Justin Hibbard continues our series on the 21 Ecumenical Church Councils by explaining the Catholic Church’s 11th council - the Third Lateran Council. How did a 20-year schism made up of 4 antipopes lead to this council, and what reforms did this council seek to implement for both the Church and general society?

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SOURCES:

* The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church: A History by Joseph Kelly

* Third Lateran Council 1179 A.D. - Papal Encyclicals Online

* Third Lateran Council - New Advent

* Video: General Councils 9: Lateran 1-4 - Fr Timothy Matkin - St Francis Dallas

PREVIOUS EPISODES IN THIS SERIES

* Episode 146: Introduction to the 21 Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 147: The World that Led to the Council of Nicaea

* Episode 148: The First Council of Nicaea (325)

* Episode 149: From Nicaea to Constantinople

* Episode 150: The First Council of Constantinople (381)

* Episode 151: The Council of Ephesus (431)

* Episode 152: The Council of Chalcedon (451)

* Episode 153: The Second Council of Constantinople (553)

* Episode 154: War Among the Monotheists

* Episode 155: The Third Council of Constantinople (680-681)

* Episode 156: The Second Council of Nicaea (787)

* Episode 157: Reflections on the First Seven Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 158: The Fourth Council of Constantinople (869-870)

* Episode 159: The Great Schism

* Episode 160: The First Lateran Council (1123)

* Episode 161: The Second Lateran Council (1139)

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