Why are middle-aged and older Americans persistently pro-Israel? It hasn’t always been the case. This week on How We Got Here, Max and Erin discuss the profound opinion shift among younger Americans, and then take a trip off campus to understand how geopolitics and propaganda in the 21st century have entrenched pro-Israel sentiments in Gen Xers, Boomers and beyond.

SOURCES:

The U.S. Public’s Pro-Israel History | Pew Research Center

Majority in US Say Israel's Reasons for Fighting Hamas Are Valid | Pew Research Center

Daniel Hopkins and Gall Sigler | On-campus protests reflect stark generational divide on Israel-Palestine | The Daily Pennsylvanian

Americans' Reaction to Middle East Situation Similar to Past

Americans' Views of Both Israel, Palestinian Authority Down

Majority in U.S. Now Disapprove of Israeli Action in Gaza

Despite concerns about war, many voters would ban pro-Palestinian campus protests

Half of US adults say Israel has gone too far in war in Gaza, AP-NORC poll shows

Americans' views divided on US policy toward Israel-Hamas war: POLL - ABC News

The history of US support for Israel runs deep, but with a growing chorus of critics - ABC News

The generation gap in opinions toward Israel | Brookings

Public Attitudes toward Israel: A Study of the Attentive and Issue Publics

American Public Opinion Polls: Attitudes Toward Israel Prior to 1967

Foreign Policy Interest Groups, Mass Public Opinion and the Arab-Israeli Dispute

CBS News poll: Rising numbers of Americans say Biden should encourage Israel to stop Gaza actions

The American Public and Israel

The 1987 AIPAC Conference

Trump’s Hard-Line Israel Position Exports U.S. Culture War Abroad - The New York Times

How Republicans fell in love with Israel - Vox

What unites the global protests for Palestinian rights - Vox

Israel vs. the Palestinians: TV Coverage of the Second Intifada

Pentagon deleted part of official's apology - Oct. 20, 2003

Franklin Graham conducts services at Pentagon - Apr. 18, 2003

Religious Beliefs, Elite Polarization, and Public Opinion on Foreign Policy: The Partisan Gap in American Public Opinion Toward Israel | International Journal of Public Opinion Research | Oxford Academic