A DOT (Department of Transportation) medical card, also known as a CDL (Commercial Driver's License) medical card, is required for individuals who operate commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) in the United States. These medical cards are mandatory to ensure that commercial drivers are physically fit to operate these vehicles, which can pose risks to public safety if operated by individuals with certain medical conditions that may impair their ability to drive.

Here are some key points about who needs a DOT medical card:

1. Commercial Drivers: Commercial drivers who operate vehicles that meet certain criteria are required to obtain a DOT medical card. This includes drivers of trucks, buses, and other large vehicles used for transporting goods or passengers.
2. Weight and Vehicle Type: The specific weight and type of vehicle that triggers the requirement for a DOT medical card may vary by state, but generally, any CMV with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,001 pounds or more, or a vehicle designed to transport 16 or more passengers (including the driver), or a vehicle used in the transportation of hazardous materials that requires placarding, will require a DOT medical card.
3. Interstate vs. Intrastate: The need for a DOT medical card may also depend on whether the driver operates the vehicle in interstate (across state lines) or intrastate (within a single state) commerce. Interstate drivers typically have more stringent medical requirements.
4. Medical Examination: To obtain a DOT medical card, drivers must undergo a medical examination by a certified medical examiner listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners. The examination assesses a driver's physical and mental fitness, including vision, hearing, and various health conditions.
5. Renewal: DOT medical cards are typically valid for two years, but the renewal frequency may vary depending on the driver's medical condition and other factors. Some drivers with certain medical conditions may need to renew their medical card more frequently, such as annually.
6. Exemptions: There are some exemptions and waivers available for certain medical conditions that may disqualify a driver from obtaining a DOT medical card. These exemptions are granted on a case-by-case basis and are typically issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).

It's important for commercial drivers to be aware of the specific requirements in their state and to ensure they meet the necessary medical standards to obtain and maintain a DOT medical card. Failure to comply with these requirements can result in the suspension or revocation of a driver's CDL and may affect their ability to work as a commercial driver.

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