An introduction to the different types of radiation - alpha, beta and gamma.

Lenard’s experiment, The photon model, Light as photons, Einstein’s explanation of the photoelectric effect, Photon energy, Electron volts, Electron energy

Huygen’s wave theory, Newton’s corpuscular theory, Young’s double slit experiment, Double slit interference, Diffraction, Single slit interference, The electromagnetic nature of light, The electromagnetic spectrum, Light as electromagnetic radiation

Diffraction, Diffraction through gaps, Interference patterns - two sources, Calculating interference patterns, Calculating interference patterns - directly between sources, Calculating interference patterns - in front of one source.

Standing waves in strings, Speed of waves in strings, Standing waves in strings - other harmonics, Beats, Open ended pipes, Open ended pipe harmonics, Closed pipes, Closed pipes harmonics, Harmonics & timbre, Spectral analysis

Sound intensity, Sound level: The decibel scale, Sound level calculations, Some decibel measurements, Change in intensity, Human hearing, The Phon scale

Sound waves, Wave equations, Speed of sound, The Ear, Speed of sound, Sounds are waves, Intensity, Pitch, Timbre

Mains AC, Transmission of electricity, Energy losses, Transformers, Transmission power calculations, Power

Voltage across a moving rod, Induced current - opposes changing flux, Magnetic flux, Lenz’s law, Induced EMF, EMF calculations, EMF vs flux graphs, AC generator (alternator)