Wofford Arboretum Central Campus

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 4 – 9

Height: 70 – 90 with a maximum of 150

Spread: 35 – 50

Habit: Somewhat pyramidal in youth; maturing to oval-rounded

Light: Full sun or partial shade

Soil: Deep, moist, well-drained loam with slight acidity

Flowers: greenish-yellow and tulip-like; May to early June

Fruit: May to early June

Landscape use: Not suitable for small or residential use, should be restricted to large areas, very large and magnificent tree when fully grown, good for group plantings

History: Native range is Massachusetts to Wisconsin, south to Florida and Mississippi, cultivated in 1663

Pests\Problems: Great fall colors; can be spectacularly yellow; valued for flowers and foliage

Significant Features: Great fall colors; can be spectacularly yellow; valued for flowers and foliage

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 5 – 9

Height: 40 – 50

Spread: 1/2 – 3/4 height

Habit: Dense, round-topped crown with stout, spreading branches

Light: Best in full sun or partial shade

Soil: Silty, loamy soils preferable

Flowers: inconspicuous hanging catkins

Fruit: acorn 3/4 – 1 long, egg-shaped

Landscape use: Seldom used in landscape situations

History: Native range is southern Massachusetts to Florida, west to Iowa and Texas; introduced in 1819

Pests\Problems: None

Significant Features: Thick, shiny, dark green leaves

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 2 – 9

Height: 60 – 80 with maximum of 100 – 120

Spread: 1/2 – 2/3 its height

Habit: Irregular, widely arching branches forming vase shape; angles of branches acute

Light: Sun or partial shade

Soil: Rich, moist soil preferable but grows well under a variety of conditions

Flowers: greenish-red in fascicles; inconspicuous

Fruit: rounded, notched, disc-shaped, winged fruit

Landscape use: American elm formerly widely planted on boulevards and parkways

History: Native range is Newfoundland to Florida, west to the foot of the Rockies; introduced in 1752

Pests\Problems: Pests: bark aphid, wood borer, beech scale; Problems: Dutch Elm disease now limits landscape use; mildew

Significant Features: Large, leathery foliage; vigorous and supposedly resistant to elm leaf beetle

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 4 – 8

Height: 80 – 100

Spread: 50 – 80

Habit: In youth: pyramidal, narrow crown; At maturity: open crown with spreading branches

Light: Best in full sun

Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable, can withstand great variability in pH

Flowers: yellow-green hanging catkins

Fruit: acorn 3/4 – 1 1/4 oblong acorn, usually dark-striped

Landscape use: Used for lawns, parks, golf courses, commercial landscapes, and streets

History: Native range is Alabama westward to eastern Texas, northward to southeastern Oklahoma, Arkansas, southeastern Missouri, and western Tennessee; distinguished as a species in 1927

Pests\Problems: None serious

Significant Features: Can not tolerate shade, grows well in areas of low oxygen availability, distinguished from pin oak by size of acorn

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 6 – 9

Height: 30 – 35

Spread: 25 – 35

Habit: Oval-rounded in outline with upswept branches

Light: Best in full sun

Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable

Flowers: occur on previous years wood, not showy

Fruit: obovoid 1/4 diameter drupe similar to crab apple, maturing to sky blue color in October

Landscape use: Great for lawn, park, and street use

History: Native range is central and western China; introduced in 1890

Pests\Problems: None

Significant Features: Extremely drought tolerant; good habit and excellent fall color

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 3 – 8

Height: 70 – 80

Spread: 30 – 40

Habit: Narrow, upright, pyramidal form

Light: Best in full sun or partial shade

Soil: Sandy, deep, moderately moist soil preferable but grows in almost any situation; very pH adaptable

Flowers: anthers in 1 long, green catkins

Fruit: plum-like in shape, tan to orangish in color, seeds are foul smelling and only on female plants

Landscape use: Excellent city tree or specimen for large areas

History: Native range is eastern China; introduced in 1784

Pests\Problems: None

Significant Features: Exceptional vitality and handsome foliage; unique winter habit; magnificent yellow fall color, tolerant to air pollution

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 7 – 9

Height: 60 – 80

Spread: 30 – 50

Habit: Densely pyramidal, low branching, stately, evergreen tree; some trees become as wide as tall

Light: Best in sun or partial shade

Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil

Flowers: creamy white, wonderfully fragrant, 8 – 12” in diameter, flowering period is from May to June

Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds

Landscape use: Needs ample space to develop; use as screen, grouping, and hedge; characteristic of southern gardening heritage

History: Native range is North Carolina to Florida and Texas; cultivated in 1734

Pests\Problems: Essentially problem-free

Significant Features: Low-lying branches, flower size and fragrance

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 4 – 8

Height: 70 – 100 with a maximum of 120

Spread: 65 – 80

Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: open, wide spreading, with massive branches

Light: Best in full sun or very light shade

Soil: Deep, rich, moist, well-drained soil preferable but will grow in almost any soil

Flowers: inconspicuous

Fruit: globular headed, 1 1/2 in diameter, 2, 3 or 6 together

Landscape use: Acceptable for open areas, parks, golf courses, campuses, streets

History: First record of tree was in 1663 when hybrid was growing in London; dominant street tree in London

Pests\Problems: Pests: borers, lacebug; Problems: canker, powdery mildew, frost cracking, anthracnose

Significant Features: Very long lived; withstands worst city conditions; requires occasional cleanup of leaves, fruit and bark; easily transplanted

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 6 – 9

Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 120

Spread: 30 – 40 with a maximum of 90 – 100

Habit: Upright form with blue-green needles

Light: Sun or partial shade

Soil: Moist, well-drained, deep, loamy soil preferable but will tolerate sandy or clay soil

Flowers: 2 – 3 long male cones; erect female cones in upper part of tree

Fruit: 2 1/4 – 4 long, glaucous green cones

Landscape use: Good specimen tree, especially when fully mature; allow ample room for development

History: Native range is Algeria and Morocco on the Atlas Mountains; introduced before 1840

Pests\Problems: Pests: black scale and deodar weevil; Problems: tip blight and root rot

Significant Features: Bluish-green color, not as magnificent as the species

Tree Details

Hardiness zone: 5 – 9

Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 90 – 100

Spread: 30 – 40

Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: dense oblong-oval to rounded crown at maturity

Light: Best in full sun or partial shade

Soil: Moist, well-drained acidic soil preferable, can adapt to very difficult habitats

Flowers: inconspicuous

Fruit: acorn with alternating brown and black bands

Landscape use: Best oak for overall texture and form; splendid for avenue use and large area use such as commercial establishments, golf courses and parks

History: Native range is New York to Florida, west to Missouri and Texas; introduced in 1723

Pests\Problems: None serious

Significant Features: Finer textured leaves than most oaks; relatively fast growing