It is estimated that women comprise nearly 70% of the global health and social workforce, yet they only hold about 25% of senior leadership roles. This week, we share our thoughts on why we lack female leadership in healthcare and highlight why gender inequality is a global health issue. We discuss the socioeconomic factors that influence women’s career prospects all around the globe. We also address the gender pay gap and the important role men play in promoting gender equity.  

This week's case study: A Kenyan high court judge has declared that being a housewife is a full-time job, and it should therefore attract some form of compensation. 

Do you think the gender pay gap is a myth? Why do you think we lack female leadership in health care? Share your thoughts with us at [email protected]

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Additional resources:

Closing the leadership gap: Gender equity and leadership in the global health and care workforce
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/341636/9789240025905-eng.pdf 

Delivered by women, led by men: A gender and equity an

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“If the health care sector was a country, it would be the 5th largest emitter of carbon dioxide.” In this episode we emphasise why the climate change crisis is also a global health crisis. We further discuss the biggest culprits of carbon dioxide emissions and whether climate change policies are fair and equitable for low-and-middle-income countries. As always, we round it off with thoughts on global and personal steps we can take to address the climate crisis. 

Who do you think is the weakest link when it comes to addressing the climate crisis? Share your thoughts with us at [email protected]

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Additional resources:

Climate change is a health emergency | Hanna Linstadt | TEDxCherryCreek - https://youtu.be/iizxKSFugaM 

Survivors of Cyclone Idai struggle to survive with no government help - https://youtu.be/FTmhP1KeEcM 

https://twitter.com/Musvanhiri/status/1237811518638612480?s=20&t=PIpiVU2KBULlHrXYXjRtow 

HEALTH CARE’S CLIMATE - FOOTPRINT HOW THE HEALTH SECTOR CONTRIBUTES TO THE GLOBAL CLIMATE CRISIS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACTION https://noharm-global.org/sites/default/files/documents-files/5961/Hea

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Many people across the world are thought to rely on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs. In this episode, we explore different definitions of traditional medicine and address some harmful traditional health practices, while also highlighting those that could have some health benefits. We also discuss ways to integrate traditional medicine and traditional health practices into our current health care systems. 

What has been your experience with traditional medicine? Do you think it should be formalised? Share your thoughts with us at [email protected]

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Additional resources:

https://www.who.int/health-topics/traditional-complementary-and-integrative-medicine#tab=tab_1 

Oyebode, O., Kandala, N. B., Chilton, P. J., & Lilford, R. J. (2016). Use of traditional medicine in middle-income countries: a WHO-SAGE study. Health policy and planning, 31(8), 984–991. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw022 

We shouldn’t use labels like “Alternative” and “Conventional” Medicine by Healthcare Triage - https://youtu.be/bJKkFJyDlYI 

Herbal Medicine - https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/

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Millions of people are pushed into extreme poverty simply because they pay large sums of money for healthcare. In this episode, we discuss the feasibility of universal health coverage, highlighting arguments for and against this principle. We emphasise on the implications of lacking financial protection and the collective efforts required from stakeholders across the globe to promote progressive healthcare systems nationally and internationally.  

Is Universal Health Coverage a feasible goal? Tell us why [email protected]

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Additional resources:

Sustainable Development Goals (who.int)

21072_WHS 2021 (who.int)

Progress towards universal coverage: the health systems of Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania - PubMed (nih.gov)

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Today we are spilling our own tea! There has been an on-going mental health crisis amongst students at universities, which worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this episode, we discuss the impact of COVID-19 lockdown factors such as self-isolation, loss of structured occupations at work, school or university, disrupted transitions into employment and COVID-19 anxiety on youth mental health. 

How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected your mental health? Share your experiences with us at: [email protected]

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Today’s  case study: Youth mental health in the time of COVID-19

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/irish-journal-of-psychological-medicine/article/youth-mental-health-in-the-time-of-covid19/7174278848C172FB81E367523B1F7C7D 

Additional resources:

Universities during lockdown 2020 e.g. University of Manchester 

• https://www.theguardian.com/global/video/2020/nov/06/manchester-university-students-pull-down-lockdown-fences-around-halls-video 

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According to a survey conducted by the University College London, 64% of young, Black people in England were vaccine hesitant. This week, we discuss vaccine hesitancy in Black communities and explore some historical reasons for mistrust in healthcare systems. We dive into public engagement strategies, deciphering how science is communicated to the public. We also re-iterate why vaccines are still valuable.  

Do you think Black people should take the COVID-19 vaccine? Tell us why at: [email protected]

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Today’s  case study: Nicki Minaj’s tweet - https://twitter.com/NICKIMINAJ/status/1437532566945341441?s=20&t=TtAuxrTQEGRNMKefns-fMA 

Additional resources: 

Survey says 64% of young black people in England are 'vaccine hesitant': https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/mar/16/survey-says-64-of-young-black-people-in-england-are-vaccine-hesitant 

Brandt, A. M. "Racism and research: The case of theTuskegee Syphilis study." The Hastings Center Report 8(6): 21-29 (1978) : https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3372911/Brandt_Racism.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

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Is butt enhancement surgery a global health concern? In this episode, we discuss the procedures, costs and possible complications of Brazilian Butt Lifts (BBLs).  We highlight the reasons for the growing demand of BBLs over the past decade. We also assess the unrealistic beauty standards set on women in today’s society and suggest possible solutions moving forward. 

Are BBLs a global health concern? Share your thoughts with us at: [email protected]

[For YouTube]: Are BBLs a global health concern? Share your thoughts with us in the comment section below!

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Today's case study: 'Dr Bumbum' charged over death of patient after operation | Brazil | The Guardian 

Additional resources:

Conde-Green, Alexandra et al. “Abstract: Brazilian Butt Lift Performed by Brazilian Plastic Surgeons: Reports of an Expert Opinion Survey.” Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open vol. 6,9 Suppl 82-83. 26 Sep. 2018, doi:10.1097/01.GOX.0000546929.57725.02 

Cosmetic procedures – Surgical fat transfer – NHS - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

International Expert Panel Consensus on Fat Grafting of the Breast: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open (lww.com)

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We discuss how eurocentrism influences healthcare systems around the world. We unpack the experiences of people of colour when seeking care, particularly that of the award winning, tennis champion, Serena Williams, after her daughter's birth. We highlight the regressive impact of Western knowledge being the  standard and the necessary steps to decolonise Global Health. 

Ever witnessed or experienced racism in a healthcare system? Share your experiences with us at: [email protected]

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Today's case study: Serena William’s pulmonary embolism after giving birth to her daughter

Additional resources:

Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R. and Oliver, M. N. (2016) 'Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(16), pp. 4296-4301. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1516047113 

Louie, P. and Wilkes, R. (2018) 'Representations of race and skin tone in medical textbook imagery', Soc Sci Med, 202, pp. 38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.023

Byrd, K. M., Wilson, D. C., Hoyler, S. S., & Peck, G. L. (2004). Advanced presentation of melanoma in African Americans.

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In our first episode we discuss what gives us the global health 'ick' and dive into the misleading world of the fertility industry. We look into the pros and cons of egg freezing, the medical procedures involved, the costs and our personal perspectives on whether we would freeze our eggs and who should pay for it.   

Would you freeze your eggs? Email us your thoughts at: [email protected]

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Today's case study: The Banning Of Egg Freezing In Asia | Refinery29 - YouTube

Additional resources:
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2021/feb/analysis-egg-freezing-new-research-raises-questions-about-how-clinics-advertise

https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/fertility-clinics-are-being-taken-over-profit-companies-selling-false-ncna1145671

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/18/well/the-misleading-promise-of-ivf-for-women-over-40.html

https://www.bionews.org.uk/page_95847

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Welcome to the World Health Investigation podcast. We discuss all things global health- unpacking the most controversial health and social issues, as well as promote new-wave global health development and equity.  

Find out all the global health tea from your hosts Edna, Jocelyne and Loza, from 19th March 2022. 

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