Increments

#39 - The Enigma of Reason


Listen Later

The most reasonable and well-reasoned discussion of reason you can be reasonably expected to hear. Today we talk about the book The Enigma of Reason by Dan Sperber and Hugo Mercier. But first, get ready for dogs, modern art, and babies!

*We discuss *

  • Reason as a social phenomenon
  • The two roles of reason: To justify our actions, and to evaluate the reasons of others
  • Reason as module of inference, and how that contrasts with dual-process theories
  • The "intellectualist" vs the "interactionist" approach to reason
  • Nassim Taleb's notion of "skin in the game"
  • The consequences of reason having evolved in a particular (social) niche
  • The marshmallow test and other debunked psychological findings
  • Quotes:

    The interactionist approach, on the other hand, makes two contrasting predictions. In the production of arguments, we should be biased and lazy; in the evaluation of arguments, we should be demanding and objective— demanding so as not to be deceived by poor or fallacious arguments into accepting false ideas, objective so as to be ready to revise our ideas when presented with good reasons why we should.

    EoR (pg. 332)

    In our interactionist approach, the normal conditions for the use of reasoning are social, and more specifically dialogic. Outside of this environment, there is no guarantee that reasoning acts for the benefits of the reasoner. It might lead to epistemic distortions and poor decisions. This does not mean reasoning is broken, simply that it has been taken out of its normal conditions.

    EoR (pg. 247)

    References

    • Dan Sperber's talk at the Santa Fe Institute
    • Image credit: https://www.theguardian.com/culture/charlottehigginsblog/2009/oct/20/classics-barack-obama
    • Social media everywhere

      • Follow us on Twitter at @IncrementsPod, @BennyChugg, @VadenMasrani
      • Check us out on youtube at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_4wZzQyoW4s4ZuE4FY9DQQ
      • Come join our discord server! DM us on twitter or send us an email to get a supersecret link
      • Send a reason, any reason, any reason at all, to [email protected].

        Support Increments

        ...more
        View all episodesView all episodes
        Download on the App Store

        IncrementsBy Ben Chugg and Vaden Masrani

        • 5
        • 5
        • 5
        • 5
        • 5

        5

        16 ratings


        More shows like Increments

        View all
        Very Bad Wizards by Tamler Sommers & David Pizarro

        Very Bad Wizards

        2,651 Listeners

        Making Sense with Sam Harris by Sam Harris

        Making Sense with Sam Harris

        26,446 Listeners

        Conversations with Tyler by Mercatus Center at George Mason University

        Conversations with Tyler

        2,389 Listeners

        The Joe Walker Podcast by Joe Walker

        The Joe Walker Podcast

        120 Listeners

        Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas by Sean Carroll | Wondery

        Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas

        4,136 Listeners

        ToKCast by Brett Hall

        ToKCast

        94 Listeners

        Within Reason by Alex J O'Connor

        Within Reason

        1,531 Listeners

        Machine Learning Street Talk (MLST) by Machine Learning Street Talk (MLST)

        Machine Learning Street Talk (MLST)

        87 Listeners

        Dwarkesh Podcast by Dwarkesh Patel

        Dwarkesh Podcast

        389 Listeners

        Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal by Theories of Everything

        Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal

        459 Listeners

        Decoding the Gurus by Christopher Kavanagh and Matthew Browne

        Decoding the Gurus

        944 Listeners

        Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg by Spencer Greenberg

        Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg

        128 Listeners

        The Popperian Podcast by Jed Lea-Henry

        The Popperian Podcast

        23 Listeners

        The Falsifiable Podcast by Eric Denton

        The Falsifiable Podcast

        5 Listeners

        "Econ 102" with Noah Smith and Erik Torenberg by Turpentine

        "Econ 102" with Noah Smith and Erik Torenberg

        145 Listeners