Infection control consultant Katherine West breaks down the critical distinctions between infection prevention practices in EMS settings versus medical facilities.

She clarifies how EMS-specific CDC guidelines account for unique factors like ambulance ventilation systems, the rear exhaust fan and closed suction systems that impact airborne and droplet disease transmission risks.

Katherine addresses the evidence behind mask and respirator use, emphasizing that clinical data since 2015 shows no clear advantage of N95 respirators over surgical masks for many respiratory infections in EMS contexts.

She also highlights post-exposure protocols, explaining why EMS personnel do not require immediate baseline blood testing, unlike hospital staff. Practical advice on COVID-19, tuberculosis, measles, Ebola precautions and aerosolized medication administration underscores why EMS must follow tailored guidelines rather than hospital-based protocols.