Welcome to Part 3 of our ESVS Vascular Fundamentals series of podcasts. In the last two podcasts we concentrated on arterial haemodynamics; now it's the turn of the venous system.

In this episode we look at what constitutes venous pressure and flow. How does blood flow in this low pressure system with what are effectively collapsible tubes. We explain what happens to venous pressure on standing and during exercise. What is ambulatory venous pressure? How does the cardiac cycle affect venous pressure? We will also explain how important the calf muscle pump is in reducing venous pressure and returning blood to the heart. What role do venous valves play? All basic principles in understanding venous patho-physiology.

With Justin Woolgar and Joanna Halman.