El Fin de la Orden del Temple

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James Maybrick

Mr James Maybrick.jpg

Born October 24, 1838

Liverpool, England

Died May 11, 1889 (aged 50)

Aigburth, England

Occupation Cotton merchant

Known for Jack the Ripper suspect

Spouse(s) Florence Chandler

(m. 1881; his death 1889)

James Maybrick (24 October 1838 – 11 May 1889) was a Liverpool cotton merchant. After his death, his wife, Florence Maybrick, was convicted of murdering him by poisoning in a sensational trial. The "Aigburth Poisoning" case was widely reported in the press on both sides of the Atlantic.

More than a century after his death, Maybrick was accused of being the notorious serial killer Jack the Ripper, through his own words in a diary, but critics countered that the diary and confession are a hoax. Forensic tests were inconclusive. In his book They All Love Jack, writer, researcher, and filmmaker Bruce Robinson produced an argument that it was his brother, Michael Maybrick, who was the true killer. A serial killer, who became known as the Servant Girl Annihilator, preyed upon the city of Austin, Texas during 1884 and 1885, and there have also been attempts to link Maybrick to those murders.

Contents

1 Life

2 Death

3 Family

4 Jack the Ripper diary

4.1 Pocket watch

5 Footnotes

6 Bibliography

Life

Maybrick was born in Liverpool, Merseyside, the son of William Maybrick, an engraver, and his wife, Susanna. He was christened on 12 November 1838, at St Peter's Church in the city. He was named after a brother who had died the year before and was the Maybricks' third of seven sons.

Mrs Florence Maybrick was convicted of James' death

Maybrick's cotton trading business required him to travel regularly to the United States and in 1871 he settled in Norfolk, Virginia, to establish a branch office of his company. While there in 1874 he contracted malaria, which was then treated with a medication containing arsenic; he became addicted to the drug for the rest of his life. In 1880, Maybrick returned to the company's offices in Britain. Sailing from New York on 12 March 1880, he arrived in Liverpool six days later. During the journey he was introduced to Florence (Florie) Elizabeth Chandler, the daughter of a banker from Mobile, Alabama, and their relationship quickly blossomed. Despite the difference in their ages – he was 42 to her 18 – they began to plan their wedding immediately.

The wedding was delayed until 27 July 1881, when it took place at St James' Church, Piccadilly, London. The couple returned to Liverpool to live at Maybrick's home, "Battlecrease House" in Aigburth, a suburb in the south of the city.

They had two children: a son, James Chandler ("Bobo") born in 1882 and a daughter, Gladys Evelyn, born in 1886.

Maybrick continued to divide his time between the American and the British offices of his company and this may have caused difficulties within his marriage. He also resumed his relationships with his many mistresses, while his wife conducted an affair with an Alfred Brierley, a cotton broker. It is possible Florence embarked upon this on learning of her husband's infidelity.

In Maybrick's case a common-law wife, Sarah Ann Robertson, was identified. Sarah Ann is mentioned in her stepfather's will as "Sarah Ann Maybrick, wife of James".

Death

Maybrick's health deteriorated suddenly on 27 April 1889, and he died fifteen days later at his home in Aigburth. The circumstances of his death were deemed suspicious by his brothers and an inquest, held in a local hotel, came to the verdict that arsenic poisoning was the most likely cause, administered by persons unknown.

Suspicion immediately fell on Florence and she was arrested some days later. She stood trial at Liverpool Crown Court and, after lengthy proceedings, the fairness of which was the subject of some debate in later years, she was convicted of murder and sentenced to death. The way in which the judge conducted her trial was questioned and this was probably the reason her sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, some of which she served in a prison in Woking, Surrey, and then at the "House of Detention" at Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.

A re-examination of her case resulted in her release in 1904. She supported herself through various occupations until her death on 23 October 1941. From her initial incarceration until her death, she never saw her children again.

Family

After their mother's conviction and imprisonment, Maybrick's children James and Gladys Evelyn were taken in by a Dr. Charles Chinner Fuller and his wife Gertrude, and the younger James changed his name to Fuller.

James Fuller became a mining engineer in British Columbia. In 1911, at the age of 29, while working at the Le Roi Gold Mine in Canada, he died after drinking cyanide, apparently thinking it was just a glass of water. His sister Gladys went to live in Ryde, Isle of Wight, with her uncle and aunt Michael and Laura (née Withers) Maybrick before marrying Frederick James Corbyn in Hampstead, London, in 1912. She died in South Wales in 1971, where the couple lived in their later years.[1]

James Maybrick’s brother, Michael Maybrick, was a composer who published many pieces and songs under the name Stephen Adams. "Good Company" is one such example, but by far his best known work was the hymn “The Holy City”.

Jack the Ripper diary

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In 1992, a document presented as James Maybrick's diary surfaced, which claimed that he was Jack the Ripper. The diary's author does not mention his own name, but offers enough hints and references consistent with Maybrick's established life and habits that it is obvious readers are expected to believe it is him. The author of the document details alleged actions and crimes over a period of several months, taking credit for slaying the five victims most commonly credited to Jack the Ripper as well as for two other murders which have to date not been historically identified.

The diary was first introduced to the world by Michael Barrett, an unemployed former Liverpool scrap metal dealer, who claimed at the time that it had been given to him by a friend, Tony Devereux, in a pub. When this was queried, the story changed. Barrett's wife Ann, formerly Graham, said that the diary had been in her family for as long as she could remember. She had asked Devereux to give it to her husband because he had literary aspirations and she thought he might write a book about it. She had not wanted to tell him her family owned it because she thought he would ask her father about it and relations between the two men were strained. It was published as The Diary of Jack the Ripper in 1993 to great controversy. Few experts gave it any credence from the outset, and most immediately dismissed it as a hoax, though some were open to the possibility it might be genuine. Debate was often heated, and one writer notes that the "saga of the Maybrick diary is confusing, complicated and inescapably tortuous."[2]

Tests carried out on the ink used in the diary produced contradictory findings. The first test, using thin layer chromatography (TLC) revealed the ink contained no iron, and was based on a synthetic dye called nigrosine,[3] patented and commercially available in 1867, and in general use in writing inks by the 1870s.[4][5] The second TLC test found nothing in the ink inconsistent with the date of 1888, and that the ink contained iron and sodium, but no nigrosine.[6] The third TLC test found nothing inconsistent with the Victorian period.[7] A fourth TLC test was attempted, but could not be carried out.[7]

Several tests were carried out to find out whether the ink contained chloroacetamide, a preservative, in an effort to definitively date the ink. According to one source, chloroacetamide was introduced into the Merck Index in 1857, but not used commercially in ink until 1972.[8] In 1995, Dr Earl Morris of the Dow Chemical Company stated that chloroacetamide has been found in preparations as early as 1857.[9] A fourth test, this time using gas chromatography, found chloroacetamide present, at 6.5 parts per million.[10] A fifth TLC test found traces of chloroacetamide, but this was attributed to contamination from the control.[11] The test was carried out again, and no chloroacetamide was found.[12]

Among the investigators were sceptic Joe Nickell and document expert Kenneth W. Rendell. In Rendell's analysis, he was struck that the handwriting style seemed more 20th century than Victorian. He also noted factual contradictions and handwriting inconsistencies. Written in a genuine Victorian scrapbook, but with 20 pages at the front end torn out, he also found this suspect as there was no logical explanation for the purported author to use such a book.[13]

In January 1995, Michael Barrett swore in two separate affidavits that he was "the author of the Manuscript written by my wife Anne Barrett at my dictation which is known as The Jack the Ripper Diary."[14] Adding to the confusion, however, was Barrett's solicitor's subsequent repudiation of his affidavit, then Barrett's withdrawal of the repudiation.

Some people, including Robert Smith, the present owner of the diary and original publisher of the associated book by Shirley Harrison, insist it may be genuine. They argue that scientific dating methods have established that the book and ink used to write in it are from the 19th century; that the symptoms of arsenic addiction, claimed to be described accurately in the book, are known to very few persons; that some details of the murders provided in it were known only to police and the Ripper himself before the book's publication; and that one of the original crime scene photographs shows the initials "F. M." written on a wall behind the victim's body in what appears to be blood. These, they claim, refer to Florence Maybrick, James's wife, whose possible infidelities were the purported motivation for the murders. These claims are dismissed by the majority of experts.[15]

Pocket watch

In June 1993, a gentleman's pocket watch, made by William Verity of Rothwell (near Leeds) in 1847 or '48, was presented by Albert Johnson of Wallasey. The watch has "J. Maybrick" scratched on the inside cover, along with the words "I am Jack", as well as the initials of the five canonical Ripper victims.[16] The watch was examined in 1993 by Dr Stephen Turgoose of the Corrosion and Protection Centre at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, using an electron microscope. He stated:

"On the basis of the evidence...especially the order in which the markings were made, it is clear that the engravings pre-date the vast majority of superficial surface scratch marks...the wear apparent on the engravings, evidenced by the rounded edges of the markings and 'polishing out' in places, would indicate a substantial age...whilst there is no evidence which would indicate a recent (last few years) origin...it must be emphasised that there are no features observed which conclusively prove the age of the engravings. They could have been produced recently, and deliberately artificially aged by polishing, but this would have been a complex multi-stage process...many of the features are only resolved by the scanning electron microscope, not being readily apparent in optical microscopy, and so, if they were of recent origin, the engraver would have to be aware of the potential evidence available from this technique, indicating a considerable skill and scientific awareness".[17]

In 1994, the watch was taken to the Interface Analysis Centre at Bristol University and studied by Dr Robert Wild using an electron microscope and Auger electron spectroscopy. Dr Wild found that:

"Provided the watch has remained in a normal environment, it would seem likely that the engravings were at least several tens of years age...in my opinion it is unlikely that anyone would have sufficient expertise to implant aged, brass particles into the base of the engravings".[18]

Footnotes

was he Jack The Ripper?. James Maybrick. Retrieved on 2011-08-27.

Jack the Ripper – The Ripper Diary: The Inside Story. Casebook. Retrieved on 2011-08-27.

Baxendale, D. 1992. Report by David Baxendale, Birmingham, Document Evidence

Nickell, J. 1990. Pen, Ink and Evidence, 978-0813117195

Harrison

Eastaugh, N. 1992. A report on the analysis of samples from a diary purporting to be by James Maybrick – Conducted by Dr Nicholas Eastaugh – 2 October 1992. Middlesex

Harrison, p. 341

Harrison, p. 339

Harrison, p. 340

Harrison, p. 342

Leeds University, Department of Colour Chemistry. 1994. "Report for The Word Team on the Analysis of the Ink used to write the “Jack the Ripper” Diaries – 24th November 1994." Leeds, Leeds University

Leeds University, Department of Colour Chemistry. 1994. "Presence of Chlorocetamide in ink used in diary attributed to “Jack the Ripper” – 1st December 1994." Leeds, Leeds University

Kenneth W. Rendell. Forging History: The Detection of Fake Letters and Documents

"Jack the Ripper – Michael Barrett's Confessions". Casebook. 5 January 1995. Retrieved 22 July 2012.

Jack the Ripper – Maybrick Diary Dissertations. Casebook. Retrieved on 2011-08-27.

Harrison, p. 24

Harrison, p. 28

Harrison, p. 29

Bibliography

Harrison, S. 2003. Jack the Ripper: The American Connection, ISBN 978-1-85782-590-9

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Categories: 1838 births1889 deaths1889 crimesMurder in LiverpoolJack the RipperEnglish businesspeoplePeople from LiverpoolLiterary forgeriesHoaxes in the United Kingdom20th-century hoaxesMariticidesPeople murdered in Merseyside

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Este es un pequeño gran disco original de Walt Disney y yo soy la narradora de cuentos de Disneylandia, voy a comenzar a leerles el cuento de Hansel y Gretel.Reedición de 1979 de las grabaciones dirigidas y producidas a finales de los 60 por Edmundo Santos.

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Este es un pequeño gran disco original de Walt Disney y yo soy la narradora de cuentos de Disneylandia, voy a comenzar a leerles el cuento de Hansel y Gretel.Reedición de 1979 de las grabaciones dirigidas y producidas a finales de los 60 por Edmundo Santos.

NOTA: El siguiente contenido no ha sido elaborado por DoblajeDisney y se visualiza directamente desde el sitio externo cuentodisco.com

Allegory of the cave

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Plato's allegory of the cave by Jan Saenredam, according to Cornelis van Haarlem, 1604, Albertina, Vienna

Part of a series on

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Plato from Raphael's The School of Athens (1509–1511)

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The allegory of the cave, or Plato's Cave, was presented by the Greek philosopher Plato in his work Republic (514a–520a) to compare "the effect of education (???????) and the lack of it on our nature". It is written as a dialogue between Plato's brother Glaucon and his mentor Socrates, narrated by the latter. The allegory is presented after the analogy of the sun (508b–509c) and the analogy of the divided line (509d–511e). All three are characterized in relation to dialectic at the end of Books VII and VIII (531d–534e).

Plato has Socrates describe a group of people who have lived chained to the wall of a cave all of their lives, facing a blank wall. The people watch shadows projected on the wall from objects passing in front of a fire behind them, and give names to these shadows. The shadows are the prisoners' reality.

Socrates explains how the philosopher is like a prisoner who is freed from the cave and comes to understand that the shadows on the wall are not reality at all, for he can perceive the true form of reality rather than the manufactured reality that is the shadows seen by the prisoners. The inmates of this place do not even desire to leave their prison, for they know no better life. The prisoners manage to break their bonds one day, and discover that their reality was not what they thought it was. They discovered the sun, which Plato uses as an analogy for the fire that man cannot see behind. Like the fire that cast light on the walls of the cave, the human condition is forever bound to the impressions that are received through the senses. Even if these interpretations (or, in Kantian terminology, intuitions) are an absurd misrepresentation of reality, we cannot somehow break free from the bonds of our human condition—we cannot free ourselves from phenomenal state just as the prisoners could not free themselves from their chains. If, however, we were to miraculously escape our bondage, we would find a world that we could not understand—the sun is incomprehensible for someone who has never seen it. In other words, we would encounter another "realm", a place incomprehensible because, theoretically, it is the source of a higher reality than the one we have always known; it is the realm of pure Form, pure fact.[1]

Socrates remarks that this allegory can be paired with previous writings, namely the analogy of the sun and the analogy of the divided line.

Contents

1 Terminology

2 Summary

2.1 Imprisonment in the cave

2.2 Departure from the cave

2.3 Return to the cave

3 Symbolism

4 Themes in the allegory appearing elsewhere in Plato's work

5 Scholarly discussion

6 Influence

7 See also

8 References

9 Further reading

10 External links

Terminology

The allegory of the cave is also called the analogy of the cave, myth of the cave, metaphor of the cave, parable of the cave, and Plato's Cave.[2]

Summary

Allegory of the cave. Left (From top to bottom): The sun; natural things; reflections of natural things; fire; artificial objects; shadows of artificial objects; Allegory level.

Right (From top to bottom): "Good" idea, Ideas, Mathematical objects, Light, Creatures and Objects, Image, analogy of the sun, and the analogy of the divided line.

Imprisonment in the cave

Plato begins by having Socrates ask Glaucon to imagine a cave where people have been imprisoned from childhood (important to note that they were (based on text) imprisoned from childhood but not from birth). These prisoners are chained so that their legs and necks are fixed, forcing them to gaze at the wall in front of them and not look around at the cave, each other, or themselves (514a–b).[3] Behind the prisoners is a fire, and between the fire and the prisoners is a raised walkway with a low wall, behind which people walk carrying objects or puppets "of men and other living things" (514b).[3] The people walk behind the wall so their bodies do not cast shadows for the prisoners to see, but the objects they carry do ("just as puppet showmen have screens in front of them at which they work their puppets" (514a)[3]). The prisoners cannot see any of what is happening behind them, they are only able to see the shadows cast upon the cave wall in front of them. The sounds of the people talking echo off the walls, and the prisoners believe these sounds come from the shadows (514c).[3]

Socrates suggests that the shadows are reality for the prisoners because they have never seen anything else; they do not realize that what they see are shadows of objects in front of a fire, much less that these objects are inspired by real things outside the cave which they do not see (514b–515a).[3]

The fire, or human made light, and the puppets, used to make shadows, are done by the artists. This can be compared to how illusions are made with light and sound today, with electronics, videos, movies, and 3D visuals. Plato, however, indicates that the fire is also the political doctrine that is taught in a nation state. The artists use light and shadows to teach the dominant doctrines of a time and place.

Also, few humans will ever escape the cave. This is not some easy task, and only a true philosopher, with decades of preparation, would be able to leave the cave, up the steep incline. Most humans will live at the bottom of the cave, and a small few will be the major artists that project the shadows with the use of human-made light.

Departure from the cave

Plato then supposes that one prisoner is freed. This prisoner would look around and see the fire. The light would hurt his eyes and make it difficult for him to see the objects casting the shadows. If he were told that what he is seeing is real instead of the other version of reality he sees on the wall, he would not believe it. In his pain, Plato continues, the freed prisoner would turn away and run back to what he is accustomed to (that is, the shadows of the carried objects). He writes "... it would hurt his eyes, and he would escape by turning away to the things which he was able to look at, and these he would believe to be clearer than what was being shown to him."[3]

Plato continues: "Suppose... that someone should drag him... by force, up the rough ascent, the steep way up, and never stop until he could drag him out into the light of the sun."[3] The prisoner would be angry and in pain, and this would only worsen when the radiant light of the sun overwhelms his eyes and blinds him.[3]

"Slowly, his eyes adjust to the light of the sun. First he can only see shadows. Gradually he can see the reflections of people and things in water and then later see the people and things themselves. Eventually, he is able to look at the stars and moon at night until finally he can look upon the sun itself (516a)."[3] Only after he can look straight at the sun "is he able to reason about it" and what it is (516b).[3] (See also Plato's analogy of the sun, which occurs near the end of The Republic, Book VI.[4][5])

Return to the cave

Plato continues, saying that the freed prisoner would think that the world outside the cave was superior to the world he experienced in the cave and attempt to share this with the prisoners remaining in the cave attempting to bring them onto the journey he had just endured; "he would bless himself for the change, and pity [the other prisoners]" and would want to bring his fellow cave dwellers out of the cave and into the sunlight (516c).[3]

The returning prisoner, whose eyes have become accustomed to the sunlight, would be blind when he re-enters the cave, just as he was when he was first exposed to the sun (516e).[3] The prisoners, according to Plato, would infer from the returning man's blindness that the journey out of the cave had harmed him and that they should not undertake a similar journey. Plato concludes that the prisoners, if they were able, would therefore reach out and kill anyone who attempted to drag them out of the cave (517a).[3]

Symbolism

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The allegory contains many forms of symbolism used to instruct the reader in the nature of perception. The cave represents superficial physical reality. It also represents ignorance, as those in the cave live accepting what they see at face value. Ignorance is further represented by the darkness that engulfs them because they cannot know the true objects that form the shadows, leading them to believe the shadows are the true forms of the objects. The chains that prevent the prisoners from leaving the cave represent that they are trapped in ignorance, as the chains are stopping them from learning the truth. The shadows cast on the walls of the cave represent the superficial truth, which is the illusion that the prisoners see in the cave. The freed prisoner represents those who understand that the physical world is only a shadow of the truth, and the sun that is glaring the eyes of the prisoners represents the higher truth of ideas. The light further represents wisdom, as even the paltry light that makes it into the cave allows the prisoners to know shapes.

Themes in the allegory appearing elsewhere in Plato's work

The allegory is probably related to Plato's theory of Forms, according to which the "Forms" (or "Ideas"), and not the material world known to us through sensation, possess the highest and most fundamental kind of reality. Only knowledge of the Forms constitutes real knowledge or what Socrates considers "the good".[6] Socrates informs Glaucon that the most excellent people must follow the highest of all studies, which is to behold the Good. Those who have ascended to this highest level, however, must not remain there but must return to the cave and dwell with the prisoners, sharing in their labors and honors.

Plato's Phaedo contains similar imagery to that of the allegory of the cave; a philosopher recognizes that before philosophy, his soul was "a veritable prisoner fast bound within his body... and that instead of investigating reality of itself and in itself is compelled to peer through the bars of a prison."[7]

Scholarly discussion

Scholars debate the possible interpretations of the allegory of the cave, either looking at it from an epistemological standpoint—one based on the study of how Plato believes we come to know things—or through a political (politeia) lens.[6] Much of the scholarship on the allegory falls between these two perspectives, with some completely independent of either. The epistemological view and the political view, fathered by Richard Lewis Nettleship and A. S. Ferguson, respectively, tend to be discussed most frequently.[6] Nettleship interprets the allegory of the cave as representative of our innate intellectual incapacity, in order to contrast our lesser understanding with that of the philosopher, as well as an allegory about people who are unable or unwilling to seek truth and wisdom.[8] Ferguson, on the other hand, bases his interpretation of the allegory on the claim that the cave is an allegory of human nature and that it symbolizes the opposition between the philosopher and the corruption of the prevailing political condition.[7][8]

Cleavages have emerged within these respective camps of thought, however. Much of the modern scholarly debate surrounding the allegory has emerged from Martin Heidegger's exploration of the allegory, and philosophy as a whole, through the lens of human freedom in his book The Essence of Human Freedom: An Introduction to Philosophy and The Essence of Truth: On Plato's Cave Allegory and Theaetetus.[9] In response, Hannah Arendt, an advocate of the political interpretation of the allegory, suggests that through the allegory, Plato "wanted to apply his own theory of ideas to politics".[10] Conversely, Heidegger argues that the essence of truth is a way of being and not an object.[11] Arendt criticised Heidegger's interpretation of the allegory, writing that "Heidegger…is off base in using the cave simile to interpret and 'criticize' Plato's theory of ideas".[10]

Various scholars also debate the possibility of a connection between the work in the allegory and the cave and the work done by Plato considering the analogy of the divided line and the analogy of the sun. The divided line is a theory presented to us in Plato's work the Republic. This is displayed through a dialogue given between Socrates and Glaucon. In which they explore the possibility of a visible and intelligible world. with the visible world consisting of items such as shadows and reflections (displayed as AB) then elevating to the physical item itself (displayed as BC) while the intelligible world consists of mathematical reasoning (displayed by CD) and philosophical understanding (displayed by DE).[12] Many seeing this as an explanation to the way in which the prisoner in the allegory of the cave goes through the journey. First in the visible word with shadows such as those on the wall. Socrates suggests that the shadows are reality for the prisoners because they have never seen anything else; they do not realize that what they see are shadows of objects in front of a fire, much less that these objects are inspired by real things outside the cave which they do not see[12] then the realization of the physical with the understanding of concepts such as the tree being separate from its shadow. It enters the intelligible world as the prisoner looks at the sun. Leading to the Analogy of the Sun.[13]

The divided line – (AC) is generally taken as representing the visible world and (CE) as representing the intelligible world[14]

The Analogy of the Sun refers to the moment in book six in which Socrates after being urged by Glaucon to define goodness purposes instead, an analogy through a "child of goodness". Socrates reveals this "child of goodness" to be the sun, proposing that just as the sun illuminates, bestowing the ability to see and be seen by the eye,[15]:169 with its light so the idea of goodness illumines the intelligible with truth. Leading some scholars to believe this forms a connection of the sun and the intelligible world within the realm of the allegory of the cave.

Influence

The themes and imagery of Plato's cave have appeared throughout Western thought and culture. Some examples include:

Thomas Browne in his 1658 discourse Urn Burial stated: "A Dialogue between two Infants in the womb concerning the state of this world, might handsomely illustrate our ignorance of the next, whereof methinks we yet discourse in Platoes denne, and are but Embryon Philosophers".

Evolutionary biologist Jeremy Griffith's book A Species In Denial includes the chapter "Deciphering Plato's Cave Allegory".[16]

The films The Conformist, The Matrix, Dark City, The Truman Show, Us and City of Ember model Plato's allegory of the cave.[17][18]

The 2013 movie After the Dark has a segment where Mr. Zimit likens James' life to the Allegory of the Cave.[19] This segment in the movie is at 1:05:36 – 1:07:00, and there's also a soundtrack named "Plato's Cave" on the OST album.

The Cave by José Saramago culminates in the discovery of Plato's Cave underneath the Center, "an immense complex fusing the functions of an office tower, a shopping mall and a condominium."[20]

Emma Donoghue acknowledges the influence of Plato's allegory of the cave on her novel Room.[21]

Ray Bradbury's novel Fahrenheit 451 explores the themes of reality and perception also explored in Plato's allegory of the cave and Bradbury references Plato's work in the novel.[22][23]

José Carlos Somoza's novel The Athenian Murders is presented as a murder mystery but features many references to Plato's philosophy including the allegory of the cave.[24]

Novelist James Reich argues Nicholas Ray's film Rebel Without a Cause, starring James Dean, Natalie Wood, and Sal Mineo as John "Plato" Crawford is influenced by and enacts aspects of the allegory of the cave.[25]

In an episode of the television show Legion, entitled "Chapter 16", the narrator uses Plato's Cave to explain "the most alarming delusion of all", narcissism.

H. G. Wells' short novel The Country of the Blind has a similar "Return to the Cave" situation when a man accidentally discovers a village of blind people and wherein he tries to explain how he can "see", only to be ridiculed and laughed at.[26][circular reference]

See also

Allegorical interpretations of Plato

Archetype

Analogy of the sun

Analogy of the divided line

Brain in a vat

Flatland

The Form of the Good

Intelligibility (philosophy)

Nous – Noumenon

Phaneron

Plato's Republic in popular culture

References

Ferguson, A. S. "Plato's Simile of Light. (Part II.) The Allegory of the Cave (Continued)". The Classical Quarterly 16, no. 1 (1922): 15–28. JSTOR 636164.

The various English names of this allegory were often traditionally capitalized as if they were the names of a chapter in Plato's text, which is not correct, or according to an older style that capitalized all (famous) allegories and theories and even concepts. Wikipedia's manual of style does not follow this older practice, and neither do many modern publications in reliable sources nor, for example, the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Columbia Encyclopedia.

Plato. Rouse, W.H.D. (ed.). The Republic Book VII. Penguin Group Inc. pp. 365–401.

Jowett, B. (ed.) (1941). Plato's The Republic. New York: The Modern Library. OCLC 964319.

Malcolm, John (1962-01-01). "The Line and the Cave". Phronesis. 7 (1): 38–45. doi:10.1163/156852862x00025. ISSN 0031-8868.

Watt, Stephen (1997), "Introduction: The Theory of Forms (Books 5–7)", Plato: Republic, London: Wordsworth Editions, pp. xiv–xvi, ISBN 978-1-85326-483-2

Elliott, R. K. (1967). "Socrates and Plato's Cave". Kant-Studien. 58 (2): 138. doi:10.1515/kant.1967.58.1-4.137.

Hall, Dale. "INTERPRETING PLATO'S CAVE AS AN ALLEGORY OF THE HUMAN CONDITION." Apeiron: A Journal for Ancient Philosophy and Science 14, no. 2 (1980): 74-86. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40913453.

McNiell, William. "Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews." The Essence of Human Freedom: An Introduction to Philosophy and The Essence of Truth: On Plato's Cave Allegory and Theaetetus // Reviews // Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews // University of Notre Dame. Accessed December 09, 2016. http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/23227/.

Abensour, Miguel. Against the Sovereignty of Philosophy over Politics: Arendt's Reading of Plato's Cave Allegory Social Research; Winter 2007; 74, 4; ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection pg. 955

Powell, Sally. "Discovering the Unhidden: Heidegger's Interpretation of Plato's Allegory of the Cave and Its Implications for Psychotherapy." Existential Analysis 22, no. 1 (January 2011). Accessed December 8, 2016.

Plato, The Republic, Book 6, translated by Benjamin Jowett, online Archived 18 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine

Raven, J. E. “Sun, Divided Line, and Cave.” The Classical Quarterly, vol. 3, no. 1/2, 1953, pp. 22–32. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/637158.

"divided line," The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-521-63722-8, p. 239.

Pojman, Louis & Vaughn, L. (2011). Classics of Philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.

Griffith, Jeremy (2003). A Species in Denial. Sydney: WTM Publishing & Communications. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-74129-000-4.

The Matrix and Philosophy: Welcome to the Desert of the Real by William Irwin. Open Court Publishing, 2002. ISBN 0-8126-9501-1. "Written for those fans of the film who are already philosophers."

"Prisoners of Plato in The Conformist". YouTube. Retrieved 2018-05-31.

After the Dark - Allegory to the Cave / Plato's Cave CLIP, retrieved 2019-10-30

Keates, Jonathan. "Shadows on the Wall". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 November 2002.

"Q & A with Emma Donoghue – Spoiler-friendly Discussion of Room (showing 1–50 of 55)". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2016-01-30.

"Parallels between Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 69 and Plato's 'Allegory of the Cave'".[permanent dead link]

Bradbury, Ray (1953). Fahrenheit 451. The Random House Publishing Group. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-758-77616-7.

Somoza, Jose Carlos (2003). The Athenian Murders. ABACUS. ISBN 978-0349116181.

"Plato's Cave: Rebel Without a Cause and Platonic Allegory – OUTSIDER ACADEMY". Retrieved 2017-06-25.[permanent dead link]

The Country of the Blind

Further reading

The following is a list of supplementary scholarly literature on the Allegory of the cave that includes articles from epistemological, political, alternative, and independent viewpoints on the allegory:

Alan Kim: Shades of Truth: Phenomenological Perspectives on the Allegory of the Cave

Gabriel Zamosc: The Political Significance of Plato's Allegory of the Cave

Dimitra Mitta: Reading Platonic Myths from a Ritualistic Point of View: Gyges' Ring and the Cave Allegory

William McNiell: The Essence of Human Freedom: An Introduction to Philosophy and the Essence of Truth: On Plato's Cave Allegory and Thaetetus

Maureen Eckert: Cinematic Spelunking Inside Plato's Cave

Boaz Tsabar: "Poverty and Resourcefulness": On the Formative Significance of Eros in Educational Practice

J. Malcolm: The Cave Revisited

N. R. Murphy: The 'Simile of Light' in Plato's Republic

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Allegory of the cave

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

The Republic/Book VII

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Allegory of the cave.

Allegory of the cave at PhilPapers

Ted-ed: Plato's Allegory of the Cave

Animated interpretation of Plato's Allegory of the Cave

Plato: The Republic at Project Gutenberg

Plato: The Allegory of the Cave, from The Republic at University of Washington – Faculty

Plato: Book VII of The Republic, Allegory of the Cave at Shippensburg University

2019 translation of the Allegory of the Cave

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Liste des émissions RADIOSCOPIE

de Jacques Chancel

conservées au dépôt légal de la BNF

(Archives sonores)

G.M. Loup ne peut fournir aucun enregistrement d'archive de ces Radioscopies, les demandes à ce sujet seront classées sans suite. (On pourra noter que certaines archives sont conservées par des médiathèques, et que l'INA (Institut National de l'Audiovisuel) en a entrepris la remise en valeur et les rend accessibles sur son site : http://www.ina.fr

Je n'en sais pas plus, il est inutile de m'écrire pour me demander des renseignements sur telle ou telle Radioscopie listée ici - et a fortiori sur celles qui n'y sont pas.

Participant Date(s) Edition

Claude Olivenstein [médecin] 10-04-1973 1985

Van Lysebeth 26-06-1978 1979

Abel Gance ? 1985

Adrienne Cazeilles 28-03-1979 1979

Alain Bombard 05-05-1980 1980

Alain Bombard 07-03-1973 1979

Alain Boucheron 22-02-1980 1980

Alain Danielou 24-01-1980 1980

Alain de Benoist 28-11-1977 1979

Alain de Serigny,

[journaliste, ancien directeur de l'Echo d'Alger] 22-04-1975 1976

Alain Decaux 07-01-1977 1977

Alain Decaux 19-02-1979 1979

Alain Peyrefitte, [homme politique, écrivain] 14-12-1976 1977

Alain Reinberg, [médecin, biologiste] 16-01-1975 1976

Alain Resnais 04-02-1977 1978

Alain Robbe-Grillet 29-01-1979 1979

Albert Cohen 5 jours

(31-03-1980, 01-04-1980,

02-04-1980, 03-04-1980,

04-04-1980) 1980

Albert Cohen 28-02-1978 1979

Albert Demard 15-12-1978 1979

Albert Ferrasse 24-11-1976 1977

Albert Memmi 23-10-1979 1980

Alexandre Ananoff 21-04-1977 1977

Alexandre Minkowski, [Médecin, biologiste] 07-05-1976 1977

Alexandre Sanguinetti 19-12-1973 1981

Alexis Arette-Lambresse, [paysan, poete] 09-01-1976 1976

Alexis R. P Kniazeff 24-06-1976 1977

Alexis Weissenberg 27-02-1979 1979

Alfred Grosser 07-12-1977 1979

Alfred Kern, [écrivain] 01-05-1979 1979

Alfred Sauvy, [économiste] 08-04-1975 1976

Alfred Tomatis, [Oto-rhinolaryngologiste] 15-09-1975 1976

Alice Saunier-Seite 27-05-1977 1977

Alphonse Boudard 13-10-1977 1978

Amadou Ahidjo 02-02-1976 1978

André Boue 27-10-1976 1977

André Brincourt 18-09-1979 1980

André Brougiroux 16-06-1976 1977

André Castelot 24-11-1977 1979

André Chastel 20-06-1979 1979

André Delvaux 11-01-1979 1979

André Essel 25-03-1980 1980

André Flament 02-03-1977 1977

André Fontaine 03-04-1979 1979

André Fontaine 24-01-1977 1977

André Fourcade 01-06-1976 1977

André Frossard 10-04-1978 1979

André Frossard, [journaliste] 16-10-1975 1976

André Giraud 18-04-1980 1980

André Glucksmann 17-10-1979 1980

André Hambourg 07-12-1979 1980

André Jarrot 23-12-1975 1977

André Jouve 18-10-1976 1977

André Malraux 07-03-1974 1981

Andre Stil 03-05-1977 1977

Andre Stil 08-03-1979 1979

André Trannoy 28-02-1977 1977

Andréas Voutsinas 24-10-1977 1978

Anette Poivre, Raymond Bussière 25-03-1977 1977

Angèle Vannier, [poète aveugle] 28-04-1975 1976

Anne Bragance 20-09-1979 1980

Anne Hebert 08-02-1977 1977

Anne Philippe 25-10-1977 1978

Anne Sylvestre 01-11-1978 1979

Antoine 22-01-1979 1979

Antoine Maillet 13-02-1976 1977

Antoine Vitez 17-01-1980 1980

Aristide Caillaud, [peintre] 02-07-1976 1977

Arletty 28-09-1972 1981

Arnaud Desjardins 11-10-1977 1978

Arthur Conte 01-01-1976 1977

Arthur Conte 01-01-1979 1979

Arthur Rubinstein 12-04-1973 1981

Aurélia Briac 15-09-1978 1979

Aurélio Peccei [membre du club de Rome] 21-03-1975 1976

Béatrice Beck 02-02-1979 1979

Ben Yamed 03-03-1980 1980

Bernard Chevry 21-01-1977 1977

Bernard Clavel 08-05-1980 1980

Bernard Dimey 08-12-1978 1979

Bernard Haller 13-09-1977 1978

Bernard-Henri Levy, [écrivain] 03-05-1979 1979

Bernard-Henry Levy 06-07-1977 1978

Bernard Kouchner 01-10-1979 1980

Bernard Lefort 18-09-1980 1981

Bernardo Bertolucci 17-09-1979 1980

Bertrand de Jouvenel 09-09-1976 1977

Bertrand Tavernier 16-05-1980 1980

Brigitte Bardot, [actrice de cinéma] 09-06-1976 1977

Brigitte Friang 08-12-1976 1977

Bruno Coquatrix 05-09-1969 1979

Bruno Hunar 25-01-1978 1979

C Maistre de chambon 03-01-1977 1977

C.A. Rzewuski, [dominicain] 19-04-1976 1977

Cabu 25-01-1980 1980

Caleb Gattegno 10-11-1978 1979

Camille Craplet 29-01-1980 1980

Carlos Dies 09-11-1978 1979

Carlos Fuentes 12-09-1979 1980

Catherine Delorme 03/01/1980 1980

Catherine Ribeiro 12-11-1980 1981

César, [sculpteur] 13-12-1976 1977

Chantal, [assistante sociale] 06-05-1981 1981

Charles-André Julien 26-09-1978 1979

Charles André Julien, [historien] 13-06-1975 1976

Charles Aznavour 22-05-1980 1980

Charles Cachin 24-01-1979 1979

Charles Chenevier,

[commissaire de police, ancien dir. des aff. criminelles à la Sûreté nationale] 15-12-1976 1977

Charles Exbrayat 23-03-1979 1979

Charles Libman, [avocat] 5-02-1975 1976

Charles Samaran 23-10-1981 1982

Chow Ching Lie [pianiste, Chinoise vivant en France],

et Georges Walter, [journaliste, écrivain] 21-05-1975 1976

Christian Chabanis 12-03-1980 1980

Christian Charriere 20-03-1980 1980

Christian de Bartillat, [éditeur, écrivain] 10-11-1976 1977

Christian Guillet 04-10-1976 1977

Christian Millau, Henri Gault 20-05-1980 1980

Christiane Rimbaud 21-04-1980 1980

Christiane Rochefort 15-03-1976 1977

Christiane Rochefort 15-03-1976 1978

Claire Gallois 04-12-1978 1979

Clara Malraux 20-01-1977 1977

Claude Bolling 23-04-1980 1981

Claude Charmes [ancien condamné, professeur de droit] 09-01-1975 1976

Claude du Granrut 12-10-1976 1977

Claude Duneton 20-12-1978 1979

Claude et François Morenas,

[responsables d'auberge de jeunesse] 26-11-1975 1976

Claude François 10-07-1973 1979

Claude Girardet 03-06-1980 1980

Claude Marti, [instituteur, chanteur occitan] 08-12-1975 1976

Claude Perdriel 29-03-1979 1979

Claude Roy, [écrivain] 28-05-1976 1977

Claude Villain 10-01-1979 1979

Claudette et Patrick Lemarie 01-01-1980 1980

Clement Lepidis 20-06-1980 1980

Cónrad Detrez 12-01-1979 1979

Curd Jurgens 27-09-1978 1979

Da Siveira Azerredo 06-11-1978 1979

Dalida 31-12-1979 1980

Daniel Emilfork 06-05-1980 1980

Daniel Guichard 19-04-1977 1977

Danilo Kis 13-05-1980 1980

Denis 20-01-1976 1977

Denis Leroy,

[médecin, pdt de la Fédération internationale de thalassothérapie] 03-05-1976 1977

Denis Rougemont 22-09-1977 1978

Denise Legrix 04-09-1980 1981

Didier Decoin, [écrivain] 05-01-1976 1976

Dimitri Panine,

[ingénieur soviétique réfugié] 19-02-1975 1976

Dom Grammont 01-01-1981 1981

Dom N. Calmels 12-02-1982 1982

Dominique Desanti 22-06-1976 1977

Dominique Lapierre, [journaliste] 02-07-1975 1976

don Helder Camara,

[archevêque d'Olinda et Recife (Brésil)] 24-12-1976 1977

Edith Cresson,

[secrétaire national du parti socialiste] 15-10-1976 1977

Edmond Kaiser 28-10-1980 1981

Edmond Maire 30-04-1980 1980

Edmonde Charles-Roux 26-11-1979 1980

Edouard Behr 02-01-1979 1979

Elie Wiesel 16-06-1980 1980

Elisabeth Teissier 13-07-1976 1977

Elise Barou 26-12-1978 1979

Elula Perin 07-10-1977 1978

Emeric Simon-Lirière 11-05-1976 1977

Emilie Carles 20-03-1978 1979

Emmanuel Maffre-Bauge 17-03-1977 1977

Emmanuel Roblès 26-01-1978 1979

Emmanuel Todd,

[historien, sociologue] 12-11-1976 1977

Enrico Macias 07-05-1980 1980

Eric Tabarly 04-01-1973 1981

Etienne Fajon 12-04-1976 1977

Etienne Vatelot, [luthier] 28-10-1975 1976

Etienne Wolff, [biologiste] 14-03-1975 1976

Eugène Canseliet 23-06-1978 1979

Eugène Ionesco 06-07-1973 1981

Eugène Riguidel 14-03-1980 1980

Evelyne Demey 17-04-1980 1980

Félix Lévitan,

[directeur du Tour de France] 12-07-1976 1977

Felix Trombe 13-09-1976 1977

Fernand Deligny 17-12-1980 1981

Fernand Gigon, [journaliste, suisse] 25-02-75 1976

Fernand Juin 05-10-1978 1979

Fernandel 19-03-1969 1981

Florence Delay 16-11-1978 1979

Francesco Rosi, [réalisateur de cinéma] 18-05-1976 1977

Francis Huster, [acteur] 31-05-1979 1979

Francis Lopez 25-02-1980 1980

François Beranger 22-06-1977 1977

François Billetdoux 26-12-1972 1979

François Cavanna 27-12-1979 1980

François Cavanna [journaliste] 30-04-1975 1976

François Chalais 17-05-1979 1979

François Chatelet 07-04-1978 1981

François Dalle 22-12-1980 1981

François de Closets 23-06-1980 1980

François George 29-10-1979 1980

François Jauffret 23-05-1977 1977

François Missofre 25-04-1977 1977

François Nourissier 04-05-1977 1977

François Pages 16-05-1977 1977

François Ponchaud 16-06-1977 1977

François Remy 20-12-1977 1978

François Sonkin 31-01-1979 1979

François Suliny,

[chauffeur de taxi] 14-11-1975 1976

François Truffaut, [cinéaste] 15-04-1975 1976

Françoise d'EAUBONNE 10-05-1977 1977

Françoise Giroud 15-09-1977 1978

Françoise Mallet-Joris 30-01-1980 1980

Françoise Prévost, [comédienne] 17-04-1975 1976

Françoise Sagan 17-06-1977 1978

Françoise Xenakis 23-01-1979 1979

Frédéric Dard 09-11-1976 1977

Frédéric Deloffre 01-02-1978 1979

Frédéric Mey, [chanteur] 09-04-1979 1979

Frédéric Pottecher 14-10-1977 1978

Frédéric Rossif 26-02-1976 1978

G. Guilleminault 20-05-1976 1977

G. Matzneff 21-12-1981 1982

Gabriel Domenech 04-11-1976 1977

Gabriel Peronnet 13-11-1975 1977

Gabrielle Dorziat 06-09-1976 1977

Gabrielle Hamelin 21-05-1980 1980

Gaston Bonheur, [écrivain] 18-06-1976 1977

Gaston Ferdière 15-11-1978 1979

Gaston Monnerville,

[ancien pdt du Sénat, membre du Conseil constitutionnel] 26-05-1975 1976

Geneviève Duboscq 13-11-1978 1979

Geneviève Gennari 28-05-1979 1979

Geoges Geret 20-10-1976 1977

Georges Auric 21-09-1978 1979

Georges Brassens 30-11-1971 1981

Georges Charensol 02-10-1978 1979

Georges Delbard [horticulteur] 22-09-1975 1976

Georges Duby 20-09-1978 1979

Georges Duby du 08-06-1981 au 12-06-1981 1981

Georges Halpern 08-06-1976 1977

Georges [i.e. Jorge] Semprun

[écrivain] 16-11-1976 1977

Georges Le Rider 03-01-1979 1979

Georges Magnant, [membre du Rotary] 04-06-1975 1976

Georges Marchais 08-02-1978 1979

Georges Mathe 31-10-1979 1980

Georges Montaron, [journaliste] 15-12-1975 1976

Georges Pérec 22-09-1978 1979

Georges Soria 11-11-1975 1977

Georges Suffert 13-03-1979 1979

Georges Thill,

[chanteur d'opéra, ténor] 29-04-1975 1976

Georges Wilson 31-12-1975 1977

Gérard Dame, [Chauffeur de taxi] 17-01-1975 1976

Gérard Debrun 19-05-1976 1977

Gérard Ducray 19-01-1976 1977

Gérard et Geneviève Proisy,

[parents d'un enfant décédé] 04-03-1975 1976

Germaine Lubin, [cantatrice] 27-02-1975 1976

Gilbert Cesbron 27-06-1972 1981

Gilbert Siboun 26-01-1979 1979

Gilbert Tordjman, [médecin sexologue] 12-12-1975 1976

Gilberte Brossolette,

[résistante, journaliste] 14-04-1976 1977

Gilles Perrault 21-03-1979 1979

Gilles Vigneault 10-09-1980 1981

Giovanni Trovato,

[ancien Père blanc, industriel] 17-09-1975 1976

Gitta Malasz 10-03-1977 1977

Glenmor 19-03-1979 1979

Gordon Carter,

[directeur de l' U.N.I.C.E.F.] 23-12-1976 1977

Guislain Laffont,

[moine bénédictin] 07-10-1975 1976

Gustave Thibon 09-04-1974 1981

Guy Bedos, [comédien] 25-04-1975 1976

Guy Denis 07-07-1976 1977

Guy Descars 27-10-78 1979

Guy Groussy 19-12-1975 1977

Guy Riobé, [évêque d'Orléans] 02-01-1975 1976

Haavard Rostrup 22-02-1977 1977

Habib Bourguiba 13-12-1974 1981

Han Suyin 06-11-1979 1980

Han Suyin, [écrivain] 24-11-1975 1976

Haroun Tazieff 03-11-1978 1979

Haroun Tazieff, [vulcanologue] 30-05-1975 1976

Hassan II (Roi du Maroc) 19-11-1976 1977

Hélène Bleskine 23-11-1978 1979

Hélène Brabant 06-12-1978 1979

Hélène Carrere d'Encausse 09-03-1979 1979

Helene Missofre 17-05-1977 1977

Henri Algan, [antiquaire, artisan] 30-09-1976 1977

Henri Amouroux 07-12-1978 1979

Henri Anger 09-10-1979 1980

Henri Baruk 13-04-1976 1977

Henri Blanchard 28-12-1976 1977

Henri Caillavet, [homme politique] 15-04-1976 1977

Henri Comte de Paris 23-04-1979 1979

Henri Coulonges 22-01-1980 1980

Henri de Breteuil 21-01-1976 1977

Henri de Lumeley

[historien de la préhistoire] 10-09-1976 1977

Henri de Montherlant 10-03-1970 1981

Henri Evans 10-03-1980 1980

Henri Fiszbin 07-06-1977 1977

Henri Guerin 02-11-1976 1977

Henri Guichard 11-03-1976 1977

Henri Kreis 17-06-1976 1977

Henri Laborit 05-02-1980 1980

Henri Lefebvre 02-10-1975 1977

Henri Mercher 12-09-1975 1976

Henri Pequignot 19-10-1978 1979

Henri Pradal 07-01-1980 1980

Henri Queffelec, [écrivain] 09-05-1979 1979

Henri Troyat 15-04-1980 1980

Henri Troyat 22-10-1976 1977

Henri Verneuil 19-12-1979 1980

Henri Vincenot, [écrivain] 16-04-1975 1976

Henri Virlojeux, [acteur] 29-04-1976 1977

Henriette Jelinek 18-11-1975 1977

Henriette Pialot, [puéricultrice] 10-05-1976 1977

Henry Bonnier, [écrivain] 08-10-1976 1977

Herbert Von Karajan 07-02-1977 1977

Herge 09-01-1979 1979

Hervé Bazin 30-10-1978 1979

Honoré Gevaudan 28-01-1980 1980

Hubert Bassot 29-11-1978 1979

Hubert Bonaldi 26-10-1977 1978

Hubert Monteilhet 31-05-1977 1977

Hubert Nyssen 14-01-1980 1980

Hubert Reeves 18-01-1982 1982

Huguette Hirsig 30-09-1981 1981

Irène Aïtoff 01-12-1978 1979

J.-Baptiste Daelman 21-03-1978 1979

J. Delubac 29-12-1976 1977

J-L Guillaud, M. Ulrich, C. Contamine 20-04-1979 1979

J-Marie Benoit 17-02-1978 1979

Jack Lang 02-03-1976 1977

Jacqueline André 11-05-1981 1981

Jacqueline Baudrier 06-01-1976 1977

Jacqueline Cartier 21-12-1978 1979

Jacqueline Gauthier 11-10-1976 1977

Jacques Anquetil 16-04-1976 1977

Jacques Anquetil 18-11-1980 1981

Jacques Attali 30-01-1978 1979

Jacques Attali, [économiste] 20-05-1975 1976

Jacques Barrot 21-11-1975 1977

Jacques Bertin, [chanteur] 12-06-1975 1976

Jacques Brel 21-05-1973 1981

Jacques Chaban Delmas, [homme politique] 21-10-1975 1976

Jacques Charon, [comédien] 14-01-1975 1976

Jacques Charpentier 06-02-1976 1977

Jacques Chazot,

[danseur, chorégraphie] 11-06-1975 1976

Jacques Courtois 10-01-1980 1980

Jacques Damase 23-01-1980 1980

Jacques Delors,

[économiste, homme politique] 25-03-1975 1976

Jacques Desazars 14-09-1977 1978

Jacques Douai 04-03-1980 1980

Jacques Dournes 11-12-1978 1979

Jacques Duquesne 02-11-1979 1980

Jacques Ellul 10-10-1980 1981

Jacques Fournier 19-04-1979 1979

Jacques Isorni, [avocat] 03-03-1975 1976

Jacques Lacarrière 11-06-1976 1977

Jacques Lallement 20-11-1979 1980

Jacques Lanzmann 31-10-1978 1979

Jacques Larche 07-03-1977 1977

Jacques Lebreton 05-10-1973 1981

Jacques Marchandise 18-03-1977 1977

Jacques Martin, [comédien] 03-07-1975 1976

Jacques Monetier 18-09-1975 1977

Jacques Moron, [médecin, obèse] 13-03-1975 1976

Jacques Pelletier 16-12-1975 1977

Jacques Perry,

[écrivain, lauréat du "Livre-Inter"] 28-06-1976 1977

Jacques Polieri 31-03-1976 1977

Jacques Reynier, [chirurgien] 04-11-1975 1976

Jacques Rigaud 21-10-1976 1977

Jacques Ruffie 01-03-1977 1977

Jacques Seguela 19-11-1979 1980

Jacques Tati 23-12-1974 1981

JacquesChancel 31-12-1981 1985

Jane Evrad 23-03-1977 1977

Jean Anglade, [écrivain] 30-06-1976 1976

Jean Autin 22-11-1978 1979

Jean-Baptiste Fauret 20-03-1977 1977

Jean Bernard 24-04-1978 1979

Jean Boizeau 19-10-1979 1980

Jean Brisse Saint Macary 12-09-1974 1980

Jean Capin 08-02-1980 1980

Jean Cardonnel, [dominicain] 24-02-1975 1976

Jean Carmet, [acteur] 02-04-1976 1977

Jean Cau 25-10-1978 1979

Jean Cau, [écrivain] 17-09-1976 1977

Jean-Charles Edeline 29-04-1977 1977

Jean Chaslon 12-03-1976 1977

Jean-Claude Brialy 04-04-1979 1979

Jean-Claude Casadesus 24-03-1976 1977

Jean-Claude Guillebaud 04-01-1980 1980

Jean-Claude Malgaire 15-03-1978 1979

Jean-Claude Simoën 11-05-1979 1979

Jean Cluzel 27-04-1976 1977

Jean Cohen 06-07-1976 1977

Jean Daniel 30-05-1979 1979

Jean de Mezels, [émailleur] 26-10-1976 1977

Jean-Denis Bredin 09-05-1980 1980

Jean des Cars 21-12-1976 1977

Jean Diwo 14-06-1976 1977

Jean Dorst 22-12-1976 1977

Jean Ellenstein 28-04-1980 1980

Jean-Emile Charon 14-12-1977 1979

Jean Ferré,

[expert en arts plastiques] 24-01-1975 1976

Jean-François Lemoine, [directeur du journal Sud-ouest] 22-11-1976 1977

Jean-François Revel, [philosophe, journaliste] 26-01-1976 1977

Jean-François Revel 31-10-1977 1978

Jean-François Revel 12-11-1979 1980

Jean Freustie 03-12-1979 1980

Jean-Gabriel Albicocco 08-11-1978 1979

Jean Guehenno 08-12-1971 1981

Jean Guiart 03-03-1977 1977

Jean Guillou 11-10-1978 1979

Jean Hamburger 02-05-1979 1979

Jean Haritschelhar 25-04-1980 1980

Jean Herbert 17-11-1976 1977

Jean-Jacques Pauvert, [éditeur] 08-05-1979 1979

Jean Lacouture 08-04-1980 1980

Jean Lecanuet 26-12-1977 1979

Jean-Louis Barrault 28-04-1972 1981

Jean-Louis Bory,

[écrivain, critique de cinéma] 06-05-1976 1977

Jean-Louis Boursin 04-05-1979 1979

Jean-Louis Lechene 03-03-1976 1977

Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber 04-02-1980 1980

Jean-Loup Dabadie et Jean Gachassin 08-06-1979 1979

Jean Marais, [acteur] 12-03-1975 1976

Jean-Marc Soubiran 23-11-1979 1980

Jean-Marie 24-04-1980 1980

Jean-Marie Carzou, [arménien] 24-04-1975 1976

Jean-Marie Pelt 10-04-1980 1980

Jean-Mario Cipriani,

[délégué général des Petits Frères des Pauvres] 11-09-1975 1976

Jean Mercure 14-11-1978 1979

Jean-Michel Aguirre 25-05-1979 1979

Jean-Michel Jarre 16-03-1979 1979

Jean-Michel Ribes 14-10-1976 1977

Jean-Michel Royer 20-12-1979 1980

Jean Mistler 29-11-1979 1980

Jean Nohain 10-11-1977 1981

Jean-Paul Escande 27-06-1979 1979

Jean-Paul Escande,

[médecin dermatologue] 01-10-1975 1976

Jean-Paul Ollivier,

[journaliste, rédacteur en chef de Télé-7 jours] 01-12-1976 1977

Jean Perie 27-01-1976 1977

Jean-Philippe Collard 02-01-1980 1980

Jean PIAT 14-03-1979 1979

Jean-Pierre Beltoise,

[coureur automobile] 03-01-1975 1976

Jean-Pierre Bloch 21-12-1977 1978

Jean-Pierre Dumans, [agriculteur] 08-05-1975 1976

Jean-Pierre Fourcade 10-10-1977 1978

Jean-Pierre Fourcade 15-11-1976 1977

Jean-Pierre Fourcade 22-03-1979 1979

Jean-Pierre Rampal 21-12-1979 1980

Jean-Pierre Soisson 27-10-1977 1978

Jean Poperen 06-11-1975 1977

Jean Prieur 02-01-1981 1981

Jean Raspail,

[explorateur, écrivain] 25-10-1976 1977

Jean Seberg 29-01-1976 1977

Jean Thevenot 29-10-1976 1977

Jean Vasca 24-03-1980 1980

Jeanne Bourin 11-09-1979 1980

Jeanne Lieberman,

[judoka, 84 ans] 31-10-1975 1976

Jeanne Moreau 23-01-1976 1977

Jeannette Thorez-Vermeersch 26-10-1979 1980

J.M. Catala 27-11-1975 1977

Jo Majo 20-05-1980 1977

Joël de Rosnay 24-02-1978 1979

Jorge Amado,

[écrivain brésilien] 25-06-1976 1977

Jorge Amado 07-11-1978 1979

Jorge-Luis Borges 11-12-1979 1981

Jorge-Luis Borges 12-12-1979 1981

Joris Ivens,

[réalisateur de cinéma, Néerlandais] 17-05-1976 1977

José Giovani 04-12-1975 1977

Joseph Chavanon

[ancien prêtre, marchand de journaux] 06-02-1975 1975

Joseph Delteil 04-04-1977 1977

Joseph Kessel 27-05-1974 1981

Joseph Lacrampe 09-06-1977 1977

Julien Green 02-07-1974 1981

Juliette Gréco, [chanteuse] 15-07-1976 1977

Kathy Dee, [transsexuelle] 08-01-1975 1976

Katia M. Queiros Mattoso 26-12-1979 1980

Kenneth White 18-01-1980 1980

l'Abbé Casy Rivière 08-04-1975 1976

l'abbé Louis Coaché,

[prêtre intégriste] 05-05-1975 1976

l'abbé Lucien Oziol 17-01-1977 1977

l'abbé Marc Oraison 14-10-1970 1981

l'Abbé Pierre 14-05-1969 1981

l'abbé René Laurentin 20-02-1980 1980

l'Amiral Philippe De Gaulle 07-11-1980 1981

l'empereur Dai Bao 17-03-1980 1980

la Comtesse de Paris 15-01-1982 1982

Laura Nosma 28-02-1980 1980

Laurent Theis 11-04-1979 1979

le Cardinal Jean Danielou 02-09-1969 1981

le Commandant Christian Pettre 16-01-1980 1980

le docteur Pierre Bour, [psychiatre] 20-12-1976 1977

le duc de Brissac 12-06-1972 1979

le Duc de Castries 29-12-1978 1979

le Frère Joseph 09-02-1977 1977

le frère Médard 08-03-1978 1979

le Frère Roger Schutz de Taizé 22-02-1971 1981

le Général René Chambe 02-10-1979 1980

le mime Marceau 03-06-1976 1977

le Pasteur R. Wurmbrand 13-01-1978 1979

le Père André Desobry 12-04-1979 1979

le Père B. Verspieren 03-10-1977 1978

le Père Bernard Bro,

[dominicain, prédicateur] 30-04-1976 1977

le Père Carré 06-01-1977 1977

le père Carré [dominicain] 01-12-1975 1976

le Père Georges Durand 06-11-1980 1981

le Père M. Albaric 07-09-1976 1979

le Père Michel Albaric, [dominicain] 07-09-1976 1977

le Père Paul Feller 31-12-1976 1977

le Père Pierre Ceyrac 02-06-1981 1981

le Pr. Pierre-Paul Grasse 23-10-1980 1981

le Prince Henryk de Danemark 21-02-1977 1977

le Prince Michel de Grèce 06-03-1980 1980

le Prince Sihanouk Norodom 18-12-1979 1980

le Prince Souvanha Phouma 16-12-1976 1977

le professeur André Lwoff,

[biologiste, prix Nobel de médecine 1965] 09-12-1976 1977

le professeur Lortat-Jacob,

[chirurgien, président du Conseil de l'ordre des médecins] 05-11-1976 1977

le Professeur Roger Couvelaire 20-03-1979 1979

le Rabin Josy Eisenberg 26-11-1980 1981

le Vicomte Paul de la Panoose 15-01-1979 1979

Léo Férré 01-05-1980 1980

Léo Malet, [écrivain] 24-05-1979 1979

Leonidas 22-02-1978 1979

Léonor Fini 21-06-1979 1979

Léopold Senghor,

[président de la République du Sénégal] 02-06-1975 1976

Leprince-Ringuet 04-06-1976 1977

Leslie Caron 27-02-1976 1977

Liane Orfei 26-12-1975 1977

Lili Laskine 24-10-1975 1977

Lilia de Vendeuwre 19-01-1977 1977

Lionel Chouchon 18-04-1977 1977

Lionel Stoleru 10-12-1976 1977

Lord Mountbatten,

[amiral de la Flotte britannique, comte de Birmanie] 28-10-1976 1977

Lorin Maazel,

[chef d'orchestre] 17-04-1979 1979

Louis Beriot 23-05-1980 1980

Louis Beriot 27-01-1977 1977

Louis Guilloux 01-07-1976 1977

Louis Lauga 15-06-1976 1977

Louis Legrand 09-09-1974 1981

Louis Leprince Ringuet 04-06-1980 1980

Louis Leprince-Ringuet, [physicien] 30-06-1976 1977

Louis Pauwels 20-02-1978 1979

Louise Weiss 16-02-1976 1977

Louise Weiss du 11-02-1980 au 15-02-1980 1980

Luc Estang 29-02-1980 1980

Luc Hervez 25-11-1980 1981

Lucie Faure 16-07-1976 1977

Lucien Barnier 11-04-1978 1979

Lucien Bodart 01-11-1979 1980

Lucien Israel 03-10-1980 1981

Lucien Israel 18-01-1977 1977

Lucien Outers 08-01-1979 1979

M. Debatisse 26-04-1977 1977

M. Ghislaine de Miramont 29-09-1978 1979

M. Le Forestier 23-09-1976 1977

M. Legault 01-02-1977 1977

M Makan Diabate 14-03-1977 1977

M Moruet 24-03-1977 1977

Madeleine Chapsal 01-02-1980 1980

Madeleine Riffaud, [journaliste] 10-01-1975 1976

Maitre René Roque 21-10-1974 1981

Marc Chagall 25-05-1971 1981

Marc Chodolenko,

[i.e. Cholodenko, écrivain] 30-11-1976 1977

Marcel Bleustein-Balmchet 18-05-1977 1977

Marcel Carné 19-06-1979 1979

Marcel Cavaillé 22-12-1977 1979

Marcel Jouhandeau 08-09-1976 1977

Marcel Landowski 14-09-1976 1977

Marcel Lods 15-02-1977 1977

Marcel Marien, [écrivain] 22-05-1979 1979

Marcel Mouloudji 26-03-1979 1979

Marcel Schneider 27-11-1978 1979

Marcel Scipion 02-02-1978 1979

Marek Halter 28-01-1977 1977

Margarita Wollmann 10-02-1977 1977

Marguerite Gurgand 05-03-1979 1979

Marguerite Hoppenot 15-01-1980 1980

Marguerite Yourcenar 11-06-1979, 12-06-1979,

13-06-1979, 15-06-1979 1979

Marie Cardinal, [écrivain] 10-07-1975 1976

Marie-Claude Pfauwadel 12-11-1981 1982

Marie-France Garaud 05-12-1980 1981

Marie Mauron, [écrivain] 16-04-1979 1979

Marie Mauron,

[institutrice écrivain] 17-02-1976 1976

Marie Sperling 27-04-1979 1979

Marie Toure 18-12-1978 1979

Mario Soares 30-03-1976 1977

Marius Peraudau 13-10-1978 1979

Martin Gray 05-10-1971 1981

Maryse Goldsmith-Dansaert 12-02-1979 1979

Maurice André 06-05-1979 1979

Maurice Bejart 13-09-1979 1980

Maurice Béjart, [chorégraphe] 11-12-1975 1976

Maurice Chapelan, [écrivain] 28-05-1975 1976

Maurice Charretier 29-04-1980 1980

Maurice Chevalier 03-12-1969 1981

Maurice Clavel 17-05-1978 1979

Maurice Clavel, [Philosophe] 23-05-1975 1976

Maurice Denuzière 08-06-1977 1977

Maurice Genevoix, [écrivain] 30-12-1975 1976

Maurice Herzog,

[alpiniste, homme politique] 26-02-1975 1976

Maurice Leroux 15-01-1976 1977

Maurice Marois,

[médecin, biologiste] 14-01-1976 1976

Maurice Martenot 29-12-1977 1978

Maurice Rheims 28-12-1979 1980

Maurice Schumann 18-06-1980 1980

Maurice Tubiana 06-03-1978 1979

Max Gallo 05-10-1979 1980

Max Graveleau 15-03-1979 1979

Max-Pol Fouchet 16-11-1979 1980

May Picqueray 18-10-1979 1980

Maya Dirce 29-09-1977 1978

Mère Marie Yvonne,

[ancienne pensionnaire de la Comédie française,

religieuse bénédictine] 28-01-1976 1976

Michaël Cacoyanis 05-04-1977 1977

Michel Balfort 09-03-1977 1977

Michel Berger 11-03-1980 1980

Michel Bouquet 13-11-1979 1980

Michel Boutinard-Rouelle 23-09-1980 1981

Michel Boutron, [écrivain] 20-09-1976 1977

Michel Butor 01-06-1979 1979

Michel Carayon 27-04-1977 1977

Michel Coloni 05-01-1977 1977

Michel D'Ornano 31-01-1977 1977

Michel de L'Ormeraie 19-09-1978 1979

Michel Debatisse 27-01-1981 1981

Michel Debré 11-02-1976 1977

Michel Debré et Marcel Jullian 18-04-1979 1979

Michel del Castillo, [écrivain] 29-10-1975 1976

Michel Droit 21-06-1977 1977

Michel Foucault [philosophe] 10-03-1975 1976

Michel Garcen 18-12-1975 1977

Michel Germond 21-05-1976 1977

Michel Guerard 07-12-1976 1977

Michel Henry 14-05-1976 1977

Michel Just 20-01-1981 1981

Michel Klein 08-07-1976 1977

Michel Laclotte 15-10-1979 1980

Michel Lancelot 11-10-1979 1980

Michel Legrand 05-12-1979 1980

Michel Malinovsky 04-01-1979 1979

Michel Poniatowski 30-01-1979 1979

Michel Poniatowski,

[ministre de l'Intérieur] 25-06-1975 1976

Michel Rachline, [écrivain] 04-05-1976 1977

Michel Ragon 05-03-1975 1977

Michel Rocard 16-02-1978 1979

Michel Rocard 21-09-1979 1980

Michel Roquebert 04-10-1977 1978

Michel Serres 05-03-1980 1980

Michel Tabachnik 16-10-1979 1980

Michel Tauriac 27-11-1979 1980

Michel Tournier 14-12-1979 1980

Michel Viot,

[pasteur luthérien] 17-06-1975 1976

Michèle Kahn, [écrivain] 29-05-1979 1979

Michèle Maurois 11-01-1980 1980

Michèle Morgan 19-05-1977 1977

Monique Brossard-Legrand 27-11-1980 1981

Monique Pelletier 19-06-1978 1979

Monseigneur Marty 20-05-1980 1980

Monseigneur Roger Etchegaray 16-01-1979 1979

Mr Paul Seitz 17-07-1978 1979

Muriel Cerf 24-12-1979 1980

Napoléon Bollokian 03-02-1977 1977

Nicolas 27-03-1978 1979

Nicole 03-10-1978 1979

Nicole Avril 30-04-1979 1979

Noella Pontois 29-12-1975 1977

O. Costa De Beauregard 16-12-1980 1981

Olivier Clément,

[historien, orthodoxe] 16-01-1976 1976

Olivier Dassault 27-05-76 1977

Olivier de Kersauson 17-12-1976 1977

Olivier Debré 10-03-1976 1977

Olivier Guichard 06-03-1975 1977

Olivier Merlin 24-05-1976 1977

Omar Sharif,

[acteur de cinéma] 06-10-1976 1977

P. Rousselt-Blanc 06-04-1977 1977

P. Viansson-Ponte et R.G. Schwartzenberg 23-11-1977 1978

Pascal et Virginie, 2000éme radioscopie

[Pascal Perrot, 13 ans ; Virginia Coutin, 12 ans,

enfants de divorcés] 05-10-1976 1977

Patrice Chéreau 26-04-1979 1979

Patrick Segal 07-04-1977 1977

Paul Castanier 19-03-1980 1980

Paul-Emile Victor 11-02-1977 1977

Paul-Emile Victor 11-02-1978 1979

Paul Guth 08-01-1980 1980

Paul-Louis Mignon, Catherine Daste 27-03-1979 1979

Paul Misraki 27-09-1977 1978

Paul Paray 15-05-1978 1979

Paul Sargos 28-03-1977 1977

P.C. Taittinger 26-05-1976 1977

Peter Brook 14-11-1979 1980

Philippe Boegner 24-05-1978 1979

Philippe Boucher 18-01-1979 1979

Philippe Deiber

[ancien comédien éleveur de bovins] 16-09-1975 1976

Philippe Lamour 09-01-1980 1980

Philippe Ragueneau,

[écrivain, directeur du Centre d'études et d'opinions] 21-04-1976 1977

Philippe Tesson 25-06-1975 1977

Pieral 19-03-1976 1977

Pierre Bailly

[Pdt de la Fédération nationale des syndicats d'initiative

et offices de tourisme, médecin] 09-04-1976 1977

Pierre Balmain 07-11-1979 1980

Pierre Barret, J-N Gurgant 11-09-1978 1979

Pierre Bataille 13-09-1978 1979

Pierre Bordas, [éditeur] 19-11-1975 1976

Pierre Boulez 13-12-1977 1978

Pierre Cardin 27-06-1975 1981

Pierre Chaunu 03-02-1982 1982

Pierre Chaunu 05-03-1976 1978

Pierre Chaunu 18-09-1978 1979

Pierre Cochereau,

[organiste à Notre-Dame de Paris] 16-09-1976 1977

Pierre Cornu, [peintre] 29-09-1976 1977

Pierre Daninos 10-06-1977 1977

Pierre Debray-Ritzen 06-10-1978 1979

Pierre Delanoe 21-01-1980 1980

Pierre Dreyfus 20-04-1977 1977

Pierre Dux 05-12-1978 1979

Pierre Emmanuel 18-11-1978 1979

Pierre Emmanuel [Noël Jean Matthieu dit],

[homme de lettres] 10-02-1975 1976

Pierre Faucheux 27-12-1978 1979

Pierre Fournier 05-07-1976 1977

Pierre Fournier 05-07-1976 1979

Pierre Grimal 21-06-1976 1977

Pierre Gripari 30-11-1978 1979

Pierre Hunt 10-05-1979 1979

Pierre Jakez Helias 09-10-1975 1978

Pierre Jakez Helias 23-06-1977 1978

Pierre Jakez Helias, [écrivain] 09-10-1975 1976

Pierre Levy,

[industriel, amateur d'art] 23-04-1976 1976

Pierre-Louis Blanc 17-11-1975 1977

Pierre Maurois 06-05-1977 1977

Pierre Mayer 04-01-1977 1977

Pierre Mendès-France 16-12-1977 1979

Pierre Miquel 05-04-1976 1979

Pierre Miquel 05-04-1976 1981

Pierre Miquel,

[professeur d'histoire] 05-04-1976 1977

Pierre Narbaitz,

[prêtre basque, homme de lettres] 08-09-1975 1976

Pierre Pallardy 25-09-1979 1980

Pierre Quoniam,

[directeur du Musée du Louvre] 03-11-1976 1977

Pierre Ramond,

[artisan marquetteur] 21-05-1979 1979

Pierre Salinger,

[journaliste] 12-05-1975 1976

Pierre Seghers 01-07-1977 1978

Pierre Soulages 06-03-1979 1979

Pierre Tchernia 11-04-1975 1977

Pierre Tucoo-Chala,

[professeur d'histoire] 26-11-1976 1977

Pierre-Yves Tremois 19-12-1978 1979

R Manuel 09-03-1976 1977

Raoul Follereau 04-09-1970 1981

Raymond Aron,

[sociologue, journaliste] 01-10-1976 1977

Raymond Devos 25-11-1975 1977

Raymond Levy,

[président d'Elf-union, vice-président d'ERAP] 07-04-1976 1977

Raymond-Michel Haas 27-12-1976 1977

Raymond Moretti 10-09-1979 1980

Raymond Vilain,

[médecin orthopédiste et chirurgien réparateur] 22-04-1976 1977

Regine Pernoud 27-05-1980 1980

Régis Debray 13-10-1975 1977

Rémy Chauvin, [naturaliste] 08-07-1975 1976

René Andrieu 22-01-1976 1977

René Cassin 01-03-1973 1981

René Desmaison 03-10-1979 1980

René Dubos 16-05-1979 1979

René Dumont 02-02-1977 1977

René Girard 02-11-78 1979

René Haby,

[ministre de l' Education] 07-04-1975 1976

René Huyghe 18-02-1980 1980

René Kovacs 10-06-1976 1977

René Levesque 04-11-1977 1978

René Monory 14-05-1980 1980

René Monory 18-10-1977 1978

René Remond 30-03-1979 1979

René Victor Pilhes 12-09-1977 1978

Renée Saint-Cyr,

[actrice, écrivain] 05-05-1976 1977

R.F. Delissalde 15-09-1976 1977

Ricardo Bafill 03-02-1978 1979

Robert Beauvais,

[journaliste, producteur de radio] 19-10-1976 1977

Robert Bordaz 25-02-1977 1977

Robert Boulin 20-12-1971 1980

Robert Courtine 29-05-1980 1980

Robert Debré [pédiâtre] 17-10-1975 1976

Robert Decout 02-05-1977 1977

Robert Dom 03-09-1980 1981

Robert Escarpit 16-11-1977 1979

Robert Fabre 22-03-1976 1977

Robert Four 24-09-1979 1980

Robert Grossmann 05-12-1975 1977

Robert Hirsh 25-01-1979 1979

Robert Hossein 17-10-1978 1979

Robert Hossein 22-10-1979 1980

Robert Judet 07-03-1979 1979

Robert Jungk,

[Journaliste autrichien] 01-01-1975 1976

Robert Leydet 14-02-1978 1979

Robert Malet 25-10-1979 1980

Robert Nergnaud 28-06-1979 1979

Robert Sabatier 11-03-1977 1977

Roche Frison 24-11-1981 1982

Roger Chapelain-Midy, [peintre] 08-11-1976 1977

Roger Chinaud 17-12-1975 1977

Roger G. Schwartzenberg 05-05-1977 1977

Roger Garaudy 10-10-1979 1980

Roger Garaudy 28-11-1978 1979

Roger Gicquel 11-11-1977 1978

Roger Kerinec 24-09-1976 1977

Roger Knobelpiess 09-12-1981 1982

Roger Peyrefitte 07-07-1977 1978

Roger Rocher 12-05-1976 1977

Roger Wybot,

[policier, ancien directeur de D.S.T.] 09-06-1975 1976

Roland Barthes, [sémiologue] 17-02-1975 1976

Roland Dhordain 16-03-1976 1977

Roland Numgesser 08-04-1977 1977

Roland Topor 01-03-1976 1977

Romain Gary, [écrivain] 10-06-1975 1976

Saad Khoury 24-10-1979 1980

Saint-Robert 28-10-1977 1978

Salvador Dali 04-01-1971 1981

Samivel 02-05-1980 1980

Samuel Pisar 26-02-1979 1979

S.A.S. Rainier de Monaco 06-12-1979 1980

Satprem 04-07-1977 1978

Saül Friedlander 13-12-1978 1979

Sean Mac Bride,

[commissaire des Nations Unies pour la Namibie,

prix Nobel de la paix 1974] 08-12-1975 1976

Serge Alalouf,

[guérisseur] 01-05-1975 1976

Serge July 22-04-1980 1980

Serge Lama 17-01-1979 1979

Serge Reggiani 09-04-1980 1980

Simone Lacouture 16-02-1977 1977

Simone Schwarz-Bart 04-10-1979 1980

Simone Signoret, [actrice] 11-11-1976 1977

Simone Veil,

[ministre de la Santé] 06-05-1975 1976

soeur Catherine-Marie,

[religieuse dominicaine de Béthanie] 13-10-1976 1977

Souchy 22-03-1977 1977

Stéphane Lauzet 21-09-1981 1981

Sylvia Monfort 10-10-1978 1979

Sylvie Vartan 17-12-1979 1980

Tahar Ben Jelloun 15-12-1977 1979

Ted Lapidus 10-04-1975 1977

Thérèse Jolly 14-09-1978 1979

Thierry Le Luron,

[comédien imitateur, chanteur] 03-12-1976 1977

Thierry Le Luron 05-11-1979 1980

Tran Viet 23-05-1979 1979

Urbain Cazaux,

[maire de Barèges, pdt de la conf.de tourisme des Hautes-Pyrénées] 02-06-1976 1977

Vercors 05-10-1977 1978

Véron Walters, [général] 13-04-1979 1979

Véronique Lemoign 23-09-1981 1981

Victor Leduc 01-06-1977 1977

Victor Vasareli 11-03-1977 1977

Vincent Ansquer 06-04-1976 1977

Vincent Monteil 28-03-1980 1980

Virgil Tanase 31-03-1977 1977

Virginie Coutin et Pascal Perrot 05-10-1976 1978

Vladimir Jankelevitch 08-10-1979 1980

Vladimir Volkoff 27-09-1979 1980

Volker Schloendorff 26-09-1979 1980

William Junod, [médecin] 19-09-1975 1976

William Robert Sivel 18-03-1980 1980

Xavier Darasse 19-10-1977 1978

Yathay Pin 26-03-1980 1980

Yéhudi Menuhin 30-06-1977 1978

Yvan Audouard 21-09-1976 1977

Yves Berger,

[écrivain, directeur littéraire] 26-04-1976 1977

Yves Boisset 14-02-1977 1977

Yves Coppens 15-06-1977 1977

Yves Danger Field 28-09-1978 1979

Yves Duteil 08-12-1980 1981

Yves Guena 28-09-1976 1977

Yves La Prairie 09-06-1977 1977

Yves Montand 04-05-1978 1979

Yves Naime,

[ancien poliomyélitique, représentant] 24-06-1975 1976

Yves Roumajon 04-01-1978 1979

Yves Simon 20-04-1976 1977

Yvonne Lefebure 28-04-1976 1977

Zouc 21-11-1980 1981

Lacouture, Jean. 1989

Abbé Pierre (1912-.... ) 1989

Bergeron, André (1922-.... ) 1989

Burgess, Anthony (1917-1993) 1989

Chaban-Delmas, Jacques (1915-2000) 1989

Claude Lévi-Strauss. [1ère partie] - 1981

Claude Lévi-Strauss. [2ème partie] - 1981

Claude Lévi-Strauss. [3ème partie] - 1981

Claude Lévi-Strauss. [4ème partie] - 1981

Claude Lévi-Strauss. [5ème partie] - 1981

Lévi-Strauss, Claude (1908-....) 1989

Françoise Sagan 1987

Arthur Rubinstein 19-05-1969 - 1999

Angela Davis 09-05-1977 - 1977

Denis Manuel, [acteur] 29-11-1976 - 1977

Dimitri, [clown] 05-06 -1975 - 1976

Eugène Riguidel, Gilles Gahinet, Éric Duchemin - 1980

Jacques Chirac 18-02-1977 - 1978

Jacques Chirac 12-12-1977 - 1979

Jean-Paul Sartre 07-02-1973 - 1981

Marek Halter 13-12-1979 - 1980

Michel Plasson, [directeur et chef d'orchestre du Théâtre du Capitole de Toulouse] 25-11-1976 - 1977

Simone Signoret - 1986

Brassens, Georges. 1971-11-30

Brel, Jacques. 1973-05-21

Lévi-Strauss, Claude 1989

Jean Bernard 5-01-1990 - 1999

Pierre Daninos 1972

Chrétien, Jean-Loup (1938-.... ) 1989

Conte, Arthur (1920-.... ) 1989

Cousteau, Jacques-Yves (1910-1997) 1989

Delon, Alain (1935-.... ) 1989

Les Octaves 1989

Lévy, Bernard-Henri (1948-.... ) 1989

Minc, Alain (1949-....) 1989

Moustaki, Georges (1934-.... ) 1989

Odermatt, Hervé 1989

Rosnay, Joël de (1937-.... ) 1989

Saint Marc, Hélie de (1922-.... ) 1989

Schwartzenberg, Léon (1923-2003) 1989

Vitez, Antoine (1930-1990) 1989

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The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

The Bunyip Song Dot and the Kangaroo(1977).mp3 subido correctamente

06 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp306 Capítulo IV. El tiempo de los espíritus.mp3

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