annotated by W. Montgomery Watt, State University of New York Press, Albany, 1987 2. Quran, Surah al-Baqarah, 2:144–147 (Hilali–Khan translation) https://quranx.com/2.144 https://quran.com/2/144 3. Quran, Surah al-Ahzab, 33:50–51 (Pickthall translation) https://quranx.com/33.50 https://quran.com/33/50 4. Sahih Muslim, Book 8, Hadith 3454 (USC-MSA English translation) https://sunnah.com/muslim/8 https://sunnah.com/muslim 5. Quran, Surah al-Ahzab, 33:56 (Hilali–Khan translation) https://quranx.com/33.56 https://quran.com/33/56 6. Anis Shorrosh, Islam Revealed: A Christian Arab's View of Islam, Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1988, page 179 7. Sam Shamoun, article on the Answering Islam website (title and address not given in the script) Read the sources and engage people with respect. Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/ AI-generated narration.

Lesson 044 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.18 Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster This lesson examines the early Muslim expeditions and caravan raids discussed by the course and the issue of fighting during the sacred months. It compares the historical account cited from al-Tabari with Quran 2:217 and considers the presentation’s argument about these events. Previous: 043 — Muhammad’s Response to Critics (4.17). Next: 045 — 4.19 The Changing of the Qiblah, the Direction of Prayer. Follow the numbered lessons in order. REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON 1. The History of al-Tabari, Volume 7, page 19, translated by M. V. McDonald, State University of New York Press, Albany, 1987 2. Quran, Surah al-Baqarah, 2:217 (Hilali–Khan translation) https://quranx.com/2.217 https://quran.com/2/217 Read the sources and engage people with respect. Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/ AI-generated narration.

Lesson 043 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.17

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

How do the sources cited by the course describe Muhammad’s responses to doubters and other critics? This lesson compares accounts in Ibn Ishaq, passages in the Quran and a report in al-Bukhari, including the claim involving Ezra. Evaluate the historical and theological arguments against the cited texts.

Previous: 042 — The Najran Delegation (4.16). Next: 044 — 4.18 The Muslim Expeditions and Raids. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 243

2. Quran, Surah at-Tawbah, 9:61 (as quoted in Ibn Ishaq (Guillaume))

https://quranx.com/9.61

3. Quran, Surah al-Anbiya, 21:98 (Sherali translation)

https://quranx.com/21.98

4. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 163

5. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 6, Book 60, Hadith 105 (USC-MSA English translation)

https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-6/Book-60

6. Quran, Surah at-Tawbah, 9:30–31 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/9.30

7. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 269

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/21/98

https://quran.com/9/30

https://quran.com/9/61

https://sunnah.com/bukhari

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 042 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.16

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

This lesson discusses the Najran delegation and the Quranic statements about Jesus and Mary examined in the course. It compares the cited passages on divine sonship, Mary’s family and the identity of Jesus, inviting listeners to assess the presentation’s interpretation against the texts.

Previous: 041 — Muhammad and the Jews (4.15). Next: 043 — 4.17 Muhammad's Response to the Hypocrites and Other Critics. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Quran, Surah al-Anam, 6:100–101 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/6.100

2. Quran, Surah al-Jinn, 72:3 (Yusuf Ali translation)

https://quranx.com/72.3

3. Quran, Surah al-Maidah, 5:70–75 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/5.70

4. Quran, Surah Al Imran, 3:35–39 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/3.35

5. Quran, Surah Maryam, 19:27–28 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/19.27

6. Quran, Surah at-Tahrim, 66:12 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/66.12

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/19/27

https://quran.com/3/35

https://quran.com/5/70

https://quran.com/6/100

https://quran.com/66/12

https://quran.com/72/3

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 041 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.15

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

How does Ibn Ishaq describe Muhammad’s discussions with Jewish communities in Medina about scripture and prophetic claims? This lesson examines the three accounts cited by the presentation and the Quranic passage it quotes. It evaluates historical religious arguments without assigning collective blame to people today.

Previous: 040 — Muhammad Arrives at Medina (4.14). Next: 042 — 4.16 Muhammad and the Najran Delegation, and the Quran on Jesus. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 256

2. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 260

3. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 268

4. Quran, Surah al-Maidah, 5:68 (as quoted in Ibn Ishaq (Guillaume))

https://quranx.com/5.68

5. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 239

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/5/68

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 040 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.14

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

This lesson follows the course’s account of Muhammad’s arrival at Medina, the choice of the mosque site and the first year there. It compares the cited al-Tabari account with the Quranic passages used in the presentation and identifies where the script gives no further bibliographic detail.

Previous: 039 — The Khazraj Believe (4.13). Next: 041 — 4.15 Muhammad and the Jews. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. The History of al-Tabari, Volume 7, page 4, translated by M. V. McDonald

2. Quran, Surah Hud, 11:64 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/11.64

3. Quran, Surah al-Qamar, 54:27–30 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/54.27

4. Quran, Surah ash-Shams, 91:13–14 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/91.13

5. The History of al-Tabari (as the script says; no volume or page given for this saying to Ali)

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/11/64

https://quran.com/54/27

https://quran.com/91/13

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 039 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.13

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

This lesson follows the Khazraj’s acceptance of Muhammad and the pledges at Aqabah, then examines the course’s argument about plotting and deception. It compares the historical traditions and Quranic vocabulary cited in the presentation.

Previous: 038 — The Visit to At-Taif (4.12). Next: 040 — 4.14 Muhammad Arrives at Medina. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 198

2. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 222

3. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, the page before page 222

4. Ibn Kathir (as cited in the script; no work or page given)

5. al-Tabari, History of al-Tabari, Volume 6, pages 140–144 (page 142 quoted)

6. al-Tabari, History of al-Tabari, Volume 6, page 143

7. al-Tabari, History of al-Tabari, Volume 6, page 144

8. Quran, Surah al-Anfal, 8:30 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/8.30

9. Quran, Surah Al Imran, 3:54 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/3.54

10. Al-Mawrid, Arabic dictionary (two entries shown in the book; no edition or page given)

11. Khalid Muhammad Khalid, The Successors of the Messenger, page 70

12. Quran, Surah al-Araf, 7:99 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/7.99

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/3/54

https://quran.com/7/99

https://quran.com/8/30

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 038 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.12

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

This lesson follows the course’s account of Muhammad’s visit to At-Taif and the rejection described there, then draws together the arguments developed so far. It discusses the script’s reference to the jinn in Surah 72 and the passage from Surah al-Qiyamah cited below.

Previous: 037 — The Night Journey (4.11). Next: 039 — 4.13 The Khazraj Believe. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Quran, Surah 72 (the account of the jinn, as the script cites it; no verses given)

2. Quran, Surah al-Qiyamah, 75:1–4 (Yusuf Ali translation)

https://quranx.com/75.1

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/75/1

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 037 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.11

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

How is the Night Journey described in the sources cited by the course? This lesson examines the accounts in Ibn Ishaq and al-Bukhari and discusses the historical and theological questions the presentation raises. Compare the interpretation with the passages below.

Previous: 036 — After Khadijah (4.10). Next: 038 — 4.12 Muhammad's Visit to At-Taif. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, pages 182–183

2. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 4, Book 55, Hadith 585 (USC-MSA English translation)

https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-4/Book-55

3. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, Guillaume's translation, page 183

4. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 9, Book 93, Hadith 608 (USC-MSA English translation)

https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-93

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://sunnah.com/bukhari

AI-generated narration.

Lesson 036 of 145 • Chapter 4 • Section 4.10

Understanding and Refuting Islam | Truth Booster

This lesson examines the accounts of Muhammad’s marriages after Khadijah’s death and the precedents the course argues they established. It discusses the cited hadith reports and Quranic passages on marriage and related legal questions. Historical discussion includes child marriage; no graphic description is intended.

Previous: 035 — Satanic Verses (4.9). Next: 037 — 4.11 The Night Journey. Follow the numbered lessons in order.

REFERENCES USED IN THIS LESSON

1. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 5, Hadith number 234 (narrated by Aisha)

2. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 5, Hadith number 236

3. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 6, Hadith 301 (USC-MSA English translation)

https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-1/Book-6

4. Quran, Surah al-Baqarah, 2:282 (Pickthall translation)

https://quranx.com/2.282

5. Quran, Surah at-Talaq, 65:4 (Sherali translation)

https://quranx.com/65.4

6. Quran, Surah al-Ahzab, 33:49 (Hilali–Khan translation)

https://quranx.com/33.49

Read the sources and engage people with respect.

Free Christian books and further teaching: https://truthbooster.com/

https://quran.com/2/282

https://quran.com/33/49

https://quran.com/65/4

https://sunnah.com/bukhari

AI-generated narration.