De jure/de facto 名义上 实际上While the Queen is the de jure head of state. The real power lies with the Prime Minister who is the de facto head of state.The government has de jure control over the oil, but the individual tribes and clans have de facto control on the distribution of oil.Although my dad is the legal head of the household, when the front door shuts my mom is the de facto head of the house.Definition: De facto concerns fact. While de jure concerns law.Etymology: In English de facto has come to mean in practice or actuality, but not officially established. While de jure has come to mean who has theoretical or legal power, but in reality has no power.********例句1, 法律上或名义上我爸是一家之长,但实际上只有我妈妈说话算数.My father is the de jure head of the family, but my mom is the de facto head of the family.例句2, 你去找真正的老板吧,我只是名义上的负责人. You need to go and find the de facto boss, I am only the de jure one.例句3, 中国的许多家庭, 孩子说了算! In many Chinese families, children are the de facto master of the family. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxAd hocThe refugees from the neighboring country forced the government to form an ad hoc committee to deal with them.The use of corn to feed people in the movie Interstellar was an ad hoc solution to the lack of rice and bread.Using the bike to carry groceries was an ad hoc solution for the families whose car was broken.Definition: Improvised. It can also refer to a temporary organization for a particular purpose.Etymology: From Latin for "this".******临时 权宜之计例句1,战争爆发,政府解散,人们不得不成立临时政府.The war erupted in the country and the government was dismissed and people had to form an ad hoc government.例句2,春节期间保姆阿姨都回老家过年,她临时请保洁公司过来打扫卫生. Maids and Ayis all went home during the Spring Festival, as an ad hoc solution, she sought herself a cleaning company.例句3,这是紧急情况,这只是权宜之计! This is an emergency and it is only an ad hoc solution.