洋猩說故事 Talovich Tells Stories

Collectors have valued ancient bricks for centuries. Bricks made in the Han were often decorated with designs or good saying. Pi /Bi Yuan was a noted scholar in the 18th century. He received an extraordinary gift.

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清朝只要民眾服從，不鼓勵人民思考，所以興起了樸學，專研考據、訓詁，成就裴然。
畢沅(西元1730—1797年)學術貢獻很大，也培養了很多人才，如章學誠、孫星衍、汪中、段玉裁等皆出其門下。畢沅好古，所以過生日，下屬送上雅緻禮物。

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Today’s story takes place in Chu in southern China, around 350 bce, during the Warring States period. A general placed his trust in a thief, who won the battle when the soldiers could not.


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楚國王族東陵連囂子發是將軍，廣結善緣，招募朋友，不嫌不遺。打敗了秦軍，母親不悅，子發收斂了。打不過齊，他的門客發揮了自己的專長來退敵軍，救了雙方兵卒之命、省了兩國的公帑。淮南子記錄了這段故事。


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The Manchurians conquered China and established the Ch’ing/Qing dynasty in 1644ce. They had a far smaller population than China and were culturally not as advanced, so to maintain their rule, they had to learn from China, and control the population. They demanded obedience, (leading many today to mistakenly think that Confucius wanted obedience), and raised the power and prestige of the emperor to unprecedented heights. A Ch’ing emperor couldn’t even pee like a normal person.
These demands quenched the capability and the mind of Yinceng / Yinjeng / Yinreng, who would have been a brilliant emperor.

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清朝康熙的兒子胤礽壓力山大。清朝制度限制嚴峻，與孔子思想離很遠。如清人寫的弟子規，規定你必須這樣，不能那樣：不讓你思索，強調服從，嚴禁因材施教。孔子原意是怕人服從權威，建立健全人格，要自己思索；孔子認為你要這樣，好，可以，我們調節就好了，不要過火。胤礽如果二十歲能當皇帝，必然是政績裴然，可惜變為時代的犧牲品。

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The purpose of education is to develop citizens who can contribute to society, and to show you how to lead a rewarding, rich life. Simply sitting at a desk staring at books is not what Confucius called an education. Confucius himself did not emphasize book learning. His teaching centered on ritual (which was very physical in his day), music (including singing, dancing, and martial arts), and archery. Confucius was a noted archer in his day. He said that when you need your bow, string it tight, but you have to remember to let it hang loose. Don’t spend your days strung tight; remember to hang loose.

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我們往往將學習與讀書畫等號，但不盡然。很多重要的學習不在書本上。孔子重視的是人品的培育；知識是其次的。前人很讚賞「苦讀」，結果讀出酸味來了，不值得效法。
本猩一輩子都當老師，很愛看書，很重視教育，但教育應該是為了薰陶人格。錢財固然重要，我也很愛錢，但更重要的是，心安嗎？
學校，不應該是醋酢工廠。學習，是要活絡，不該悶。學而時習之，不亦悅乎？


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In our last episode we talked about the 鮮卑 Hsienpei/ Xianbei confederacy which established the Northern Wei dynasty. The military was staffed by Xianbei, and the civil service was run by Han Chinese. They attracted the best talent. Li Ch’ung /Chong (454 – 525 ce) understood that a government exists to serve the people, not to be at odds with the people.

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鮮卑建立北魏朝，他們許多制度為隋唐打基礎、影響後代。
壽春縣苟泰兒子失散，多年後出現于趙奉伯家，到底是誰的孩子？李崇妙判。
後來李崇為涼州刺史，安撫人民以誠以信。兗州劫賊多，農民建議李崇建鼓亭。
又：我們現在說大漢溪，是大嵙崁的轉音，均為Mkgogan的譯音。漢人到三峽，取名三角湧，而本來名字Bngciq是泰雅語，意思是芒草叢生的地方。

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