Justin Hibbard continues our series on the 21 Ecumenical Council with the First Lateran Council - the first general council to occur in the West and the first general council with the Pope as presider (and even in attendance). In this episode you’ll learn about the investiture controversy and the tension between the government and the church that led to a further separation of church and state.

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SOURCES:

* The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church: A History by Joseph Kelly

* First Lateran Council 1123 A.D. - Papal Encyclicals Online

* First Lateran Council - New Advent

* Commentary on the First Lateran Council - Daniel Castellano

* Video: General Councils 9: Lateran 1-4 - Fr Timothy Matkin - St Francis Dallas

* Didactus Papae

* Episode 125 - The Blessing and Curse of Chapter and Verse

* Episode 103 - Kings to Fight Our Battles

PREVIOUS EPISODES IN THIS SERIES

* Episode 146: Introduction to the 21 Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 147: The World that Led to the Council of Nicaea

* Episode 148: The First Council of Nicaea (325)

* Episode 149: From Nicaea to Constantinople

* Episode 150: The First Council of Constantinople (381)

* Episode 151: The Council of Ephesus (431)

* Episode 152: The Council of Chalcedon (451)

* Episode 153: The Second Council of Constantinople (553)

* Episode 154: War Among the Monotheists

* Episode 155: The Third Council of Constantinople (680-681)

* Episode 156: The Second Council of Nicaea (787)

* Episode 157: Reflections on the First Seven Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 158: The Fourth Council of Constantinople (869-870)

* Episode 159: The Great Schism

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