Articles used for this episode:

Title: In Vitro Studies on the Oxidative Metabolism of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 in Human, Monkey, Dog, Rat, and Mouse Liver Microsomes, and Human Liver S9Journal: DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITIONYear Published: 2012Title: A 26-week 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 oral toxicity study in Beagle dogsJournal: Regulatory Toxicology and PharmacologyYear Published: 2020Title: Simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and 20(S) protopanaxatriol in beagle dog plasma by ultra high performance liquid mass spectrometry after oral administration of a Panax notoginseng saponin preparationJournal: Journal of Chromatography BYear Published: 2015Title: The biological functions of ginsenoside and its applications in animal husbandryJournal: Front. Vet. Sci.Year Published: 2025Title: Gut Bacterial Community Determines the Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside on Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating the Colonic Mucosal BarrierJournal: MicroorganismsYear Published: 2023

This is a general overview of toxoplasmosis in our feline companions.

Here are the names of the articles, the journals they were published in, and their publication dates:1. Genome-wide association studies with prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs, published in Front. Vet. Sci. on 24 January 2025.2. Association of FGF4L1 Retrogene Insertion with Prolapsed Gland of the Nictitans (Cherry Eye) in Dogs, published in Genes on 1 February 2024.3. Clinical and histologic evaluation of the prolapsed third eyelid gland in dogs, published in J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. on December 15, 1992.4. Breed and conformational predispositions for prolapsed nictitating membrane gland (PNMG) in dogs in the UK: A VetCompass study, published in PLoS ONE on January 26, 2022.5. An Evidence-Based Rapid Review of Surgical Techniques for Correction of Prolapsed Nictitans Glands in Dogs, published in Vet. Sci. on 23 August 2018.

Clinical use of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012–2022)

Questions:

What was the primary objective of the study regarding uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS)? A. To compare the cost-effectiveness of BEMBS versus traditional surgical methods for EHBO. B. To describe the application of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stenting (BEMBS) for treatment of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstructions (EHBOs) and the outcomes for dogs and cats treated with this technique. C. To develop a new surgical technique for placing metallic biliary stents endoscopically. D. To analyze the long-term histological changes in bile ducts after BEMBS placement.

According to the study, which of the following is a key advantage of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS) compared to traditional plastic stents for EHBO? A. They are easier to remove post-placement. B. They are less expensive to manufacture. C. They remain patent for longer periods of time and are less likely to develop biofilm. D. They require less specialized surgical equipment for deployment.

Which of the following was identified as a common challenge or complication associated with traditionalsurgical management of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstructions (EHBOs) in dogs and cats, as discussed in the sources? A. Decreased surgical time compared to stent placement. B. High success rates with minimal long-term complications. C. High mortality rates (7%-64% in dogs and 22%-100% in cats) and complications such as stent occlusion and biofilm formation. D. Inability to confirm bile duct patency during the procedure.

What was the median bile-duct patency duration observed for dogs and cats, respectively, with long-term follow-up available in the study by Bergen, Travis, and Pike (2023)? A. Cats: 70.5 days; Dogs: 190 days. B. Cats: 1.8-5.5 months; Dogs: 3.4-9.4 months. C. Cats: 446 days; Dogs: 650.5 days. D. Cats: 48 hours; Dogs: 62 days.

Answers: 

B, C, C, C