Justin Hibbard continues our series on the 21 Ecumenical Church Council by examining the 13th general council. How did an unruly emperor lead to this council and force it take take place in France?

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SOURCES:

* The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church: A History by Joseph Kelly

* First Council of Lyons - 1245 - Papal Encyclicals Online

* First Council of Lyons (1243) - New Advent

* Video: General Councils 10: Lyons I and Vienne - Fr Timothy Matkin - St Francis Dallas

* Episode #56 - Indulgences: the Most Misunderstood Catholic Doctrine

PREVIOUS EPISODES IN THIS SERIES

* Episode 146: Introduction to the 21 Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 147: The World that Led to the Council of Nicaea

* Episode 148: The First Council of Nicaea (325)

* Episode 149: From Nicaea to Constantinople

* Episode 150: The First Council of Constantinople (381)

* Episode 151: The Council of Ephesus (431)

* Episode 152: The Council of Chalcedon (451)

* Episode 153: The Second Council of Constantinople (553)

* Episode 154: War Among the Monotheists

* Episode 155: The Third Council of Constantinople (680-681)

* Episode 156: The Second Council of Nicaea (787)

* Episode 157: Reflections on the First Seven Ecumenical Councils

* Episode 158: The Fourth Council of Constantinople (869-870)

* Episode 159: The Great Schism

* Episode 160: The First Lateran Council (1123)

* Episode 161: The Second Lateran Council (1139)

* Episode 162: The Third Lateran Council (1179)

* Episode 163: The Fourth Lateran Council (1215)

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