WW1 Centennial News

Our Friends in France: Episode #80

• 100 Years Ago: Why America Celebrated Bastille Day | @02:05

the Franco-American relationship is our theme for this week’s history segment. We are going to take a look at how we honored --- and frustrated each other -- and we thought we might even set our centennial time machine to take a little deeper dive and touch on our relationship where it started  -- At very birth of our nation as we explore Franco American relations 100 years ago this week and more…

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/15/102721314.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/15/102721328.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/16/102722235.pdf

Theodore Roosevelt’s beloved youngest son, Quentin, is shot down behind enemy lines and presumed dead.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/18/102723502.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/19/102724244.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/svc/tmach/v1/refer?pdf=true&res=9B01E5DB143EE433A2575AC1A9619C946996D6CF

Despite less-than-ideal circumstances, the Doughboys manage to stymie a strong German offensive, and the US 3rd Division earns its nickname: the Rock of the Marne.  

http://www.edwardlengel.com/portfolio/thunder-and-flames-americans-in-the-crucible-of-combat-1917-1918/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/turning-point-the-rock-of-the-marne-july-1918/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

Famous American literary figures, including Ernest Hemingway, are participating in the war in a variety of locations and capacities. Meanwhile, bolstered by one million American troops, the “Allies are seizing the initiative.”

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/07/08/hemingway-in-italy-dos-passos-in-france/

https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news.html

Debra Dudek, an military genealogy research expert, joins the show to discuss her work and provide research advice to our audience.

https://www.amazon.com/World-Genealogy-Research-Guide-Non-Combatant/dp/1980916845

If YOU have information about your ancestor’s service in WW1, you can submit it to a permanent national archive on our website! Host Theo Mayer explains.

ww1cc.org/stories - for submittal

https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/commemorate/family-ties/stories-of-service.html - for exploring the stories

https://www.rollofhonor.org/ww1/ - for connecting the story to service profiles

These week on 100 Cities/100 Memorials, Saugerties, New York, residents Bill Payne, Vince Buono and Lisa Polay join the show to talk about the WWI Centennial Room at American Legion Post 72.     

www.ww1cc.org/100cities

This week on Speaking WW1, our word is “Alleyman”, an American nickname for the Germans derived from French.

https://www.amazon.com/Tommy-Doughboy-Fritz-Soldier-Slang/dp/1445637839

http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/recent-updates-to-the-oed/previous-updates/june-2014-update/release-notes-the-language-of-world-war-i/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=33&v=fX-nRlVw5Io

The subject of this installment of WW1 Tech is the Mortar, an ancient weapon that comes of age during the Great War.

http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/645160.pdf

http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/mortars.htm

https://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=650

https://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=651

https://www.britannica.com/technology/artillery/Mortars#ref520761

http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/smortar.htm

https://www.britannica.com/technology/mortar-weapon

http://www.landships.info/landships/artillery_articles/7_58cm_minenwerfer.html

The headlines from this week’s Dispatch newsletter: Doughboy 4th of July celebrations overseas, a new video from the American Battle Monuments Commission, “100 Years of Mateship” between the US and Australia, a WWI article from the Virginian-Pilot Newspaper, and remembering Private Lee G. Winslow. Also, check out our official merchandise!  

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

Katherine Akey highlights our recent social media activity, including videos from French reenactment groups on Facebook, and a new seven-part video series on WW1 from the US Army Center of Military History, also on Facebook.  

https://www.facebook.com/charle.robac/posts/2099055857028921

https://www.79thmemorygroup.com/

https://www.facebook.com/trainsettraction/

https://www.facebook.com/armyhistory/posts/10156598516337853

• 100 Years ago: July 1918 overview - Theo Mayer, Katherine Akey & Dr. Edward Lengel | @02:10

Dr. Ed Lengel, Katherine Akey, and Theo Mayer preview the key developments and themes of July 1918.

On the Italian Front, the Allies utilize airpower to stymie an Austrian offensive. On the Western Front, as Americans continue to prove their mettle in crucial battles, Pershing becomes convinced that America must “assume the initiative” if the Allies are to win the war.  

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/07/01/summer-1918-key-battles-in-italy-and-france/

www.ww1cc.org/bells

Rob Laplander, Managing Director of Doughboy MIA, joins us to talk about ongoing efforts to research the fate and service of missing WW1 soldiers.

www.ww1cc.org/mia

https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/doughboy-mia-home.html

https://militaryhistorynow.com/2016/03/09/the-lost-doughboys-the-hunt-continues-for-american-mias-from-ww1/

Authors Michael Collins and Martin King discuss their new book, The Lost Voices: The Untold Stories of America's World War I Veterans and Their Families, which looks at WW1 through the eyes of Americans who witnessed it.

https://www.amazon.com/Lost-Voices-Americas-Veterans-Families/dp/1493031643

This week on Speaking WW1, our phrase is ‘Zero-hour’, the precise start time of an operation.

http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/413123#eid321052091

https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/roundtable/zero-hour

www.ww1cc.org/100cities

https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3004-four-questions-for-karlen-morris.html

https://usabot.ecwid.com/#!/Donation-Monument-Fort-Knox-Patton-Joins-the-US-Tank-Corps/p/83940729/category=5426372

https://19seriesclothing.com/

For WW1 Tech, we take a look at the crude but effective Trench Club.

https://owlcation.com/humanities/WW1-Trench-Weapons-The-Trench-Club-and-Trench-Knife

https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30003757

https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30001746

https://www.wearethemighty.com/articles/the-6-most-terrifying-weapons-of-world-war-i

The headlines from this week’s Dispatch newsletter: Fighting Father Duffy Remembered, Historic fireboat in NYC turned into Floating Work of WWI-inspired Art, Navy Cross Nurses: Inspiring Heroism During the Influenza Epidemic of 1918, Warriors in Khaki: Wyoming Indian Doughboys who served in World War I, and  this week’s Story of Service featuring Emmett George Hoyt. Also, check out our official merchandise!  

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

Katherine Akey highlights our recent social media activity, including two popular articles on Facebook about the short-lived WW1 Victory Arch in NYC (the Daily Beast) and a deadly fire at a New York munitions plant (Syracuse.com).

https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-world-war-one-victory-arch-demolished-in-a-new-york-minute

https://www.syracuse.com/vintage/2018/06/one_hundred_years_later_remembering_the_split_rock_disaster.html

• 100 Years ago: 4th of July, 1918 | @02:00

President Wilson and others speak of America’s lofty virtues, the contribution of immigrant soldiers, and a desire for a new, free, rules-based international order while celebrating the fourth of July at Mount Vernon. In Paris, the French hold their own massive celebration, as the European allies express their gratitude to the Americans. Meanwhile, the US Navy continues to grow in ships and manpower.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/23/102712800.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/23/102712799.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/23/102712854.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/24/102713653.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/25/102713961.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/25/102713963.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/27/102714713.pdf

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/naval_warfare_usa

Historian Mike Shuster details the events of this week in 1918. The war enters a new phase characterized by chaos on all fronts. In the west, “it is now open warfare”, according to a soldier's diary, with rapid movement of men and vehicles as the Allies try to press their advantage over Germany. In the east, German troops continue to grab territory from the disintegrated Russian Empire. And in the United States, prominent socialist Eugene Debs is sentenced to 10 years in prison for speaking out against the war.   

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/06/24/a-provocative-anti-war-speech/

Dr. Edward Lengel takes us through the U.S. 2nd Division’s July 1st assault on the German-held town of Vaux, a critical victory for the still-developing outfit.

http://www.edwardlengel.com/portfolio/thunder-and-flames-americans-in-the-crucible-of-combat-1917-1918/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/army-brigade-action-capture-vaux-1918/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

Check out our friends at the Great War Channel, who just released a special episode on the Harlem Hellfighters.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4dirfiokh0

The Commission’s own Betsy Anderson joins us to discuss Bells of Peace, a program that encourages the tolling of Bells at 11 am, on November 11th, 2018, to commemorate the Armistice.  

www.ww1cc.org/bells

Dr. Jay Winter, a renowned historian, speaks with Theo Mayer about the impact of WW1 on historical memory.

http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-morrison-winter-20140625-column.html

http://www.dw.com/en/world-war-i-created-new-culture-of-mourning/a-17233945

https://www.amazon.com/Remembering-War-between-History-Century/dp/0300110685

Christine Pittsley discusses the Connecticut State Library’s “Remembering WWI Project”, which engages local communities to shed light on Connecticut’s WW1 history.  

https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2017/summer/statement/connecticut-remembers-world-war-i-through-letters-diaries-and-other-personal-possessions

http://www.wfsb.com/story/35851072/families-meet-to-share-history-of-loved-ones-in-world-war-i

https://apnews.com/afcf1bea88b44bf0bdc6cc9ca20f1551

https://ctstatelibrary.org/remembering-world-war-one-2/

http://ctinworldwar1.org/digitization-days/

Kevin Fitzpatrick, a New York City-based author and program director for that city’s World War I Centennial Committee, and Major Jared Nichols, an active-duty army officer, discuss the ongoing memorial restorations on Governor’s Island.

www.ww1cc.org/100cities

http://governorsislandguide.com/?p=951

http://eastcoastdoughboys.com/governors-island-2018/

This week on Speaking WW1, our phrase is “War Effort”, meaning the collective struggle of an entire nation to defeat the enemy.  

http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/225589#eid15332372

This week’s highlights from the Dispatch: award winning WW1 themed student projects, remembering Quentin Roosevelt, a new book about the only U-Boat attack on U.S. soil, WWrite blog, Story of Service, and our official merchandise.

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

Katherine Akey highlights our recent social media activity, including an article about efforts to get WW1 memorials and cemeteries recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, footage of post-war Paris on Facebook, and a restored WW1-era Harley Davidson in action on Instagram.

https://www.stripes.com/news/europe/france-belgium-seek-unesco-recognition-for-wwi-memorials-1.534494

https://www.facebook.com/musiquefranco/videos/10207775402411127/?hc_ref=ARTuww1xobGk6c34jEPEK4sFp6jN4OGx_RDy3T7oJ5hWRMwi2YMO1CfbbwzKYhcRmB0

https://www.instagram.com/operationtwinlinks/

Howard Schultz on the National WWI Memorial - Episode #77

• The battle on the Italian Front: Piave | @01:45

While the Western Front is undoubtedly the Great War’s most famous theatre of combat, the Italian Front is equally deserving of our attention. Austria-Hungary and Italy fought a brutal campaign in the rugged Dolomite Mountains for three years, with neither side gaining the upper hand until 1918.  Ultimately, Italy and the Allies decisively defeat Austria-Hungary, spelling the end for a once-powerful empire.    

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-the-piave-river

http://historycollection.co/today-history-topic-battle-piave-ww-1917

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/20/106215159.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/17/102710908.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/17/102710897.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/17/102710900.pdf

While the heroism of the US Marine Corps tends to dominate the narrative of Belleau Wood, the US Army also played a strategically vital role in the battle. Dr. Edward Lengel joins us to explain how the US 30th Infantry regiment effectively collaborated with a French unit to capture Hill 204 from the Germans.  

http://www.edwardlengel.com/portfolio/thunder-and-flames-americans-in-the-crucible-of-combat-1917-1918/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/u-s-army-belleau-wood-untold-story-hill-204/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

This week 100 years ago, a group of American aviators took part in an Italian bombing raid on an Austro-Hungarian railway station.

http://ww1cc.org/warinthesky

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/22/102712432.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/20/106215160.pdf

Check out our friends at the Great War Channel for a fascinating video about German submarine attacks on the American coast.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7pnogIeCIQ

Historian David Pietrusza discusses Theodore Roosevelt and his role in the First World War, from his early and outspoken support of U.S. involvement to the enormous price his family paid on the battlefield.  

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/why-teddy-roosevelt-tried-bully-way-onto-wwi-battlefield-180962840/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/letters-unbearable-grief-theodore-roosevelt-death-son-180962743/

https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-bull-moose-in-winter-theodore-roosevelt-and-world-war-i.htm

https://www.amazon.com/TRs-Last-War-Theodore-Roosevelt/dp/1493028871

This week on Speaking WW1- where we explore words and phrases that are rooted in WW1- our word is Tailspin, meaning an uncontrollable descent.

http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/197114

https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2014/06/13/oed-ww1-timeline/

For WW1 War Tech, this week we take a look at the “Ice City”- a network of tunnels carved out of a glacier by the Austro-Hungarians.

http://www.museomarmoladagrandeguerra.com/en/the-museum/the-ice-city/

http://www.geography.unibe.ch/unibe/portal/fak_naturwis/e_geowiss/c_igeogr/content/e3

9624/e39625/e39626/e496602/e508175/december1916_ger.pdf

Katherine Akey highlights our recent social media activity, including an article from PBS about The Great War documentary, a magazine feature on National WW1 Memorial Sculptor Sabin Howard, and a series of images from the Italian Front on our instagram page.   

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/goldman-prelude-red-scare-espionage-and-sedition-acts

https://whitehotmagazine.com/articles/contemporary-sculpture-with-astounding-piece/3980

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTn5aTy38lk&t=494s

https://www.instagram.com/ww1cc/

• The Battle of Belleau Wood - Mike Shuster | @02:15

We invite you to use our full interactive transcript at our podcast website: ww1cc.org/cn meanwhile, below you will find links to our guests and our research. 

Historian Mike Shuster’s discusses the events of this week in 1918, including the all-important Battle of Belleau Wood, a disastrous outbreak of Spanish Flu in the German ranks, and the dawn of Allied numerical superiority on the Western front. The latter two developments force the German command to make a difficult strategic choice.   

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/06/10/belleau-wood-crucial-test-for-the-americans/

Dr. Ed Lengel explores the battlefield events 100 years ago this week, filling in the details with direct accounts as we witness the fierce fighting determination of the 2nd Brigade’s Marine division- which took the Germans by surprise.

http://www.edwardlengel.com/portfolio/thunder-and-flames-americans-in-the-crucible-of-combat-1917-1918/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/forgotten-heroes-marine-breakthrough-belleau-wood-1918/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

The Battle of Belleau Wood became the crucible that transformed the United States Marine Corps, from a small force that primarily served on ships to a highly respected land combat outfit. At this late stage of the conflict, the stakes could not have been higher for either the Germans or the Allies. Author Alan Axelrod describes this ferocious, consequential battle that changed the course of the war and U.S. military history.    

https://www.amazon.com/Alan-Axelrod/e/B001IQULA4

https://www.abmc.gov/cemeteries-memorials/europe/belleau-wood

100 years ago this week, Douglas Campbell, the first US trained Air Ace, scores his sixth and final aerial victory. While Campbell duels the Germans above Europe, Capt. John Alcock and Lt. Arthur Whitten Brown make the first non-stop transatlantic flight.

http://ww1cc.org/warinthesky

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Campbell_(aviator)

Tom Faith, an in-house historian at the State Department, illuminates the pivotal role that the State Department played during the war, from the beginning of the conflict  through the Treaty of Versailles. He also discusses the impact of the war on American diplomacy and foreign policy, and the diplomatic implications of illegal poison gas use by the belligerent powers.  

https://www.press.uillinois.edu/wordpress/qa-with-behind-the-gas-mask-author-thomas-faith/

https://militaryhistorynow.com/2015/11/16/doughboys-and-gas-american-chemical-weapons-in-world-war-one/

https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/wwi

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1914-1920/wwi

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1917-72PubDip

Ken Maley, coordinator of the San Francisco Armistice Centennial Commemoration, discusses Centennial Commemoration in San Francisco, a city with a strong link to the First World War. Additionally, other restorations are underway in the Bay Area, including memorials in San Francisco, Berkeley, and Carmel.

www.ww1cc.org/100cities

http://alwmcsf.org/world_war_one/

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/1914-war-begins-in-europe

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/1915-1916-swaying-american-opinion

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/1917-america-enters-the-world-war

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/american-women-in-the-war/

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/1917-1918-america-funds-its-war

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/industrial-scale-slaughter

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/1918-armistice-ends-world-war

www.alwmcsf.org/ww1/memorial-to-all-who-served

This week on Speaking WW1 -- where we explore words and phrases that are rooted in World War One -- Our phrase this week is “boot camp”, the slang term for military training camp.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/3087941?mag=doughboy-slang&seq=7#page_scan_tab_contents

http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-boo4.htm

For WW1 War Tech, this week we take a look at the U-Boat -- one of the most notorious battle machines to debut in the Great War.  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-boat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_warfare#World_War_I

https://www.warhistoryonline.com/guest-bloggers/the-dakota-hunter-nippons-2nd-attack-plan-on-x.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sea_Mine_Barrage

https://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/ww1-submarines.asp

https://mashable.com/2015/09/18/german-u-boat/#zM4hW0tivuqR

http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zq3q2hv

The headlines from this week’s Dispatch newsletter include stories about digitized WWI Newspapers at the Library of Congress, memorial poppies planted at the National Museum of the Marine Corps, a new exhibition at the Los Altos History Museum, a new WWI book by author Nancy Cramer, early investigations of PTSD, MIA doughboy 1st Lt. Leonard Charles Aitken, and an incredible photograph book by past podcast guest Jeff Lowdermilk.

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

Katherine Akey highlights our recent social media activity, including posts about ongoing archaeological efforts in France and Flanders, a promotional video for Traces of War, and an article from the Telegraph about the bizarre inventions of WWI.  

https://www.facebook.com/FlandersFields1418/posts/2603190469694660

https://www.facebook.com/FlandersFields1418/videos/2603065473040493/?hc_ref=ARRCrG55c5X9WQeQLPEOaa6sIfW0xET-0FsWgyqZa7CFhbEot4vxAzLP4uqsi-F5CV4

http://www.inflandersfields.be/en/traces-of-war-wwi-archaeology

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-one/11937199/Secrets-of-World-War-I-Papier-mache-heads-ponies-dressed-as-zebras-and-fluorescent-sea-lions.html

• 100 Years Ago This Week: German U-boats on the Eastern seaboard | @01:30

Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #75 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.

This week:

• Mike Schuster updates us on the fighting fronts around the world

And a whole lot more on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation.

I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show.

[MUSIC]

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

As we screened the stories running 100 years ago this week, in the NY times and the Official Bulletin, the government’s War Gazette - a major US domestic theme took front and center.

The germans were trying to bring the war to our shore! U-boats were cruising off our eastern seaboard, threatening our merchant shipping and sinking ships. Though the loss of life was minimum, the psychological effects were powerful… and the media was speaking to it.

With that as a setup, we are going to jump into our Centennial TIme Machine and go back 100 years ago this week in the War that changed the world!

[SOUND EFFECT]

[TRANSITION]

[SOUND EFFECT]

From the front page of the Official Bulletin - published by George Creel’s Committee for Public Information...

Dateline:  Monday, June 3, 1918

Headline: three American ships sunk off New Jersey coast by enemy submarines

Crews are rescued

And the stories reads:

Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels authorizes the following statement:

The Navy department has been informed that three American schooners have been sunk off this coast by enemy submarines.

The secretary’s statement closed with:

“The Navy department is taking the necessary steps to safeguard the shipping along the coast.”

The next day in the Bulletin

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline Tuesday, June 4, 1918

Headline: Navy announces - now five US ships sunk by submarines off Atlantic Coast

One life known lost

Steamship Carolina not heard from since reported under fire of U-boat Sunday afternoon.

Oil tanker among the vessels reported lost.

Later in the same issue of the Bulletin there is a first person account of the attack. It is an account of how these attacks went throughout the week -

Headline: Steamer Bristol chased by submarine after picking up Schooner Cole's crew; latter saw the second steamship sunk

And the story reads:

the captain of the Bristol reported:

"on June 2 at 4:30 PM, I cited a lifeboat with 11 men, the crew of the American schooner Edward H Cole, The Cole having been sunk by a submarine at 3:30 PM about 50 miles south east of Barnegat light."

"the crew of the Cole say the submarine was about 200 feet long and was armed with two 6 inch guns. About 3 PM the Cole sighted the submarine on the starboard bow about 2000 yards away.

He circled around and came up their port side. The submarine commander told the  captain and crew to get in their boats, saying that he was going to sink the vessel.

He then came aboard and examined the ships papers, and at the same time gave the captain 7 1/2 minutes to leave the ship.

About 15 minutes after the crew got away from the Cole it sank. Four bombs had been placed on the vessel, two on each side, and some were placed about the deck.

The submarine stayed until the crew rowed to the northwest."

One hour later, when we were about 4 miles from the submarine, another steamship appeared close up to the submarine, which fired five times before she altered her course".

On Wednesday another front page story in the bulletin

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline Wednesday, June 5, 1918

Headline: US destroyers stops U-boat attack on French steamer

Off Maryland coast

Warship also takes on board man from the Edward Bayard, bombed and sinking.

Another story in the same issue  lists 11 US ships reported to navy as sunk by submarines… The article goes on to read off the names of the ships the smallest of which was a 436 tons, schooner and the largest a steamship at 7200 tons.

From the NY times:

[SOUND EFFECT]

Headline: TEXEL sunk, 36 survivors landed

Former Dutch steamer attacked by a U-boat 60 miles from the city

Fired without warning

Shrapnel rained on deck, men reach Atlantic City lighthouse in small boats

And the story reads:

36 survivors of the steamer TEXEL, a former Dutch ship which recently had been operated by the United States shipping board, was sunk without warning, 60 miles off New York Harbor, Sunday afternoon at 4:21 p.m., The crew landed at a nearby lighthouse, just before midnight.

A cargo of 42,000 tons of sugar, valued at $20 a ton was lost. The total loss was more than $2 million.

The stories go on throughout the week and beyond with many articles providing first hand accounts of the attacks - many times, in attacking the unarmed merchant ships, the U-boats would fire warnings from guns, come aboard, examine papers, get the crews to abandon ship and blow them up with bombs rather than wasting torpedoes.

If the ships were armed or fought back - the submarines would stand off and torpedo them.

The general loss of life was not large, but the disruption to shipping in our eastern seaboard was profound.

We have posted a lot of our research links for you in the podcast notes. The most compelling are the many first person accounts of the attacks -   as the Germans bring the war to our shore -- 100 years ago this week in the war that changed the world.

Other naval stories

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/06/102706915.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707289.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706133.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/06/102706933.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706533.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706131.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705767.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704868.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704910.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705842.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705878.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706134.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706129.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706151.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706155.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706158.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706538.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706559.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706536.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707292.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707298.pdf

Fighting Front

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704870.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704865.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704860.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704879.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705775.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705771.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705775.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/03/102705780.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706126.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706529.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707272.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/06/102706968.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/06/102706910.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/06/102706903.pdf

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

This week for the War in the Sky 100 years ago, we can easily stay on the theme of the war at our shore

with two stories

and then

we head overseas to pick up the action there.

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline June 5 1918

Headline: City lights out in  air raid test

Aviators make observations preliminary to possible darkening of the streets.

Anti aircraft guns ready

System of siren signals arranged to warn people of danger from the skies

And the story reads:

Electric signs and all lights, except street lamps and lights in dwellings, were out in the city last night in compliance with orders issued by police Commissioner and at the suggestion of the war Department, as a precaution against a possible attack by aircraft from a German submarine.

While the probability of raids by aircraft from submarines is not considered to be great, officers of the Army and Navy urged that every precaution be taken. In spite of the difficulties attending such an operation, to assemble an airplane on a submarine and launch it for a raid is held to be far from impossible.

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline June 3, 1918

Headline: Aero club  wants more aviators to hunt U-boats here

And the story reads

Extension of the airplane mail service is to give long distance flight training to American aviators to fit them for seeking out submarines which now have appeared off the coast and for bombing German cities, This  was urged by the post office department today by a committee from the Aero club of America.

They said that they had been informed by the military authorities that there were plenty of training planes and that the war Department was more than willing to cooperate with the postal authorities in extending the air Mail service.

Meanwhile from the war in the skies over Europe:

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline June 2 1918

Headline: Campbell first Ace of America

California pilot honored as well as two others who flew with Lafayette corps.

Campbell Downs a fifth adversary

And the story reads:

The first American trained Ace has arrived. This morning Lieut. Douglas Campbell, of California, brought down his fifth Bausch plane in a fight back of our lines.

Besides Campbell, America has two other cases, maj. William Thaw and Capt. Peterson, but both Thaw and Peterson got their training in the Lafayette escadrille. Campbell on the other hand, never trained with any other outfit than the Americans, and never did any air fighting before he arrived on the American front a few weeks ago.

Campbell is the son of the chief astronomer of the lick Observatory, near Pasadena California. He joined the American air service after the United States entered the war and came to France and began practice flying last fall. He is 22 years old. He is the first to get the credit of being a Simon pure American Ace.

In a final story from the NY times we have a front line correspondent story about the allied air superiority in France.

Dateline June 7, 1918

Headline: air superiority rewon

Allied bombers operate with impunity on the French battlefront

"In the valley of the Savierre, our bombardment squadrons threw more than 17 tons of bombs on enemy troop concentrations." Says last nights communiqué. The New York Times correspondent today visited one of the finest aviation groups in the French army and learn a first-hand story of that exploit.

In the early afternoon, the airmen were informed that a large number of Germans were assembling in the valley of the Savierre, a little river whose course is almost parallel with the front. Owing to the configuration of the ground

they were sheltered from the fire of artillery and it was evident that they intended to reinforce the German move westward into the forest of Viller-cotterets.

A first squadron of Bomb planes were sent out.

Then a second...

At first, no Germans were visible, then circling low, the air men discovered the enemy hiding in the horseshoe woods on the Eastern side of the valley.

Again the German battalions were subjected to a terrible bombardment amidst trees that gave no protection.

Before the decimated units could reform the first squadron had returned with a new load and once more the wood was filled with the roar of explosion. No human morale could stand such triple strain. In vain, the German officers tried to reform their panic stricken men. When the French infantry counter attacked they had an easy victory over the weakened forces that had made the advance.

And those are some of the stories --

100 years ago this week

From the war in the sky!

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707275.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/04/102706151.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/02/102704861.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/05/102706536.pdf

[SOUND EFFECT]

Let’s move on to the great war project with Mike Shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War project blog.

Mike, your post this week includes a very interesting and relatively unknown skirmish near the village of Montsec - when the US forces get thrown off a hill there for one night and the germans use that for propaganda that the American’s can’t fight. Of course that turns out quite incorrect, but things are far from rosy at this point, aren’t they Mike!

That’s true Theo! The headlines this week read...

[thanks Theo - The headlines read]

[MIKE POST]

Mike Shuster, curator for the Great War Project blog. The link to his post is in the podcast notes

LINK:

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/06/03/a-million-americans-now-in-france/

Now for - America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI with Dr. Edward Lengel.

The Americans turn out to be fierce fighters -- despite all initial uncertainty coming from their French and British allies - and of course the German propaganda that these are not fighters.  Ed’s here to tell us about how one division, the 3rd, proved their worth in battle -- Ed?

[ED LENGEL]

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

Dr. Edward Lengel is an American military historian, author, and our segment host for America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI.

There are links in the podcast notes to Ed’s post and his web sites as an author.  

Links:http://www.edwardlengel.com/chateau-thierry-american-machine-gunners-action-1918/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

[SOUND EFFECT]

And that’s what was happening 100 Years ago this week  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW -

[SOUND EFFECT]

This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI!

https://militaryhistorynow.com/2018/05/27/the-war-that-changed-the-world-americas-ww1-centennial-commission-gears-up-for-a-summer-of-commemorations/

With the centennial of the Armistice, only 6 months away, the US WW1 Centennial Commission is preparing for a national commemoration of this very significant moment, November 11, 2018.

Of course “Armistice Day” has evolved into Veterans day, but this year, it is is marked with very special significance as the centennial of the END of WWI!

Meredith Carr, the Deputy Director of the US WW1 Centennial Commission is heading up the initiative of what will happen on November 11th and we thought it would be great to have her come on the show and give us a heads up on what we can expect, both in Washington DC and around the nation… indeed maybe around the world!

Meredith! Welcome to the podcast.

[greetings/welcome]

Meredith - I gotta go for a little insider info for the audience - Way back in 2013, Meredith used to “host” a weekly conference call for various organizations planning the WWI centennial - and that very same call evolved into this podcast! So welcome home Meredith!

[comment]

Let’s talk through some of the events the Commission has planned to commemorate the end of WW1 on November 11th this year--

Can you start by telling us about the event at Washington’s National cathedral?

You’ve got another program that EVERYONE around the country can participate in - a bell tolling - can you tell us about that?

I know it is early - and plans are just coming together and we will be having you on again over the coming months but is there anything else you can tell us about today? [Pershing park activities in planning]

Meredith - thank you for joining us and giving a preview of coming attraction for the upcoming centennial of the WWI armistice.

[thanks/goodbyes]

Follow the links in the podcast notes to learn more about upcoming WW1 commemoration events across the country.

Links: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/participate/state-organizations/state-websites/others-pending.html

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/commemorate/event-map-system.html

A Century in the Making is our on-going narrative about the National World War One Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington DC.

This week, CBS News radio is running a story where host  Chas Henry - Himself a retired US Marine Corps Captain - did an extended interview for CBS Eye On Veterans with Commissioner Edwin Fountain, and memorial designer Joe Weishaar recorded AT pershing park.

The segment will air

Saturday June 9th between 6-8 pm Eastern

and again Sunday June 10th between 2 and 4pm Eastern.

 You’ll find the interview around 34 minutes into the show and it runs for nearly 25 minutes - an interesting perspective on the Memorial not to be missed. Here is a brief introduction with Host  Chas Henry.

[RUN CLIP]

For this week’s commemoration events section - we are very pleased to welcome Dr. Peter Jakab, chief curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC--

Welcome, Dr. Jakab!

[welcomes/greetings]

Dr. Jakab - Let me start by asking you about curation - WW1 is this incredibly important moment for flight technology -- with many planes and materials from the era lost to time! How do you approach this very complex period in aviation history?

The National Air and Space Museum is hosting this wonderful exhibit called “Artist Soldiers” -- It is a great exhibit - and not particularly about flight - so how did this show end up at the National Air and Space Museum?

You have an upcoming MUSICAL event called, "The Yanks Are Coming:" The Songs of World War I

Could you tell us about it?

Does the museum have any specific activities planned for the Armistice centennial this November?

Katherine noted that the Museum has great ways for people who are not in Washington to enjoy your content - could you tell our audience a bit about how they can enjoy the museum in other ways?

Dr. Jakab - Thank you so much for all the great focus you are bringing to the centennial of WWI and for coming on the podcast to tell us about it!

[thank you/goodbyes]

Dr. Peter Jakab is the chief curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC. Learn more about the museum and its WW1 programs and exhibitions at the links in the podcast notes.

Links:https://airandspace.si.edu/events/yanks-are-coming-songs-world-war-i

https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/artist-soldiers

https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/pre-1920-aviation

https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/legend-memory-and-great-war-air

This week in Updates from the States -- we’re headed to a state we don’t automatically associate with WWI --- Pershing, and Pancho Via - yes - but WWI - not so much… It’s New Mexico, the Land of Enchantment! To tell us about New Mexico and WWI is Jeff Lowdermilk, deputy chairman of the New Mexico WW1 Centennial Commission

Jeff - welcome to the podcast!

[greetings/welcome]

Jeff -- let me start with your state and WWI - You were just 2 years old with WWI broke out! what was New Mexico like 100 years ago, and how did it participate in the war effort?

Jeff.. The New Mexico WWI commission was only recently established… Can you tell us about that?

What kinds of programs are the Commission planning?

Well, you just recently launched the New Mexico state website at ww1cc.org/nm or ww1cc.org/newmexico - all one word - lower case -- what can people expect to find there?

Jeff: As a side note - briefly - because we are almost out of time, you recently published a book; Honoring The Doughboys: Following My Grandfather’s WWI Diary, where you retraced you Grandfather journey in europe. Can you give us an overview?

Where is the book available?

[thanks/goodbyes]

The New Mexico in WWI website can be found at ww1cc.org/newmexico - all one word - all lower case… Jeff Lowdermilk is an author and the deputy chairman of the New Mexico WW1 Centennial Commission.  Learn more about the New Mexico WW1 Centennial Commission by going to their website or by following the links in the podcast notes.

Link: www.ww1cc.org/newmexico

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/4567-five-questions-for-jeff-lowdermilk.html

Moving on to our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment

about the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials.

This week we are crossing the Pacific to Honolulu Hawaii!

Now Hawaii has been in the news for week with the volcano eruptions on the Big Island - which is not, for those of you who have not been lucky enough to go there - where the capital of Honolulu is located.

Hawaii was also in the news 100 years ago this week, when on June 4th, 1918 the secretary of War announced with a headline that read:

HAWAIIAN NATIONAL GUARDS

ADD 3,200 MEN TO ARMY

Now Hawaii was not even a state yet, but a force of 3,200 men were to be added to the Army from a proclamation by President Wilson placing the Hawaiian National Guard in service

Now they were not planning to send this force to France - but rather to relieve forces that the US army had stationed there - freeing them up  for deployment.

According to the article in the Official Bulletin - That Hawaiian force was  genuinely cosmopolitan with native Hawaiians, Americans, Filipinos, Chinese-Americans, Japanese - Americans and more…

After the war - Hawaii dedicated a large swimming venue as a WWI memorial - it is called the Natatorium - and here to tell us about the venue, its restoration and its designation as a WWI Centennial Memorial is Donna Ching, Vice chairman of Hawaii's World War I centennial task force.

She is also vice president of the Friends of the Natatorium, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the preservation of the ocean pool known as Hawaii's 'living war memorial'

Donna, Welcome to the Podcast!

You know, I think most people have never thought about Hawaii and WWI - But there are really a surprising numbers of connections…  underestimate Hawaii's role in WW1 - by how much would you say?

Donna, can you start by telling us the history of Hawaii “Living Memorial”?

QUESTION: I hear…. that you have big plans for the armistice centennial coming up on 11/11.

QUESTION: Thank you Donna, for talking with us and sharing the story of Hawaii incredible living memorial!

There has been a big fight going between preserving and tearing down this really beautiful venue - how’s that going?

Your 100 Cities / 100 Memorials grant application was in large part built around informing your community about the importance of the venue -  rather than for restoration directly. Has the designation as a National WWI Centennial Memorial helped?

What’s next for the project?

Donna - It’s a great story - About Hawaii, about the centennial, about the armistice and for me - most important about passion for local heritage driven by WWI - thanks for sharing it with us!

[goodbyes/thank you]

Donna L. Ching, Vice chairman of Hawaii's World War I centennial task force . Learn more about the 100 Cities/100 Memorials program by following the link in the podcast notes.

Links: www.ww1cc.org/100cities

And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick?

Exhibits, Posters and More

I want to share a couple great resources and exhibits this week! In the fall, we let you know about the Department of Homeland Security's WWI Poster Series, which highlights the historic roles of the DHS components -- to include Immigration & Naturalization Service, Customs & Border Protection, Secret Service, Coast Guard, and legacy agencies. Well, the folks at DHS have now published these great poster files on their website -- so that the public can easily access them! They’re a wonderful, free educational resource -- check them out at the link in the podcast notes.

Additionally, there’s a new exhibit open at the Library of Virginia in the state’s capital, Richmond. The exhibit “"True Sons of Freedom" explores the stories of Virginia's African American soldiers who served during World War I -- and will be on view to the public through November 9, 2018. I’ve included a link to the exhibit’s website as well as to a video tour of the exhibit in the podcast notes. The exhibit’s website is a great resource for anyone who can’t quite make it to Richmond -- it include profiles of dozens of Virginian men who served.

Finally -- this week included June 6th, well known as the anniversary of the WW2 landings at Normandy, D-Day. But June also marks the anniversary of some of the most bloody and intense fighting American soldiers have ever faced -- the fighting at Belleau Wood. The battle forged the modern day Marine Corps -- and you can, and should, read the article recently put out in the Washington Post and included in the podcast notes -- it highlights the fighting from 100 years ago and contextualizes its importance to the modern day.

That’s it for this week in the Buzz.

Link:https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/our-history/world-war-i-centennial-commemorative-poster-series

https://www.facebook.com/LibraryofVA/videos/10155505095947227/?hc_ref=ARSOicdS9Bv7HrYGe-RfUptXbIhmIpH4aJfhdl0W2mZaBr_cGrLnGos2AlwORMfTbSw

http://truesons.virginiamemory.com/

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/05/31/the-battle-of-belleau-wood-was-bloody-deadly-and-forgotten-but-it-forged-a-new-marine-corps/

And that wraps up episode #75

of WW1 Centennial News.

Thank you so much for joining us.

We also want to thank our guests...

• Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog

Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our hard working sound editor

I’m Theo Mayer your host.

The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1.

Our programs are to--

inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast!

We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;

We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;

and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.

We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.

The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers, bloggers, reporters and writers.

You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify, using your smart speaker.. By saying “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube - just search for our WW1 Centennial youtube channel.

Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial.

Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget

to share the stories

you are hearing here today

about the war that changed the world!

[music]

Hey - in closing we just want to welcome all our new summer interns at the US WWI Centennial Commission. Hey Gunny - we haven’t heard from you you in a long time - I hear you want to welcome the interns.

That’s right you maggot - OK Intern’s listen up!

Welcome to WWI Centennial BOOT CAMP - I don’t wanna see any of you trying to spit polish your tennis shoes - Got it? Dismmised

So long!

• June 1918 Overview roundtable - Dr. Edward Lengel, Katherine Akey, Theo Mayer | @01:35

Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #74 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.

This week:

• Dr. Edward Lengel, Katherine Akey and I sit down for our
  

And a whole lot more on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation.

I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show.

[MUSIC]

The first week of every month, we invite you to our preview roundtable where Dr. Ed lengel, Katherine Akey and I talk about the upcoming month and the key events that happened 100 years ago.  The question on the table as we sat down was, “ what WERE the big stories and themes in June 1918… What follows is our conversation.

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

[TRANSITION]

[Ed Lengel, Katherine Akey, Theo Mayer take an overview of June 1918]

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

Let’s move on to the great war project with Mike Shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War project blog.

Mike - in your post this week you talk about Pershing telling the Allies that the American Forces would not really be ready till the end of the year - maybe not until 1919 - which totally freaks everyone out. The French are quite certain that they cannot last till then, aren’t they Mike?

[MIKE POST]

Mike Shuster, curator for the Great War Project blog. The link to his post is in the podcast notes

LINK:

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/05/27/americans-not-ready-until-1919/

[SOUND EFFECT]

And that’s what was happening 100 Years ago  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW -

[SOUND EFFECT]

This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI

This past weekend we celebrated Memorial Day -- and WWI commemorations were front and center in communities all across the country. The Commission had a pretty busy weekend as well!

First of all we had a float to commemorate the centennial of WWI in the National Memorial Day parade in Washington, DC. Besides being joined by  a number of very cool WW1-era trucks and vehicles, General John J. Pershing himself -- and a bunch of reenactors - We also introduced America’s National WWI Memorial -- asking crowds - “Did you know that every major war of the 20th century has a Memorial in the Nation’s capitol except WWI?” The unbelieving shock at this revelation was pretty universal. Everyone assumes that there is one! But there’s not

[video clip of anchors]

[SOUND EFFECT]

Now New York City always has quite a Memorial Day - Besides their own parade, the Navy coming to town for the much beloved Fleet week - this year the Commission was instrumental in sponsoring a very special event for the occasion.

The musicians of the 369th Experience brought turn-of-the-century ragtime and Jazz onto the decks of the USS Intrepid at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum at  Manhattan’s Pier 86.

Carrying on the legacy of the famous Harlem Hellfighters Regimental band, the 369th Experience pulled together talented modern-day musicians from  HBCU’s - Historically black colleges and universities, all around the country.

The musicians competed to participate in this 369th regimental band tribute -- and a number of amazing and amazed young men came to New York for a truly memorable experience!

[Video clip from PIX 11 News]

We collected the social media posts about the 369th Regiment, regimental band and the Memorial day concerts from everywhere, and put them in a special gallery at ww1cc.org/369th or follow the various links in the podcast notes to learn more.

Links:

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/369th-experience-gallery.html

http://pix11.com/2018/05/28/young-jazz-musicians-recreate-music-of-harlem-hellfighters/

www.IntrepidMuseum.org

https://www.369experience.com/

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/369th-experience.html

This week For Remembering Veterans -- We want to end the month of May-- which is Asian Pacific American Heritage Month-- with a focus on Indian American immigrants in WW1.

Our guest for this segment has an unusual background in his WWI expertise… He has become one of the leading “ Go To Guys” when it comes to indian participation in WWI.  He just graduated as the Ronald E. McNair Scholar from St. Lawrence University - but before that - he was an intern at our own World War One Centennial Commission. His name is Tanveer Kalo, Tanveer, thank you for joining us!

[greetings]

[Tanveer-- it is so exciting to see an intern from the commission continuing their passion fanned to flame by that experience. Can you tell us the story of of your intern experience and how it shaped this interest of yours in the Indian American experience of a hundred years ago?]

[When you interned, you helped the noted journalist Suruchi Mohan

put together one of our publishing partner site called Vande Mataram and dedicated to the Indian American experience.]

[The site features the story of the “Hindoo” conspiracy -- can give us an overview of the incident?]

[You recently wrote up a profile on Dr. Bhagat Singh Thind -- who was he, and why did you choose to focus on his story?]

[Tanveer… What’s next on your horizon?]

[Tanveer - we are all very proud and excited about your growing work and recognition in this area. Thank you so much for coming in and speaking with us today!]

[goodbyes/thanks]

Tanveer Kalo just graduated as the Ronald E. McNair Scholar from St. Lawrence University and a former WW1 Centennial Commission Intern. Read his articles and learn more about Indian American service in WW1 at the links in the podcast notes.

Links:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/strange-nexus-indians-germans-the-great-trial.html

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/4310-re-discovering-the-unknown-world-war-i-s-south-asian-soldiers-in-the-us-military.html

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/indians-who-served.html

In a special Remembering WWI segment -- we’re going to hear about a very touching and heartfelt tribute made by Belgian refugee children from one hundred years ago. For this, we are joined by Nancy Heingartner, the Assistant Director for Outreach at the University of Wisconsin 

Madison's Institute for Regional and International Studies. Nancy also happens to be the great-granddaughter of Alexander Heingartner, the U.S. Consul in liege, Belgium, in 1915. Her discoveries in a family attic has gifted her with a very special collection of letters sent to Alexander Heingartner -- letters of thanks -- from Belgian school children 100 years ago.

Nancy - welcome to the podcast!

[greetings/welcome]

[Nancy, could you start off by telling us a bit about your great-grandfather? Was he in Belgium when the war broke out?]

[The children writing him letters were thanking him for the support and provisions given to them by the Commission for Relief in Belgium -- Now that was the organization that was led by a young engineer and mining consultant named Herbert Hoover - what is that Commission, and how was your Great-Grandfather involved in it?]

[Tell us about the letters! We’re audio only, but we hear that they are really delicate and beautiful objects.]

[What are your plans for the letters now?]

[thanks/goodbyes]

Nancy Heingartner is the Assistant Director for Outreach at the University of Wisconsin, Madison's Institute for Regional and International Studies. Learn more about her discoveries by following the links in the podcast notes.

Link: https://www.facebook.com/usembassybelgium/photos/a.119544323109.103769.39878083109/10153509217488110/?type=3&theater

https://hoover.archives.gov/exhibits/years-compassion-1914-1923

https://www.hoover.org/events/glory-and-gratitude-united-states

https://airandspace.si.edu/events/world-war-i-legacy-letters-and-belgian-war-lace

Moving on to our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment

about the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials.

This week we’re profiling a project from Bismarck, North Dakota - it is the capital city of North Dakota located on the bluffs of the Missouri River..

With us to tell us more about the World War Memorial Building project is Susan Wefald, vice chair of the North Dakota World War I Centennial Committee, an active volunteer, and a retired elected state official.

Susan, Welcome to the Podcast!

[Susan, your project involves a WWI memorial building rather than a statue or a monument. What made your community decide to build a WWI memorial building in 1929?]

[In its early years, the building housed the state legislature for a time, how did that come about?]

[Susan, you have clearly been the spearhead for a lobby restoration efforts, how did you get involved.]

[Has there been any community reaction to the site being selected as a WWI Centennial Memorial site?]

[What stage is the work at?]

[Do you plan a rededication?]

Thank you Susan for coming in and telling us about the project.

[goodbyes/thank you]

Susan Wefald is vice chair of the North Dakota World War I Centennial Committee. Learn more about the 100 Cities/100 Memorials program by following the link in the podcast notes.

Links: www.ww1cc.org/100cities

Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  ---

After April 6th of last year, we started talking about the Cantonments that the US government was building all around the country to train our millions of new recruits.

Everybody got the idea that Cantonments were big ol’ training camps from the context we used it in  - All the historians. and military experts around me were using the word like it was something I should have known - but you know, when I started asking around, who the heck uses the term Cantonment on a regular basis!?

Seriously - turn out that the word cantonment comes from a 16th century middle french term for a corner or angle - which leads to an area - then a section of land - then a segment of a region -

By 1917, Cantonment was the name for a permanent military camp or garrisons -- and for World War One

the US built some 30 of these camps to accommodate the training for our new army.

Cantonment -  but a pretty esoteric term for my money!  - this week’s word for Speaking WWI

Links:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonment

[SOUND EFFECT]

Now for WW1 War Tech -- This week we’re looking at one of the truly horrific ww1 weapons - tweaked up by the Germans and called - Der FlammenWerfer - which quite literally translated as the flame thrower.  100 years ago as the Americans entered the fray at Cantigny, French flamethrower troops were part of the offensive forces used against the Germans.

Now The idea of the flamethrower goes WAY back… to the 5th century BC, with some of the earliest working examples dating back to the Byzantine era --- by the 1st century AD hand-pumped flamethrowers on board ships were being used and known as Greek Fire.

The more contemporary version of the weapon was developed in the early 1900s by the German inventor Richard Fiedler. There were two types, the Kleinflammenwerfer and the Grossflammenwerfer, which appropriate to very  literal nature of the german language means the small flame thrower and big flame thrower. The small ones were one-man portable backpack devices and the large ones were three-man, big hose, big pressure, long throw monsters.

Although it was initially placed into the German arsenal in 1911, the flamethrower wasn’t used extensively until the summer of 1915. The shock, fear and terror caused by the cascading sheets of fire led to quite a panic among the defenders.

It really is a horribly grizzly weapon!

And like so many other devastations of  WWI, the Allies quickly began developing their own flame throwing machines.

Meanwhile, flamethrower operators typically do not live very long. The first threat is not from the enemy but from potential fatal malfunctions of the weapon

-- after all, with the portable ones, you were essentially carrying around an explosive backpack

with a lit fuse.

- with the big ones - well it’s just sort of nutty to squirt huge quantities of flammable liquids out a nozzle and then light it on fire…  

Enemy gunfire is a pretty big threat too  - You know that nicely lit-up guy with the flame stick -- well he’s just a natural target to shoot at first.

The Flammenwerfer - another horrific WWI weapon and this week’s subject for WWI War Tech  -- Learn more at the links in the podcast notes.

Link:http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/flamethrowers.htm

https://mashable.com/2016/02/04/wwi-flamethrowers/#r9GQDQ6KUqq7

For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter.

[DING]

Headline: In DC Memorial Day Parade, heir to the Pie Man from Georgetown recalls efforts which provided ‘Dough for the Doughboys’

Writer Anthony Hayes, in  the Baltimore Post Examiner tells the amazing World War I history behind the quaint pie truck-- a black Model T box truck – replete with it’s creamy-white “Connecticut – Copperthite Pie Company” WWI logo.

[DING]

Headline: POLITICO article offers in-depth look at current status of new national World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington, DC

POLITICO published a broad-ranging and insightful article on May 28 that takes a hard look at the obstacles facing  progress of the new national World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington, DC, and the opportunities which may emerge from moving forward on the project in the coming months.

[DING]

Headline: Lowdermilk book aims to "shine the light of awareness" of WWI for next generation

Upon receiving the diary of his grandfather, a World War I veteran,

writer and photographer Jeffrey Lowdermilk

was inspired to honor his grandfather’s memory by taking the same journey across Europe.

mLearn about his book, Honoring The Doughboys: Following My Grandfather’s WWI Diary.

[DING]

Headline: "There But Not There" silhouettes honor WWI fallen, and support military charities

A new nationwide campaign to commemorate the centennial of World War One and raise funds for military charities was launched across the United States this week -- read the article titled…  There But Not There

[DING]

Headline: This week in the WWrite Blog: I Never Saw Him Drowning: Great-Uncle Charlie and the Great War

Philip Metres tells the story of his Great-Uncle Charlie, his veteran father, and of his own exploration of war through writing and poetry.

[DING]

Finally, our  selection

from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -  

this week, it’s centennial key tag, inscribed with -  nothing can stop these men!

Inspired by an original World War One poster, this key tag features the dramatic image of a bayonet advance on the enemy, with the United States flag in the upper corner. You can get it at in our official Merchandise store by following the links in our weekly newsletter the Dispatch…

Subscribe by going to ww1cc.org/subscribe or follow

the link in the podcast notes

Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick?

We have so many photo albums, links and articles to share with everyone from Memorial Day weekend! In the podcast links you’ll find photos and reports from the American Battle Monuments Commission and the US Army Center of Military History -- both of whom participated in the Grand Opening ceremony of the new Visitors Center at the American Monument in Chateau-Thierry, France on Sunday May 27th. You’ll also find links to videos of the Memorial Day commemorations at the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial and of WW1 Centennial Commissioner Monique Seefried speaking from the fields of the Meuse Argonne. There’s also an article from NPR about the temporary Poppy memorial set up on the National Mall over the weekend -- 645,000 synthetic flowers — one for each American killed in an international conflict since the start of World War I — pressed against acrylic panels and backlit.

Finally -- the team behind the film Sgt Stubby: An American Hero have teamed up with the American Legion to bring the film to communities across the country! Fun Academy Motion Pictures is offering American Legion posts nationwide opportunities to screen the critically acclaimed animated film beginning Memorial Day weekend and continuing through Veterans Day with the help of veterans-outreach nonprofit VetFlicks.org. Read more about it, and how to organize a screening in your local American Legion Post, by following the link in the podcast notes.

That’s it for this week in the Buzz.

Link:https://www.facebook.com/100ansUSenHauteMarne/posts/1780423115382053

https://www.facebook.com/armyhistory/posts/10156495210877853

https://www.facebook.com/HQUSAFE/videos/10156442806307020/?hc_ref=ARTUh_hefefiOubK-738wZeip6G9XIN5T7Qefh2TDJsAj-Gc0ykJwwc7bgYc0EmiBfw

https://www.facebook.com/pg/abmcpage/photos/?tab=album&album_id=1919925101359525

https://www.facebook.com/armyhistory/videos/10156495401912853/?hc_ref=ARRhGVsBtjxBa9_pZMMq663_RS8rvAZ0hs57B7zYaGHKkQqnRCf3Ge1zk84hdqwcKHQ

https://www.facebook.com/NPR/posts/10156950318706756

https://www.legion.org/honor/242035/sgt-stubby-american-hero-screenings-offered-american-legion-posts

And that wraps up the last week of May

for WW1 Centennial News.

Thank you so much for joining us.

We also want to thank our guests...

• Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog

Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our hard working sound editor

who makes us all sound like we never make mistakes ---

And of course I never do!

I’m Theo Mayer your host.

The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1.

Our programs are to--

inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast!

We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;

We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;

and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.

We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.

The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers, bloggers, reporters and writers.

You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify, using your smart speaker.. By saying “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube - just search for our WW1 Centennial youtube channel.

Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial.

Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget

to share the stories

you are hearing here today

about the war that changed the world!

[music]

In closing, We have a discovered fact that is very strange but true…

Did you know that there are over 26,000 people in the united states that tend to use the word “cantonment” multiple times a week, and have for decades - Yup - and they all live near pensacola, Florida in, you guessed it - the only town in the US called cantonment.

So long!

• 100 years ago this week: Drafting the young and the “idlers” | @01:15

Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #73 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.

This week:

• Mike Schuster and Dr Edward Lengel fill us in on the action at Cantigny

All on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation.

I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show.

[MUSIC]

Although we know that the fighting in WWI is going to end this coming November - 100 years ago this week, the world did not!

The United States continues on it’s war effort, changing industry, society and nearly every aspect of life in the country.

This includes continuing to draft young men into the military service. With that in mind, let’s jump into our Centennial Time Machine and go back 100 years to see what’s leading in the news this week 100 years ago in the War that Changed the World!

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

[SOUND EFFECT]

[TRANSITION]

[SOUND EFFECT

From the pages of the Official Bulletin - the government’s war gazette - published by George Creel and the Committee on Public information - our government propaganda ministry, this week the headlines are full renewed vigor for pushing the war effort forward!

I want to stop and give you a note we have not mentioned for many weeks: The US WWI Centennial Commission is republishing this amazing primary source of information on what the US Government was thinking, saying and promoting 100 years ago. We re-publish a  new issue, every day on the centennial of its original publication date… So if you want to read the governments daily newspaper (except Sunday of course), go to ww1cc.org/bulletin and you can follow the war effort in a wholly unique and very interesting way.

[SOUND EFFECT]

DATELINE: Tuesday, May 21, 1918

Today the headline of the Official Bulletin reads:

President, in opening Red Cross campaign, calls German peace approaches insincere; no limit on size of Army going to France!

In the story President Woodrow Wilson says: Quote:

There are two duties with which we are face to face.

The first duty is to win the war, and the second duty,

that goes hand in hand with it, is to win it greatly and worthily,

showing the real quality of not only our power,

but the real quality of our purpose and of ourselves.

Of course, the first duty, the duty that we must keep in the foreground of all of our thoughts until it is accomplished, is to win the war.

I have heard gentleman recently say that we must get 5 million men ready. I ask, why limited to 5 million?

He continues with:

We are not diverted from the grim purpose of winning the war by any insincere approaches upon the subject of peace. I can say with a clear conscience that I have tested those imitations, and have found them insincere.

The president goes on to describe the full commitment and focus of the nation to carry out our mission. All this prefaces a proclamation the President will make the very next day - setting up a new call to arms to young men who have turned 21, and to all men who are not engaged directly in the war effort as you are about to hear.

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline, Tuesday, May 21, 1918

President’s proclamation fixing June 5 as date for registering young men who have reached the age of 21 during the past year

Only persons exempt are the officers and enlisted men in naval and military service

The  proclamation includes:

It is resolved by the Senate and House representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled that during the present emergency all male persons, citizens of the United States, and all male persons residing in the United States, who have, since the fifth day of June 1917, and on or before the day set for the registration, attained the age of 21 years, shall be subject to registration in accordance with the regulations to be prescribed by the President, stating the time and place of such registration. It shall be the duty of all such persons, except such persons as are exempt from registration, to present themselves for and submit to registration under the provisions of set act approved May 18, 1917.

The guy in charge of pulling off this new draft registration is the Provost Marshall - a General Enoch Herbert Crowder from Missouri. He seemed determined not to let anything slip by as the next article illustrates:

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline Thursday, May 23, 1918

A headline in the New York Times reads:

Work or fight, warning to all on draft rolls

Gen. Crowder issues sweeping order aimed at idlers and those in non-useful pursuits.

Goes into effect on July 1

Includes gamblers, waiters, service, store clerks, elevator men, and those with no occupation.

Maybe blow to baseball.

In the article it reads:

Idlers, unemployed and those of draft age not engaged in a central or useful employment will be rounded up for military service unless they apply themselves at some sort of labor that will dovetail into the plans of the administration for winning the war. All such youths of draft age we'll either have to serve in the army or work.

There is resistance to the draft around the nation, but for the most part, the young men of America join up, and loyally help the war effort in the best way they can - and they are put on notice…  100 years ago this week. in the war that changed the world.

See the May 20 to may 24 issues of the official bulletin at ww1cc.org/bulletin and see other links in the podcast notes.

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

Also - One hundred years ago this week, the war in the sky takes a turn for America, not on the battlefields of europe but in the halls of administration back home.

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline May 20, 1918

A headline of The New York Times reads:

Wilson recasts aviation service

Takes all control of operations and production away from signal core

President acts under the Overman law to bring about improvements in the situation

Pres. Wilson today took what he regards as definitive action towards the improvement of the Army aircraft program when he issued a presidential order stripping the chief signal corps officer of the Army, Major Gen. George O. Squier, of every function pertaining to aircraft and aviation.

The functions were transferred to two new offices,

Bureau of military aeronautics and

The bureau of aircraft production

Created directly under the Secretary of War.

“The signal Corps”, said Sec. Baker this afternoon, “will now have only to do with signals, and nothing to do with any phase of the production or use of aircraft.”

The order gives Brigadier General William Kenley all of the property pertaining to the use of aircraft and all money in connection therewith.

This development essentially creates the US Army Air Corps.

Our regular listeners may remember from our March 9,  episode #62 - how the Signal Corps, one of the real technology innovators  was also the founding pioneer in the use of aircraft for the military… Here is a clip from Episode #62

[change sound EQ]

By the turn of the century the US Army Signal Corps had taken on a leadership role not just with visual signalling but also with the telegraph, telephone, cable communications, meteorology, combat photography and had even sprouted an aeronautical and aviation section.

Nearly a decade before American Forces engaged the enemy, the wright brothers made test flights of the army’s first airplane built to Signal Corps’ specifications. Tests appropriately performed at Fort Myers. Army aviation stayed with the Signal Corps until May of 1918, when the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps is transformed by President Wilson’s  Executive order, into the Army Air Service - the forerunner of the United States Air Force.

Well, that moment in May of 1918 is now… driven partially by the previous “scandals” about the effectiveness of US investment in its airplane development, production and training, and partially by the fact the aircraft - once seen primarily as reconnaissance devices are taking on a strategic offensive warcraft role - now put under the US Army Air Service and later to become the US Air Force.

A transition that takes a major turn this week 100 years ago in the war in the sky.

Timeline:

• Aeronautical Division, Signal Corps (1 August 1907 – 18 July 1914)

http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/airserv1.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Air_Force#World_War_I_and_between_wars

https://media.defense.gov/2010/Oct/13/2001329759/-1/-1/0/AFD-101013-008.pdf

NYTimes Air Service Articles

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/21/102703124.pdf

This week, 100 years ago in the war on the Western Front-- the American forces attack for the first time at Cantigny, in France. Both Mike Shuster and Ed Lengel tell us the story of the battle, a first test of American mettle-- but they each explore the event using different sources. So this week, we are going to blend the together the Great War Project with Mike Shuster - and America Emerges with Dr. Edward Lengel into a single story about the battle of Cantigny.

[MIKE SHUSTER]

[ED LENGEL]

Mike Shuster, is a former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project blog and Dr. Edward Lengel is an American military historian, author, and our segment host for America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI.

There are links in the podcast notes to both their sites.

LINK - Mike Shuster:

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/05/20/pounded-to-hell-and-gone/

LINK - Dr. Edward Lengel http://www.edwardlengel.com/assault-cantigny-1918-u-s-army-comes-age/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

Updates on fighting front in the NY Times

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/21/102703093.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/22/102703392.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/21/102703022.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/21/102703024.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/21/102703021.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/23/102703788.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/24/102704171.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/24/102704174.pdf

This week the Great War Channel on Youtube released a wonderful bio episode on the US Marine Corps’ legendary Dan Daly - the recipient of two Medals of Honor and probably deserving of more. The episode is called: The Fightin-est Marine - Dan Daly:

[RUN CLIP - INDY NEIDELL]

To see the whole clip, search for  “the great war” on youtube or follow the link in the podcast notes!

Link:https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar

And that’s the news from 100 Years ago this week  - so now let’s fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW -

[SOUND EFFECT]

This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI!

This week in Commission News -- we want to highlight a special Memorial Day centennial event happening in New York City! It’s the 369th Experience -- Three musical performances depicting the African American and Puerto Rican experience in World War I through the eyes and ears of the 369th U.S. Infantry Regimental band.

Named by their German enemies as the HellFighters, the “Harlem Hellfighters", the 369th regiment was formed out of the volunteer 15th New York National Guard. While they were “Over There” fought heroically and ferociously in the trenches of France - under french command - through some of the most brutal combat, in some of the most important battles, of the entire war. Their story is a powerful one as they faced staunch racism during training, in a segregated military and sadly- after their exemplary performance as American Soldiers…. on their return home from the war.

The 369th famously had as part of their unit a regimental military band -- made up of some of the most influential & talented musicians of their day.

The military band became legendary for their unique sound, and their warm reception by the people of the war-torn regions “over there” -- under the care of band leader, Major James Reese Europe,they introduced French listeners to American jazz, and ushered in the Jazz Age in europe.

Carrying on their legacy, the 369th Experience pulls together talented modern-day musicians from colleges around the country. They competed to participate in a 369th tribute - which will perform and highlight the original band’s music This Memorial Day Weekend. The U.S. World War One Centennial Commission is proud to sponsor the performances by the 369th EXPERIENCE  at the USS Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum Complex in New York. The concerts are free and are sure to be awesome!

If you are in the big apple this memorial day weekend - perhaps attending fleet week - Performances are schedule for Sunday, May 27th, at 1:00 pm and on Monday at

1:30pm & 3:30 pm at the USS Intrepid.

There are reference links in the podcast notes and we will be doing a follow up story next week to tell you how it went.

Links: www.IntrepidMuseum.org

https://www.369experience.com/

http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/369th-experience.html

For this week’s Spotlight on the Media -- we are turning our attention back onto the President of the United States during World War One, Woodrow Wilson. We’re joined by Professor Patricia O’Toole, a biographer and professor emerita in the School of the Arts at Columbia University and author of three acclaimed biographies including her new book: The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made

Welcome to the podcast!

[welcome/greetings]

[Patricia - let we start with an overview question - Woodrow Wilson doesn't  always show up on the list of the most important presidents in US history - Do you think he was? And why?]

[When you call Wilson “the moralist” -- what do you mean?]

[He was also one of the few “professional” ]

[Wilson seems like a bundle of contrasting ideas -  He campaigns with - He keep us out of war” - but then leads the nation to war.

He wants America to fight for freedom and liberty - but he nationalized industries, gags dissent and attacks freedom of speech...so the question is - How do all these contrasting ideas reconcile?]

[This is a man who had a huge effect on the nation and indeed on the world - what would you say his most remarkable achievement was as a President?]

[President Wilson is, of course, an ongoing key character on this podcast, what else should we understand about Wilson --- to help us keep it all --- and him in context?]

[thank you/goodbyes]

Professor Patricia O’Toole is a biographer and professor emerita in the School of the Arts at Columbia University.

We have links for you in the podcast notes to learn more about her biographies including The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made.

Links: http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-Moralist/Patricia-OToole/9780743298094

http://www.simonandschuster.com/authors/Patricia-OToole/1507953

For our Updates from the States -- this week we head down to Georgia, where a passionate citizen historian, author, veteran and retired police officer Michael Hitt has become something of a Georgia-in-WW1 expert.

Welcome, Michael!

[greetings/welcomes]

[Michael -- to start us off, you mentioned to us that there are two incidents - forgotten incidents in Georgia from WWI - could you outline them about them?]

[You recently made a shocking -- and potentially dangerous -- discovery at a local Museum. Would happened?]

[You know similar stories have come up from the UK, and France. If you are a museum curator - is there a procedure you should follow with military artifacts?]

[Michael - thank you for coming in and telling us about Georgia in WWI and some of the commemorative events.]

[goodbyes/thank you]

Michael Hitt is a citizen historian, author, veteran and retired police officer of 34 years.

Links:www.michaelhitt.com

Moving to Remembering Veterans -- May is Mental Health Awareness Month, so we wanted to take a look into the history of PTSD and trauma both in WW1 and after.

With us to help us navigate the topic is Dr. Jason Crouthamel, Professor of History at Grand Valley State University in Allendale, Michigan and co-editor with Peter Leese of the book Psychological Trauma and the Legacy of the First World War.

Welcome, Dr. Crouthamel!

[greetings/welcome]

[“shell shock” was coined during WW1-- how was it perceived and dealt with during the war?]

[Was PTSD recognized before WW1?]

[What about WW1 changed the way trauma is understood and handled by the medical community and by society at large?]

[Jumping off your book’s title-- what IS the legacy of the first world war when it comes to psychological trauma?]

[goodbyes/thank you]

Dr. Crouthamel is a Professor of History at Grand Valley State University in Allendale, Michigan. Learn more about him and his numerous books by visiting the link in the podcast notes. We’ve also included links where you can learn more about PTSD and Veterans’ health.

links:https://www.gvsu.edu/history/jason-crouthamel-58.htm

https://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/ptsd-overview/basics/how-common-is-ptsd.asp

https://maketheconnection.net/conditions/ptsd

https://www.vets.gov/disability-benefits/conditions/ptsd/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/ptsd-civil-wars-hidden-legacy-180953652/

Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  ---

An onomatopoeia is defined as a word that phonetically imitates, resembles or suggests the sound that it describes, like buzz or hissss.

And that leads into our Speaking WW1 words for this week.

Whizzzbang! Crrrrump! And DUD.

These onomatopoeia, each for different munitions -- their nicknames reflecting the noise that they made as they soared through the air towards the trenches. Whizzbangs were small, fast moving shells -- crumps were high explosives. And DUDS -- well, they were duds!

Before the war, Duds were clothes -- and indeed we sometimes still use that meaning today! But during the war, as munitions and artillery earned nicknames for their sound and their appearance, the word “dud” referred to a shell that failed to explode, supposedly derived from the ‘thud’ sound the shell would make when it hit the ground. Shells could bury themselves feet deep into the soft muddy earth of the western front if they failed to go off-- and as many as one in every three shells fired did not detonate! In the Ypres Salient alone an estimated 300 million projectiles from World War I were duds, and most of them have not yet been recovered.

DUD - we hope they stay that way - and this week’s word for speaking WW1. There are links for you in the podcast notes.

Links: https://wordsinwartime.wordpress.com/2015/02/05/watching-language-change-in-ww1-on-being-a-dud/

[SOUND EFFECT]

This week for WW1 War Tech -- May is bike month! So as the saying goes, they rode into WWI on horses and came out riding tanks and planes --- -- but they also rode a lot of bicycles.

For their combination of speed and efficiency there isn’t much that can beat the modern bicycle. Experiments were carried out in the late 19th century to determine the possible role of bicycles and cycling within the military, primarily because a soldier on a bike can carry more equipment and travel longer distances than a soldier marching.

The US Army experimentally mounted infantry on bicycles in 1897 and had them complete a 1,900 mile journey across the plains and the Midwest. The Army’s evaluation found that the bicycle lacked the ability to carry heavier weapons -- It could not replace the horse’s ability to carry heavier artillery broken down into pack loads. And so for the US military - bicycle units were not promoted.  

However, despite not having a bike mounted infantry, the United States took a large number, perhaps over twenty thousand, bicycles to Europe with the AEF - the American Expeditionary Force.

The signal corps used bikes to deliver messenger pigeons to units and to monitor telephone and telegraph lines. By 1918, each unit had some 40 bikes at its disposal, mostly used to transmit messages. The military police also used bicycles, patrolling roads and managing traffic control stations behind the front.

Many of the european military bike mounted groups wielded foldable bikes that they could carry on their backs to cross more difficult terrain. The bikes even came in handy for a more modern use -- they could be turned into man-powered generators for bringing electricity to the trenches. Bikes did not, however, make or break military power during the war -- they had many uses, but could not give an army an advantage the way tanks, planes and artillery could. Many of the proposed uses for bicycles -- carrying machine guns, transporting the wounded, scouting the front lines -- were impractical given the realities of Trench Warfare.

The bikes at the front also proved an outlet for fun and distraction. Motorcycle and Bicycle Illustrated, a contemporary magazine, frequently reported on bike antics in the AEF-- Their March 1919 issue reported that the first AEF bicycle race occurred on George Washington’s Birthday, February 22nd, 1919, at Bar-sur-Aube, France.  The winner was Private Vandermeeren of First Army Headquarters, a Belgian immigrant and a former Belgian Champion cyclist.

Bicycles -- this week’s World War One War Tech. Check out the links in the podcast notes to learn more and to see some of the bike mounted infantry in action.

Links:  https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b16269;view=1up;seq=7

Motorcycle and Bicycle Illustrated March 27, 1919  https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433069061855;view=1up;seq=11

The United States Army in the World War 1917-1919, Organization of the AEF. 1948 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015051411091;view=1up;seq=5

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_infantry

https://ww1ieper1917.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/bike-electric1.jpg

http://historythings.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/bicycle-ambulance-WW1.jpg4_.jpg

https://c1.thejournal.ie/media/2014/06/wwi-tour-de-france-390x285.jpg

https://cyclehistory.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/iwmcyclist14.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Indian_bicycle_troops_Somme_1916_IWM_Q_3983.jpg

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/3a/0b/1b/3a0b1b235f1e21641f52e47b02584dd4.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/HJB10_%E2%80%93_Radfahr-Kompanie.jpg/300px-HJB10_%E2%80%93_Radfahr-Kompanie.jpg

https://oldbike.files.wordpress.com/2008/08/soldierbike.jpg

For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter.

[DING]

Headline: The New Yorker magazine interviews Sabin Howard about national WWI Memorial at Pershing Park in DC

In an article titled "There’s No First World War Memorial on the National Mall?"  The New Yorker Magazine travels to Sabin Howard's Tribeca studio to see the sculptural maquette and get the inside story on the creative process for the national World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington, DC.

[DING]

Headline: Pennsylvania WWI Symposium at US Army History and Education Center

Read about a the recent WW1 Symposium in Pennsylvania, which the commission’s Volunteer Coordinator Betsy Anderson attended

[DING]

Headline: Proceedings due soon from "LaFayette U.S. voilà!" academic conference in Paris

The French Society of Cincinnati and the Sorbonne University organized an international history conference , "LaFayette U.S. voilà!: The American Engagement in France, 1917-1918" back in November, 2017 in Paris. The conference proceedings are soon to be published, and you can read more about them in this article.  

[DING]

Headline: Fred Meyers - our featured Story of Service

Read about Fred Meyers, a farmer from South Dakota who served on the Western front 100 years ago this month.

[DING]

Finally, our  selection

from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -  

this week, it’s our Canvas and Leather Tote-- You can show your American pride while carrying this Made in the USA dark khaki tote. Plenty of room for keys, wallet, tablet and documents.

And those are some of the headlines this week from the Dispatch Newsletter

Subscribe by going to ww1cc.org/subscribe or follow

the links in the podcast notes

Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick?

Hey Theo --

Just two short announcements this week: first off, the PBS special  “The Great War” is going to re-air! So, if you missed it when it first came out last year, or if you’re like me and you just like rewatching good documentaries, you’re in luck. The three part series will come back to PBS stations everywhere on June 19th; the show can also be streamed online if you’re a subscribed member to your local PBS station, and you can visit the show’s website in the podcast links to watch hours of supplemental, free content.

Second and last this week, the USPS has put out a preview of it’s upcoming specialty stamps for 2018 -- including a special World War One commemorative stamp. This Forever Stamp shows a doughboy, gripping the American flag as barbed wire and biplanes loom over his shoulder. The stamp is called “Turning the Tide” and pays tribute to the sacrifice of American soldiers and millions of supporters on the homefront during World War I. Other 2018 stamps include pioneering astronaut Sally Ride, everyone’s favorite neighbor Mister Rogers, and a showcase of bioluminescent life, among others. Check them all out by following the link in the podcast notes.

That’s it for this week in the Buzz.

Link:http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/great-war/

https://about.usps.com/news/national-releases/2017/pr17_079.htm

[SOUND EFFECT]

And that wraps up this  week in May for WW1 Centennial News. Thank you for listening.

We also want to thank our guests...

• Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog

Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our sound editor and to Eric Marr for his great input and research assistance...  

And I’m Theo Mayer your host.

The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1.

Our programs are to--

inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast!

We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;

We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;

and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.

We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.

The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers, bloggers, reporters and writers.

You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify, using your smart speaker.. By saying “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube - just search for our WW1 Centennial youtube channel.

Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial.

Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget

to share the stories

you are hearing here today

about the war that changed the world!

[music]

No closing joke this week - but a puzzle - What do you think is the plural of Onomatopoeia

So long!

• The 1918 Sedition Act | @01:35

Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #72 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.

This week:

• Mike Schuster, from the great war project blog tells us about the on-going German aggression, the allies desperation and Pershing’s plan to provide CERTAIN troops to be commanded Directly by the allied forces.

All on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation.

I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show.

[MUSIC]

The United States constitutional Bill of rights was passed and adopted on December 15, 1791

This included the first amendment which reads:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances

126 years later, in 1917, under the pressures of entering WW1 - this constitutional right of the American people came under attack in profound ways.

It began in June of 1917 with the passage of the Espionage Act, prohibiting any American from saying or doing anything to undermine the war effort, with the threat of 20 years in prison, a $10,000 fine, or both  .

4 months later, in October 1917, congress followed up with the “Trading with the Enemy Act “, which empowered the government to confiscate the property of any person who engages in trade or any other form of financial transaction with an enemy nation during wartime.

Overall, about $500 million worth of property was seized by the federal government in World War I from german immigrants and companies with ties to enemy nations, an amount equal to the entire federal budget before the War.

But the most onerous attack on the first amendment was coming.

With that as background let's jump into our Centennial Time Machine and roll back 100 years ago this week to learn more about the new Sedition Act!

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

[SOUND EFFECT]

[TRANSITION]

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Dateline: May 21, 1918

A tiny obscure 4 line article appears in the New York times with the headline:

President Signs Sedition Bill

The entire article reads:

President Wilson today signed the Sedition bill, giving the government wide powers to punish disloyal acts and utterances.

Let me read that again…

“Giving the government wide powers to punish disloyal acts and utterances.”

That sounds downright unconstitutional… and if I had said that in May of 1918, I could have been prosecuted, fined $10,000 (the equivalent of $180,000 today) and imprisoned for up to 30 years!

Though President Wilson and Congress regarded the Sedition Act as crucial in order to stifle the spread of dissent within the country in that time of war, modern legal scholars consider the act as contrary to the letter and spirit of the U.S. Constitution, namely to the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights.

A part of the act also allowed the Postmaster General to refuse to deliver mail that met those same standards for punishable speech or opinion effectively blocking the mail dissemination of dissenting newspapers, pamphlets and flyers.

It was directly applied to trying to control the socialist leaning organized labor movement, and one of the most famous prosecutions under the Sedition Act during World War I was that of Eugene V. Debs, a pacifist labor organizer and founder of the International Workers of the World (the IWW) who had run for president in 1900 as a Social Democrat and in 1904, 1908 and 1912 on the Socialist Party of America ticket.

After delivering an anti-war speech in June 1918 in Canton, Ohio, Debs was arrested, tried and sentenced to 10 years in prison under the Sedition Act. Debs appealed the decision, and the case eventually reached the U.S. Supreme Court, in January of 1919. In March of 1919, 101 years ago this month the court ruled Debs had acted with the intention of obstructing the war effort and upheld his conviction.

In the decision, Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes referred to the earlier landmark case of Schenck v. United States (1919), when Charles Schenck, also a Socialist, had been found guilty under the Espionage Act after distributing a flyer urging recently drafted men to oppose the U.S. conscription policy. In this decision, Holmes maintained that freedom of speech and press could be constrained in certain instances, and that The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger ---  which will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent.

Eugene Debs’ sentence was commuted a few years later in 1921 when the Sedition Act was repealed by Congress. Major portions of the Espionage Act remain part of United States law to the present day, although the crime of sedition was largely eliminated by a famous libel case  in 1964, which determined that the press’s criticism of public officials was protected speech under the First Amendment — unless a plaintiff could prove that the statements were made maliciously or with reckless disregard for the truth—.

Your right to free speech.. A very precious right and one that was effectively legislated against 100 years ago this week, in the war that changed the world!

We have links in the podcast notes a BUNCH of articles from the NY times where the espionage, trading with the enemy and sedition acts were applied.

NYTIMES Sedition Articles:

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/22/102703485.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/08/102699810.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/08/13/97017110.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/13/102701408.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707634.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/11/102708351.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/11/102708489.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/28/102715535.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/01/102715561.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/06/102717028.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/07/16/102722083.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/31/118143506.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/06/07/102707383.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/14/102701611.pdf

Links on Sedition Act: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/u-s-congress-passes-sedition-act

https://www.politico.com/story/2012/05/congress-passes-the-sedition-act-may-16-1918-076336

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/social_conflict_and_control_protest_and_repression_usa

http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/uscode/uscode1940-00505/uscode1940-005050a002/uscode1940-005050a002.pdf

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/us-confiscated-half-billion-dollars-private-property-during-wwi-180952144/

https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2017/06/15/defining-a-spy-the-espionage-act/

https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/supremecourt/capitalism/sources_document1.html

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/labour_movements_trade_unions_and_strikes_usa

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/wilson-eugene-debs/

https://www.oyez.org/cases/1900-1940/249us211

http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-eugene-debs-socialist-bernie-sanders-per-flashback-0131-20160127-column.html

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

It’s time for Mike Shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project Blog.

Mike, your post points out that the Germans are far from out of the fight and the allied troops are very near collapse - While Pershing, standing fast on his determination not to put American troop under British and French command turns out not to apply to all troops equally.

You point to a palpable Allied desperation - It seems like, on the western front it truly is darkest before the coming dawn.

[thanks Theo - The headlines read]

[MIKE POST]

Mike Shuster curator for the Great War Project blog. The link to the blog and the post -- are in the podcast notes.

LINK:

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/05/13/another-german-attack-on-the-western-front/

[SOUND EFFECT]

Now for - America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI with Dr. Edward Lengel.

Not all the troops landed in France - Many of them arrived “Over There” in England including a yet unknown hero-to-be… As you will hear in Ed’s story.

[ED LENGEL]

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

Dr. Edward Lengel is an American military historian, author, and our segment host for America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI.

There are links in the podcast notes to Ed’s post and his web sites as an author.  

Links:http://www.edwardlengel.com/100-years-ago-alvin-c-york-arrives-great-britain/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

From the Great War Channel on Youtube -  videos about WWI

100 years ago this week, and from a more european perspective ---

New episodes this week include:

• The Ostende Raid and the Peace of Bucharest

Another episode is

• Marie Curie in WW1 and Who Killed the Red Baron

Finally

• Evolution of French Infantry during World War One

See their videos by searching for “the great war” on youtube or following the link in the podcast notes!

Link:https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar

That’s the news from 100 Years ago this week  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW -

[SOUND EFFECT]

This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI!

This week in Commission News --

The National Memorial Day Parade in Wshington DC is coming up on Monday, May 28th!

The parade will be huge -- including marching bands, flags, celebrities, veterans of all ages, 300,000 cheering visitors, and TV cameras that will broadcast the parade across the country.

This year, the parade will feature a special tribute to the American veterans of World War I, including several World War I-era military vehicles -- and for the first time ever -- a parade float to emphasise the centennial of WWI and America’s National WWI Memorial, which the Commission is building in Washington DC.

Commission volunteers will walking the parade and giving out free packets of Poppy seeds as a symbol of remembrance and sacrifice of those who served in WWI.

This parade is our nation’s largest Memorial Day event, drawing hundreds of thousands of spectators to the National Mall to pay tribute to those who serve and have served. Read more about the 2018 National Memorial Day Parade at the link in the podcast notes.

Links: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/4441-centennial-commission-to-be-represented-in-2018-national-memorial-day-parade.html

That was a 1918 radio style dramatization of a submarine attack on a US ship - from a cylinder recording we found.

For a more contemporary take, and for this week’s Spotlight on the Media -- we are going to learn more about the US Submarine Chasers of World War One. Joining us is Todd A. Woofenden, editor of The Subchaser Archives website and author of the book Hunters of the Steel Sharks: The Submarine Chasers of WWI.

Great book title, Todd! Welcome to the podcast!

[welcome/greetings]

Todd-- the submarine warfare conducted by the Germans helped push America over the brink and into war -- so, once we were in, how did the US respond to the continuing submarine threat?

The fleet set out to chase the submarines was pretty unique -- Why did we pick small, wooden vessels for the job?

WWI was all about new tech…. What was the TECH side of chasing and attacking submarines?

What should we remember about this endeavor - and what did it lead to in the future?

[thank you/goodbyes]

Todd A. Woofenden is the editor of The Subchaser Archives website and author of the book Hunters of the Steel Sharks: The Submarine Chasers of WWI. We have links for you in the podcast notes to learn more and how to get a copy of the book for yourself!

Links: https://www.subchaser.org/

https://www.signallightbooks.com/hunters

This week we want to feature a commemoration event that took place recently in Wallingford Connecticut -- the event honored the centennial of the combat death of French  American pilot Raoul Lufbery, the 8th pilot to join the Lafayette Escadrille. Lufbery went on to command the 94th Aero Squadron when the Escadrille was disbanded in 1918, and was an Ace three times over.

He was killed in an aerial dogfight over Maron, France 100 years ago this week on May 19, 1918 --

Here to tell us about his life and the commemoration in Connecticut is his great-nephew, Raoul Lufbery III.

Raoul, welcome to the podcast!

[greetings/welcome]

Raoul, what a wonderful namesake you carry - Raoul Lufbery was quite a colorful character -- please tell us about your great-uncle -- - what’s his story?

The commemoration took place in Wallingford, Connecticut -- how was it? why was it held there? what did it include?

Raoul, you’ve worked on compiling and editing a couple of photo albums about your great uncle -- can you tell us about them?

Raoul - Thank you for joining us!

[goodbye/thanks]

Raoul Lufbery III is the great-nephew of WW1 Ace and Lafayette Escadrille member Major Raoul Lufbery. Learn more about the recent commemoration of his life, and about his service in the war, by following the links in the notes.

links:https://connecticuthistory.org/world-war-i-flying-ace-raoul-lufbery/

https://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/lufbery-gervais-raoul/

http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/usa/lufbery.php

This week in our International Report -- we’re going back across the pond as we’re joined by the creators of a wonderful web site “Centenary News”.

it’s a super centralized resource for all things WW1 --  filled with news, articles, events listings, book reviews and more --

Joining us to tell us more are Peter Alhadeff (AL-adeff) ,  Editor for Centenary News,

and Patrick Gregory, former BBC news editor, contributor to Centenary News and co-editor & author of the book ‘An American on the Western Front’.

Gentlemen - thank you so much for joining us!

[welcome/greetings]

Let me start by saying that your site is really wonderful. It very broad in perspective and a wonderful resource - especially for our listeners.

Peter, how did Centenary News start? Who is behind it?

As kindred public history projects - and with WWI being and epic and vast story - how do YOU manage your editorial calendar and choices for what you publish and what you don’t?

What are your most popular articles and stories?

Patrick-- you’re interest, and expertise, is focused on the American experience of the war. How did you come to that topic of interest -- and has there been a tendency to neglect or downplay the role America played in WW1 from the European point of view?

The Armistice is coming up in November, Versaille the following June - what are Centenary News plans for coverage as the fighting stops?

I really want to encourage our listeners to stop by your site at www.centenarynews.com. If you listen to this podcast - you’ll like the site.

Gentlemen - Thank you so much for joining us today!

[thanks/goodbyes]

Peter Alhadeff (AL-adeff) is the Editor for the Centenary News web  site, and Patrick Gregory is a former BBC news editor, contributor to Centenary News Visit the site at www.centenarynews.com or by following the links in the podcast notes.

Link:http://www.centenarynews.com/

Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  ---

If you can face chaos, uncertainty and drama without succumbing to panic or anxiety -- you might be described as unflappable -- marked by assurance and self-control.

Though unflappable doesn’t enter the English lexicon until the 1950s, it is derived from a WWI era phrase, “to be in a flap”.

Usually defined as “to be worried”, the phrase “to be in a flap” has its origins in the Royal Navy around 1916. Taken from the frantic flapping birds would perform as they attempted to fly, the phrase spread among the ground troops as well. And there was a lot to be in a flap about during the war -- constant artillery barrages, snipers taking shots round the clock, poor food and living conditions -- the phrase probably got a lot of use in the trenches.

“To be in a flap” and Unflappable - this week’s phrases for speaking WW1. There are links for you in the podcast notes.

Links: http://mentalfloss.com/article/58233/21-slang-terms-world-war-i

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4tN7cVtY2VY2sbGtX6z9Df3/12-words-from-100-years-ago-we-love-to-use-today

[SOUND EFFECT]

For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter.

[DING]

Headline: Lost and found World War I medal returned to veteran's family in NJ

This is an update on the recently found WW1 medal in New Jersey -- it’s original owner’s family has been found and the medal has been returned!

[DING]

Headline: Maryland World War I Chapel Keeping Faith in Troubled Times

Read about a local community commemorative event in Odenton, Maryland -- On June 3, 2018 the public is invited to an outdoor concert and dedication of a WWI Centennial Monument at Epiphany Chapel & Church House in Odenton, MD. In 1918 the Chapel was a home-away-from-home for soldiers and included “reinforcements to the Chaplains of the colored regiments.”

[DING]

Headline: Annual 'In Flanders Fields' Memorial Commemorative Event in New York City

For a major metro event, read about the upcoming commemoration in New York City. General Delegate of the Government of Flanders to the United States will be hosting the Annual In 'Flanders Fields' Memorial event on May 24, 10am, featuring the East Coast Doughboys Honor Guard.

[DING]

Headline: Harriett Louise Carfrae - our featured Story of Service

Read about Harriett Louise Cafrae, a nurse who served in World War 1 with the Red Cross.

[DING]

Finally, our  selection

from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -  

this week, it’s our U.S. Army “Doughboy” Window Decal -- An easy and inexpensive way to let the world know that it’s the centennial of WWI!

Featuring the iconic Doughboy silhouette flanked by barbed wire so prevalent during WWI, you can proudly display this poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by U.S. soldiers.  Hey, it’s only 4 bucks and a great add on item when you’re getting other merchandise!

And those are some of the headlines this week from the Dispatch Newsletter

Subscribe by going to ww1cc.org/subscribe or follow

the links in the podcast notes

Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick?

Hi Theo --

Last weekend was Mother’s Day -- a holiday dear to doughboys in europe a hundred years ago as much as it is to us today. This week we shared an article from historian and WW1 Centennial Commission Historical Advisor Mitchell Yockelson published in the New York Times. The article entitled “Dear Mom, the War’s Going Great” surveys Mother’s Day correspondances during war time, from General Pershing down to the humblest of doughboys. The Army promoted what it called Mothers Letters, joined in a campaign by the YMCA and Red Cross. Read the article at the link in the podcast notes.

Finally -- this week was the centennial of a harrowing incident that helped establish the reputation of the Harlem Hellfighters. On the night of May 15, 1918, Pvt. Henry Johnson and Needham Roberts, members of the all-black 369th Infantry Regiment, found themselves fighting for their lives against 20 German Soldiers out in front of their unit's trench line. Johnson fired the three rounds in his French-made rifle, tossed all his hand grenades and then grabbed his Army-issue bolo knife and started stabbing.

Both survived the incident -- and Johnson earned himself the nickname Black Death for his ferocious stand. The question of whether the African American unit would fight as well as any other was answered by his actions in the darkness of May 15th. Read more about the intense engagement, and the Hellfighters’ subsequent struggles upon returning to civilian life, by following the link in the podcast notes.

That’s it for this week in the Buzz.

Link:https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/12/opinion/sunday/dear-mom-the-wars-going-great.html

https://www.army.mil/article/204920/ny_national_guardsman_henry_johnson_fought_for_his_life_with_a_knife_on_may_15_1918

And that wraps up this  week in May for WW1 Centennial News. Thank you for listening.

We also want to thank our guests...

• Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog

Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our sound editor and to Eric Marr for his great input and research assistance...  

A small retraction from last week.. We mistakenly referred to the  co-founder of the Boy Scouts of America as Ernest Thomas Seton [see-ton] rather than Ernest Thompson Seton [see-ton]

And I am neither Thomas, nor Thompson - I am Theo- Theo Mayer - your host.

The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1.

Our programs are to--

inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast!

We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;

We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;

and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.

We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.

The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers and sharing. Just a note to listeners, the transcript publishes about 2 days after the show.

You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify, using your smart speaker.. By saying “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube - just search for our WW1 Centennial youtube channel.

Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial.

Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget

to share the stories

you are hearing here today

about the war that changed the world!

[music]

So long!

• The sculptor and the airplane industry: Gutzon Borglum | @01:40

Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #71 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.

This week:

• Mike Schuster, from the great war project blog tells us about General Pershing’s “compromise”, unpopular with the French and British command

All on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation.

I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show.

[MUSIC]

In July of 1917, shortly after America enters the war, congress passes a massive $640,000,000 aviation bill which is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. That is over $13.5 Billion in 2018 dollars and at the time it is one of the largest appropriation for a single idea that the country has ever made -

It passes congress with little or  no objection -

This is in no small part - because there are so many advocates that believe this incredible new technology of flying machines can be pivotal in the war.

In support of the idea, famed airplane pioneer Orville Wright declares:

“When my brother and I built and flew the first man-carrying machine, we thought that we were introducing into the world an invention which would make further wars…  practically impossible since both sides know exactly what the other is doing. “

Orville reasons further:

"If the allies' armies are equipped with such a number of airplanes as to keep the enemy planes entirely back of the line, so that they are unable to direct gunfire or to observe the movement

of the allied troops—

in other words, if the enemy's eyes can be put out —

it will be possible to end the war. “

With that as background let's jump into our Centennial Time Machine and roll back 100 years ago this week to see how the US is doing in realizing that idea...

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

[SOUND EFFECT]

It is the second week of May, 1918.

The pages of the Official Bulletin, the government's war gazette, the newspaper, the New York Times and the magazine Aerial age Weekly are all filled with a story of scandal involving the US aircraft manufacturing industry. Charges of waste, incompetence, malfeasance and graft are being bandied about. And one of the more interesting parts is that a key character leading the charges against the government's Aircraft production board and the airplane manufacturers is none other than Gutzon Borglum.

Who the heck is Gutzon Borglum? You may ask..

Well, he is the sculptor who is going to become famous for a little sculpture he will do between 1927 and 1941 in South Dakota where he will sculpt four heads into the crags of a mountain called Rushmore… But in May of 1918, already an established sculptor - he is busy accusing the US Airplane industry of incompetence!

[SOUND EFFECT]

Dateline: May 6, 1918

A headline in the NY times reads:

Wilson orders Borglum aircraft charges sifted

And the story reads:

The demand for an investigation of allegations of graft in connection with the production of military aircraft was heeded by Pres. Wilson today when he decided to turn the whole matter over to Atty. Gen. Gregory, who was instructed to make a thorough investigation of the "wholesale charges" in regard to the production of aircraft. The charges were made by sculptor Gutzon Borglum.

Another sensational feature was added to the case tonight when it became known that Maj. General George O Squier Chief signal Officer of the Army, who was accused by Mr. Borglum of hampering the work of investigation undertaken by the latter, had countered the accusations with a request for a military court of inquiry.

The story is the big buzz in all the national news and aeroplane industry media. And as we started to explore it, it gets ever more strange - Clearly something is up because, the US has spent an incredible fortune and only delivered 5,000 planes - mostly trainers not fighters - what’s up with senate investigation?  The justice department probe? The President’s statements? The army’s court of inquiry? What are the roots of this nearly frenetic situations???

Well…

Let’s take a little closer look at our buddy the sculptor

Gutzon Borglum -

seriously! He is actually the center of the story!

In a biography on him that we found - and we have the link for you in the podcast notes, here is what we learn.

Borglum makes drawings for a new plane he called the “fish”. His idea is rejected by the government's Aircraft production board,  that is in charge of approving plane design for govt money -- Borglum notes many, many other designers get rejected too. Apparently, he thinks of a way to capitalize on the airplane manufacturing chaos -- So he complains through some Washington contacts that he has,  about the terrible wastage going on with all with that money earmarked for plane design and building in the US.

The bad buzz reaches all the way to President Wilson and in Autumn 1917-- BORGLUM himself runs an investigation and submits a report to the government on the lack of airplane production.

Now… Apparently Borglum postures that he has been given full govt authority to do this investigation -- but actually he hasn’t.  He just seems to be running on self-appointed bravado and posturing as if he DOES have officially sanctioned authority. Now President Wilson actually corrects him in the spring -- but damage has already been done to many, many aeronautical companies who have been dragged through the mud very publicly.

This week in 1918, on May 10th-- it comes to light that Borglum, in fact,  is using his influence with the president to get contracts for himself and a new company -- for which he is a silent partner. The scheme, apparently is that he is managing to discredit company after company with the govt’s blessing-- leaving HIS company to pick up contracts in the aftermath.

Even as this comes to light, Borglum “stonewalls” all of the accusations and accused his detractors as purveyors of “fake news” and of being liars and just continues his attacks on other aeronautical companies. A lot of reorganization takes place in the wake of this controversy - and probes and official investigations will continue  -- but we wondered -- what ever became of Borglum!?

He continues to be shaker, mover and influencer all the way… here are some highlights

In 1918, he was one of the drafters of the Czechoslovakian  declaration of independence (despite being an american by birth to Danish immigrants), he continues to make sculptures and memorials, famously sculpting an amazing and striking work called “The Aviator” which sits on   the University of Virginia campus, of course he gets permission and funding to carve up an entire mountain at Mount Rushmore creating a historic and iconic work of public art.

He also happens to be a very high ranking member of the KKK, a Freemason, and an organizer of the Armory Show in New York.

Gutzon Borglum - an genuinely amazing and fascinating character --- banging on a hornets nest in aeroplane manufacturing industry

100 years ago this week -

In the war that changed the world!

Aerial Age weekly

https://books.google.com/books?id=GpJMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA490&lpg=PA490&dq=gutzon+borglum+aircraft+manufacturing&source=bl&ots=06w8Xcz_qU&sig=g9EwA4S3_ofnZQZq3Ecs391tqnA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjr3qCr2PfaAhVE4mMKHbQ3DZQQ6AEISjAD#v=onepage&q=gutzon%20borglum%20aircraft%20manufacturing&f=false

Book excerpt on Borglum:

https://books.google.com/books?id=9y8cBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA76&lpg=PA76&dq=gutzon+borglum+airplanes&source=bl&ots=cEvEjx-DYI&sig=CiuaEx_6hlFRoeuDkdRZLmfErAY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjY-fXvu_jaAhUHk1kKHdNqDYg4ChDoAQhAMAQ#v=onepage&q=gutzon%20borglum%20airplanes&f=false

NYTimes Articles:

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/07/102699430.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/08/102699763.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/08/102699805.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/08/102699806.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/10/102700511.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/11/102700842.pdf

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/05/12/98263681.pdf

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

Moving across the Atlantic to “Over There”, Mike Shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project blog takes a look at General Pershing’s “compromise” with the French and British command, mutiny among the Austrians and Armenian nationalist fighters - An interesting post Mike!

[MIKE POST]

Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. The links to Mike Shuster’s Great War Project blog and the post -- are in the podcast notes.

LINK:

http://greatwarproject.org/2018/05/06/compromise-of-the-allies/

[SOUND EFFECT]

Welcome to our segment - America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI with Dr. Edward Lengel.

Many of you may have  heard of the “Marshall Plan”, This was a major $13 billion strategic initiative to help western europe rebuilt after WWII… Well the architect and namesake of that monumental strategy was just a young, but brilliant officer in WWI, developing his strategic chops, as Ed story this week shows.

[ED LENGEL]

[MUSIC TRANSITION]

To be continued….

Dr. Edward Lengel is an American military historian, author, and our segment host for America Emerges: Military Stories from WWI.

There are links in the podcast notes to Ed’s post and his web sites as an author.  

Links:http://www.edwardlengel.com/george-c-marshall-plans-attack-cantigny-may-1918/

https://www.facebook.com/EdwardLengelAuthor/

http://www.edwardlengel.com/about/

From the Great War Channel on Youtube -  videos about WWI

100 years ago this week, and from a more european perspective ---

New episodes this week include:

• Pershing Under Pressure-- the End of La Lys

See their videos by searching for “the great war” on youtube or following the link in the podcast notes!

Link:https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar

That’s the news from 100 Years ago this week  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW -

[SOUND EFFECT]

This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI!

Music: Castle House Rag and One Step, by James Reese Europe

from the CD “Take a Bow”

by the New York Jazzharmonic Trad-Jazz Sextet.

That clip was from Castle House Rag and One Step

composed by James Reese Europe who is the subject of our spotlight on the media with an  upcoming James Reese Europe 100th Anniversary Tribute concert.

Who is James Reese Europe?

Well, his Library of Congress biography opens with a quote from Eubie Blake, another famed American composer, lyricist, and jazz man:

"James Reese Europe was our benefactor and inspiration. Even more, he was the Martin Luther King of music."

Europe earned this praise by being an unflagging innovator not only in his compositions and orchestrations, but in his organizational ability and leadership. One of America's greatest musicians, he progressed from strength to strength but was pointlessly cut down at what seemed like the pinnacle of his career.”

Well that is just a setup up - To tell us about the man, and the Tribute concert, which will take place on June 8th, 2018, in New York City is Ron Wasserman, artistic director for the New York Jazzharmonic.

Welcome, Ron!

[welcome/greetings]

[Ron-- our intro to Mr. Europe was sort of a tease - can you tell us about the man please?]

[OK.. Now about the tribute - where is it, what is it and if we are lucky enough to be in NY to attend - what will we experience?]

[How did this come about?]

[Ron: Any closing thoughts about the legacy of the Harlem Hellfighters on music?]

[thank you/goodbyes]

Ron Wasserman is the artistic director for the New York Jazzharmonic. The tribute concert is co-sponsored by the New York Jazzharmonic, the NYC Veterans Alliance, and the National WWI Centennial Commission.

We have links for you in the podcast notes!

Links:www.symphonyspace.org/event/10003

http://www.nyjazzharmonic.org/index.html

This week For Remembering Veterans -- We have invited Dr. Reed Bonadonna to join us.

Dr. Bonadonna, Ph.D. and a retired US Marine Corps Colonel, is a Senior Fellow with the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs. He is managing their project, "The Living Legacy of the First World War”.

We were very proud of and excited for her, when our own Katherine Akey announced that she was one of the nine recipients selected for a fellowship under the project       

Reed! Welcome to the Podcast.

[greetings]

[To start -- What’s the program and what’s its goal?  ]

[Reed - Can you tell us about some of the fellowship projects?]

[When the fellowships are done - what happens to the work?]

[I know the program is still in mid-stride - but what do think it will show us about the Living Legacy of WW1 is today?]

[Thank you so much for coming in and speaking with us today!]

[goodbyes/thanks]

Dr. Reed Bonadonna is a Senior Fellow with the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs and the manager for their   "The Living Legacy of the First World War” project.

Learn more about the program and the nine fellows’ projects by following ==--the links in the podcast notes.

Links:https://www.carnegiecouncil.org/programs/WWI

Let’s talk about the early days of scouting and WWI - Joining us is Dr. Julie Seton , granddaughter of Ernest Thompson Seton who was a co-founder of the Boy Scouts of America and other youth organizations in the early 1900's.

She is an expert on Scouting's early history as well as her grandfather's life as a naturalist, artist and, at one time, an internationally acclaimed literary figure, and she recently edited and published his autobiography, Trail of an Artist-Naturalist: The Autobiography of Ernest Thompson Seton

Welcome, Julie!

[greetings/welcome]

[Julie - The history of the boy scouts -  actually begin in England with Lord Baden-Powell in the early 1900s, but your grandfather is also said to have influenced him - can you tell us the story?]

[So when the the Boy Scouts of America officially organize? [if it did not come up in the previous question]

[It’s a little off-topic but I wanted to ask… I read a fascinating account about your great grandfather - who apparently decided to present your grandfather with a bill for the entire cost of raising him, including the doctor’s cost for his birth….  and that Ernest actually paid him - Is that myth?]

[Back to the subject at hand - by the time America enters WWI, scouting is still very young but President Wilson gives the young men a specific charter and roll in the war effort - can you tell us about that?]

[Katherine and I were talking about this - if the Boy Scouts of America was formed in 1910 - and aimed at adolescents - the very first scouts would have likely served in WWI -  did any of them become notables? ]

[Current scouting -- we’ve seen several eagle scouts with memorial restoration efforts-- ]

[goodbye/thanks]

Dr. Julie Seton is the granddaughter of Ernest Thompson Seton and an expert on Scouting's early history. Learn more about the history of the Boy Scouts, and current Eagle Scout WW1 projects, by following the links in the podcast notes.

links:http://etSetoninstitute.org/

http://www.worldscoutingmuseum.org/WWI.shtml

https://everydaylivesinwar.herts.ac.uk/2015/07/stories-of-the-scouts-in-first-world-war/

https://www.scouting.org/programs/cub-scouts/leaders/about/history/

http://www.nesa.org/site/c.9oIFJMPsGgIWF/b.9535063/k.E891/Eagle_Project_Ideas.htm

https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/remains-of-wwi-medal-of-honor-recipient-to-be-laid/article_998bc7ec-cf78-51e5-a294-550a2a2004ac.html

As we have been looking at WW1 Centennial News Now, one of the things that has struck us about the centennial commemoration of WWI,  is that it tends to focus a part of itself - not just on academic, military and historical remembrance but also on art, public works of art and artists.

This first struck me when we reported on some commemoration efforts

by our friends and counterparts in New Zealand.  

Of course, there is our OWN major work of pubic art, the wwI memorial sculpture by Sabin Howard -

but truly notable in all this is the United Kingdom’s centennial support of 14-18 NOW, their WWI Centenary Art Commission, implementing a five-year program of arts experiences intended to connect people with the First World War--

To tell us about it, we’re joined

from the UK by Jenny Waldman,

the director of the program.

Jenny, welcome to the podcast!

[welcome/greetings]

[Jenny, can you tell us a bit about how 14-18 NOW came about? ]

[You have, and are doing some great project - can you tell us about some of them? ]

[In the lead in, I mentioned that commemorating something like WWI through art experiences was not immediately obvious to me - but it seems like a very important part of the puzzle. Could you help our audience understand why?]

[Jenny - we want to keep reporting on your efforts - especially those projects that are now coming “over here”. What can we look forward to? [if these things did not already get covered]]

[Jenny Waldman thank you so much for joining us today!]

[thanks/goodbyes]

Jenny Waldman is the director of 14-18 NOW. Learn more about the organization and the many many wonderful projects by following the link in the podcast notes.

Link:https://www.1418now.org.uk/about/

Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  ---

Waking up to a steaming cup of coffee is a universal pleasure. It’s warm, it’s fortifying, and it can help you make it into and  through your day -- That warm drink is sometimes referred to as a Cup o’ Joe… and of course we wondered where that phrase came from?

In fact, this nickname for coffee has rather murky origins, with several theories being put forward. And one of the most common legends

is that the ‘Joe’ in the phrase

refers to Josephus Daniels, the American Secretary of the Navy during World War I.

Daniels was an ardent prohibitionist, and as such he banned the consumption of alcohol on Navy ships well before Prohibition or even America’s declaration of war-- It was General Order 99 issued on June 1, 1914 that ended the shipboard toddy of rum for the sailors.

So our swabbies were forced to indulge in other beverages, particularly coffee-- which led the men to to refer to  a serving of coffee as a ‘cup of joe’.

There is some doubt in the truth of this myth -- since alcohol was already hard to come by onboard vessels for ordinary sailors, General Order 99 had little impact on their lives. It’s possible that the name ‘Joe’ denoted an ordinary everyday man, reflecting the rise in coffee consumption at the turn of the 20th century-- but we like the josephus myth.

A cup of joe - this week’s phrase for speaking WW1. There are links for you in the podcast notes.

Links: https://www.knowyourphrase.com/cup-of-joe

https://www.rogersfamilyco.com/index.php/the-origins-of-a-cup-of-joe/

[SOUND EFFECT]

For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter.

[DING]

Headline: Islay Ceremonies Remember US War Dead

Read about the commemorations that took place last Friday in Scotland to remember the 700 people who died in two separate WW1 disasters off the coast of the Isle of Islay

[DING]

Headline: The CDC hosts 1918 Influenza Pandemic Commemoration

If our interview with author Kenneth C. Davis last week piqued your interest in the flu of 1918, read this article about the CDC’s commemoration of the disease that ripped through the world population 100 years ago.

[DING]

Headline: Who was Alan Seeger… and Why did french President Macron mention him to congress?

Find the answer by reading the article by Commission Intern Nicole Renna.

[DING]

Headline: Everard Bullis Sr - our featured Story of Service

Read about Everard Bullis Sr, a Marine who saw action at Belleau Wood, St. Mihiel and Champagne.

[DING]

Finally, our  selection

from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -  

this week, it’s our Custom Silk Tie -- great for college grads and  and for dads for father’s day.The red silk tie features World War One era aircraft and the official logo of the Centennial Commission on the back.

And those are some of the headlines this week from the Dispatch Newsletter

Subscribe to the whole thing by going to ww1cc.org/subscribe or follow

the links in the podcast notes

Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html

http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch

https://www.archives.gov/citizen-archivist/missions

And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick?

Hi Theo --

We shared on Facebook this week what I think is one of the most interesting photography articles from The Atlantic-- the article “100 Years Ago: France in the Final Year of World War I” is a series of 35 photographs from American Photographer Lewis Hine. Hine had a long and tumultuous career; he was well known after working for the National Child Labor Committee, photographing children at work in coal mines, factories and farms all across the country. His images of children as young as four, their faces smeared with dirt and soot, machinery towering over them, are incredibly poignant. And as the War continued to rage in 1918 -- he traveled to Europe to photograph the American Red Cross relief programs. The photographs were also intended to drum up support for the Red Cross and to appeal to the American populace back home. The images include portraits of young French orphans, lone survivors standing amongst the rubble of flattened frontline towns, Doughboys fishing in a river outside the Chateau de Blois and exhausted wounded soldiers convalescing at Red Cross Hospitals across France. They have Hine’s recognizable haunting quality -- and are seriously beautiful. See them all at the link in the podcast notes.

That’s it for this week in the Buzz.

Link:https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2018/05/100-years-ago-france-in-the-final-year-of-world-war-i/559454

And that wraps up the second  week of May for WW1 Centennial News. Thank you for listening.

We also want to thank our guests...

• Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog

Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our sound editor and to Eric Marr for his great input and research assistance...  This week we say goodbye to our intern John Morreale - who’s finishing up his semester at the George Washington University. John, you were a great contributor to the show. Good luck and thank you from us and the audience!

And I am Theo Mayer - your host.

The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1.

Our programs are to--

inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast!

We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;

We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;

and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.

We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.

The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers and sharing. Just a note to listeners, the transcript publishes about 2 days after the show.

You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify or using your smart speaker.. Just say “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube search for our WW1 Centennial channel.

Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial.

Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget

to share the stories

you are hearing here today

about the war that changed the world!

[music]

Voice 1: Hey Mac - gimme a slice a pie and a cup o’ joe.. Hmmm I wonder why it’s called a cup o’ joe?

Voice 2 Mac: You’ll just hafta listen to that WW1 Centennial News Podcast to find out  - bub -

So long!