3DLANES

Has Honda really reported its worst year ever? Let's find out.

Today we discuss film photography, from two points of view, the consumer / enthusiast side and the manufacturing side.

Watch shows, why do they exist? Is it me or are there too many now? This time at Windup I missed a few of my favorite, have you thought why not everyone attends all?

Today we look into a legend of the automotive world. Cosworth.

Sources:

Founding & History

1. Cosworth – Wikipedia

2. Keith Duckworth – Motor Sport Magazine Archive (Jan 1970)

3. Keith Duckworth – Supercars.net

4. Lotus Type 49 – Lotus Cars Official

5. Lotus 49 meets Cosworth DFV – Goodwood

6. History of the Lotus-Cosworth Ford Type 49 – Revs Institute

7. Cosworth DFV – Wikipedia

8. Ford Cosworth DFV: F1's Most Iconic Engine – Driver61

9. Ford Cosworth DFV V8 – Engine Labs

Financial & Corporate

1. Cosworth hails record revenue – City A.M.

2. Cosworth Group Holdings Limited – Pomanda Company Profile

3. Cosworth Annual Report 2023 (PDF)

4. Cosworth cuts costs after drifting into the red – Insider Media

Leadership & Strategy

1. Cosworth announces leadership change – Cosworth Official

2. After Kalkhoven's death, Cosworth makes leadership changes – AutoRacing1

3. Cosworth pays tribute to Kevin Kalkhoven – Cosworth Official

4. Florian Kamelger LinkedIn Post

Current Programs & Products

1. How Cosworth became the exotic car world's go-to engine supplier – Road & Track

2. Cosworth selected for Red Bull RB17 hypercar project – Cosworth Official

3. Red Bull RB17 V10 Engine – Engine Labs

4. Red Bull RB17 – Wikipedia

5. Greatest Cosworth Powered Road Cars – CarBuzz

6. Cosworth V16 – Race Engine Technology

Jim Clark

1. Jim Clark – Formula 1 Official Hall of Fame

2. Jim Clark F1 stats and facts – F1 Fansite

3. Jim Clark – Jim Clark Trust

4. Jim Clark – RacingNews365

5. Was Jim Clark the greatest racing driver? – Swarez Art

Today we analyze IWC, the watch brand. Not a specific watch but the brand as a whole.

Sources:

• Ken Research – Global Luxury Watch Market 2019–2030kenresearch
• Persistence Market Research – Luxury Watches Market Size & Competitive Analysis, 2032persistencemarketresearch
• Technavio – Luxury Watch Market Size 2025-2029technavio
• UNITesi – Pre-Owned Luxury Watches Market (PDF)unitesi.unive
• The Swatchers – Market Overview: Porter's 5 Forcestheswatchers.blogspot
• Matrix BCG – Emperor Watch & Jewellery Porter's Five Forces Analysismatrixbcg
• LinkedIn – Changing Competitive Landscape of Wristwatches (Parag Deshpande)linkedin
• Watch Collecting Lifestyle – Top 10 Largest Watch Brands in 2025: Rolex Dominateswatchcollectinglifestyle
• Monochrome Watches – The 10 Largest Watch Brands in 2025monochrome-watches
• Hodinkee – Rolex and Cartier In Another League (Morgan Stanley / LuxeConsult)hodinkee
• Instagram – Rolex 2025 Luxury Watch Dominanceinstagram
• Hodinkee – Industry Under Pressure: Buyers and Executives Favor Brick-and-Mortar (Deloitte Study)hodinkee
• New York Times – Are Luxury Smartwatches a Thing of the Past?nytimes
• Business of Fashion – Smartwatches No Longer a Threat to Pricey Swiss Timepieces (Morgan Stanley)businessoffashion
• Frontify – IWC Schaffhausen: Being Unique and Staying Relevant Among Luxury Watch Brandsfrontify

Today we go over the Leica product lineup, target audiences and Porter's 5 forces. There's correction of the last episode at the end.

Sources:

Leica Official

• Leica Camera Models — Official camera lineup

• Leica SL System — SL official page

• Leica Q Family — Q series official page

• Leica S System — S medium format official page

• Leica Sport Optics – Binoculars — Binoculars lineup

• Leica Home Cinema Portfolio — Cine projectors

• Leica Cine Play 1 — Portable projector page

• Leica Watches — Watch collection

• Leica Smart Projection ISE 2025 — Smart Projection press release

Financial & Business Performance

• Leica FY 2024/25 Press Release (PDF) — Official financials

• Leica Camera Continues to Grow – PR Newswire — Revenue €596M announcement

• Leica Revenue Up 7.6% – PhotoRumors — Financial commentary

• Leica Breaks Historic Sales Record – The Phoblographer — Luxury market context

• Leica FY 2024/25 – Macfilos — Independent analysis

Product Pricing & Market Data

• Leica Camera Lineup 2025 – TS2 Tech — Full model comparison

• Leica D-Lux 8 Price Increase – LeicaRumors — Tariff price impact

• Tariff Price Increases on Q3 – Digital Camera World — US tariff impact

• Leica Market Digest Oct 2025 – Summimarket — Secondary market pricing

• Leica Market Digest Nov 2025 – Summimarket — Price trend analysis

Product Reviews & Audience Context

• Leica Q2 Professional Evaluation – Macfilos — Q series audience analysis

• Leica S Medium Format Review – Overgaard — S system deep dive

• Why Creatives Are Moving Away from Leica – Erick Kim Photography — Buyer power / substitution commentary

• Understanding the Leica Product Line – About Photography — Line overview

• Why Is Leica So Expensive – BlinksAndButtons — Pricing rationale

• Leica SOFORT 2 – Brooks Review — Instant camera review

Competitive Landscape

• Sony vs Leica vs Hasselblad – Fstoppers — Competitive comparison

• Why No Mass-Market Leica Equivalent? – Reddit — Barriers to entry discussion

• Camera Brands Avoiding Competition – Reddit/Leica — L-Mount rivalry dynamics

• Leica Transformation – CineD — Strategic evolution

Xiaomi Partnership & Mobile

• Xiaomi × Leica Global Imaging Cooperation — Official partnership page

• Xiaomi 17 Ultra Partnership – EntNerd — 2026 co-creation details

• Xiaomi Leica New Era – Sportskeeda Tech — Partnership announcement

Sport Optics

• Leica Sport Optics – Camtec Photo — Product listings

• Leica Binoculars – Leica Store SF — Retail overview

• New Leica Binoculars – PetaPixel — 2025 binocular release

Watches

• Leica L1 & L2 Watches – Hodinkee — Watch introduction

Today we keep the 911 history lesson going with the 911T.

I can’t believe I said 911 12… I meant 912!!! Shame one me!!!

Sources:

• ​Porsche 911 Carrera T – The 911T that slept for 10 years (Porsche Newsroom)
• ​Porsche 911 T 2.0 (1968–1969) – Stuttcars
• ​40 Years After the 911T, Porsche Unveils the 911 Carrera T – Hagerty
• ​1968–1969 Porsche 911 T Coupé – Supercars.net
• ​Porsche 911 (Classic) – Wikipedia
• ​Was My 1973.5 Porsche 911T the 'God Spec' of Late Long-Hoods? – PCA
• ​Model Guide: The First Porsche 911s – PCA
• ​Porsche 911 (F-Series) – Ultimate Model Guide – Stuttcars
• ​Tested: 1969 Porsche 912 vs. 911T Targa, 911E, 911S – Car and Driver
• ​2018 Porsche 911 Carrera T – Tested (Car and Driver)
• ​2018 Porsche 911 Carrera T Review – Motor Illustrated
• ​Less Is More – the New Porsche 911 Carrera T (Porsche Newsroom)
• ​Among 1967–68 Porsche 911s, Coupes Are King – Hagerty
• ​911 T/R: Pavement or Not, Porsches Have Found Victory – Classic Motorsports
• ​Porsche at the Monte Carlo Rally – GoClassic
• ​Monte Carlo Rally – Porsche Newsroom (1969 double victory)
• ​17:27.00 Min. – Vic Elford 1968 Monte Carlo (Porsche Newsroom)
• ​23-Years-Owned 1968 Porsche 911T/R Coupe – Bring a Trailer
• ​Porsche 911 T/R (1968) – Stuttcars
• ​1969 Porsche 911T 2 Door Targa Values – J.D. Power
• ​2018 Porsche 911 Carrera T – Hagerty Valuation Tools
• ​Price Guide: Porsche 911 (991) Carrera T – The Classic Valuer
• ​Air-Cooled Porsche Prices: Market Trends – Classics World
• ​Auction Results and Sales Data for 1969 Porsche 911T – Concept Carz
• ​6K-Mile 2018 Porsche 911 Carrera T – PCAR Market
• ​Porsche Production Numbers – JTCars
• ​Porsche 911 (F-Series) Sales & Production Numbers – Stuttcars
• ​Porsche 911 Sales Figures – Good Car Bad Car
• ​1972 911 Production Data – Pelican Parts Forum
• ​Porsche and America – A Review (Porsche Newsroom)
• ​Porsche Historical Background: 1948–2025 (PCNA)
• ​Porsche Celebrates 70 Years in America – Hagerty
• ​Porsche Reports Record U.S. Retail Sales for 2023 (PCNA)
• ​The Evolution of Porsche Advertising – TheAd
• ​The Best Porsche Ads from Over the Years – Stuttcars
• ​Remember Those Great Porsche Ads? – Dave Dye
• ​Porsche Branding Strategy: Luxury Marketing Secrets – AMW Group
• ​How Porsche Became a Global Icon – The Brand Hopper
• ​Target Audience Analysis – Porsche Club of America (PCA)
• ​The 1968 BMW 2002 Whispers Its Way Into History – Car and Driver
• ​Iconic Classic Cars of the 1960s – American Collectors Insurance
• ​The Class of 1968 – Hagerty
• ​Top 10 Luxury Cars of the 1960s – Classic Insurance
• ​Porsche 912: Poor Man's 911 or Something More? – Hagerty

Today we look into the deadbeat complication in watches. Why did it die and why was it invented?

Substack HERE

Sources:

Deadbeat Seconds — Core Horological Sources

1. The invention of the balance wheel and the cylinder escapement — Seiko Museum

2. Ticktock Deadbeat Escapement — Wooster Physicists

3. Graham Escapement — Princeton Time Team

4. Dead-beat escapement — Britannica

5. Chapter 11 - Deadbeat Escapement — YouTube (clock mechanics)

Wristwatch Application & Technical Analysis

1. In-Depth: The Life Behind the Deadbeat Seconds — SJX Watches

2. What Is Deadbeat Seconds? — The 1916 Company

3. Technical: Deadbeat Seconds — A Collected Man

4. What is Deadbeat Seconds? — Barrington Watch Winders

5. Deadbeat Seconds: Watch Term Definition — The Subdial

6. A Quick Guide to Watchmaking's Most Ironic Complication — Gear Patrol

7. Dead Seconds Watches: Go Ahead and Jump — Revolution Watch

8. Jumping Seconds Watches — Gnomon Watches

Jaquet Droz & Modern Revival

1. Hands-On: The Jaquet Droz Grande Seconde Deadbeat — Hodinkee

2. Garrick S3 Deadbeat Seconds — Oracle of Time

Movement Frequency & Accuracy

1. Measuring the Time Between the Seconds: High Frequency Movements — Quill & Pad

2. How Movement Beat Rates Affect Accuracy and Power — Rotate Watches

3. Understanding Watch Movement Frequency — Seagull Watches

Community & Forum Discussion

1. Help Understanding Deadbeat Escapement — NAWCC Forums

2. Why do quartz movements have deadbeat seconds? — Reddit r/Watches

3. Horological Irony: The Dead-Beat Seconds — Worn & Wound

Today we review a film camera from the 80's, the Nikon FM2.

Sources:

Production History & Technical Specifications

• Nikon FM2 – Wikipedia​

• The Evolution of Nikon FM2 Camera Versions and Production Year Research​

• Nikon FM2 – Camera-wiki.org​

• Nikon FM2n (1983) – Mike Eckman​

• Nikon FM2/FM2n Film Camera Review – Analog.Cafe​

• Nikon FM2 Review in 2026 – Cultured Kiwi​

• Nikon FM2 Instruction Manual (PDF)​

• Nikon Family Cousins, Part 13 – Nikon Camera Chronicle​

• My Ode to the Humble Nikon FM2n – Johnny Martyr​

• Nikon FM2/T Camera Review – Casual Photophile​

Market & Competitive Landscape

• Which Pentax Film Camera is Equal to Nikon FM2 – Pentax Forums​

• Pentax LX Camera Review – Casual Photophile​

• Olympus OM-1: The Small, Quiet Revolution in SLR Design – Kosmofoto​

• The Dynamic Duo: Olympus OM-1 and OM-2 – Got Film​

• Nikon FM10 or FM2 vs Canon AE-1 – Reddit​

• Help with Nikon FM2 Price – DPReview Forums​

• Nikon FM2 Worth $300? – Reddit r/AnalogCommunity​

Corporate Strategy & Industry Context

• History of Nikon Corporation – FundingUniverse​

• Nikon's Strategy – Professionals and Hobbyists (BCG Forums)​

• Strategy Study: The Nikon Growth Study – Cascade​

• Nikon Corporate History​

• The Rise and Crash of the Camera Industry – PetaPixel​

• The Contraction of the Camera Market Part 1 – 678 Vintage Cameras​

• The Rise of Digital Imaging and Fall of the Old Camera Industry – Luminous Landscape​

• What Were the Most Popular Cameras in the 80s? – EverPresent​

Microeconomics & Accounting

• Vintage Cameras Market Size and Outlook 2031 – TechSci Research​

• How to Account for Camera Depreciation Life – Asset Panda​

• Thoughts on Usage Rates, Depreciation and Cash Flow – Photography Life​

• Nikon End of Year Financial Reports FY2022 – Nikon Rumors​

• The Current State and Future Development of Camera Manufacturing – EWA Direct​

• Price Elasticity of Luxury Goods – KPMG (PDF)​

Marketing & Promotion

• Marketing Mix of Nikon and 4Ps – Marketing91​

• Camera Ads Straight From the 80s – Reddit r/AnalogCommunity​

• How Nikon Marketing Builds a Loyal Community – PTEngine​

• Steve McCurry | Nikon FM2 Marketing – Camera Owner Magazine (Facebook) ​

• Nikon Focuses on Tier II Cities, Widens Distributor Network – Economic Times​

• Enjoy These Fujifilm, Kodak, and Nikon TV Ads from the 1980s – Casual Photophile

Today we look into another Volkswagen product, the Touareg.

Sources:

• Volkswagen Touareg – Wikipedia — Most comprehensive single reference covering all three generations, engines, production history, platform details, and sales data

• 20 Years of the Touareg – VW Newsroom — Anniversary release covering 2022

• The First 21 Years – VW Newsroom — Inception and design history

• Current Touareg Generation Ends with "Final Edition" – VW Newsroom — Discontinuation announcement, Final Edition pricing, global sales totals

• Technical Data of the New Touareg Hybrid Models – VW Newsroom — Gen 3 eHybrid and Touareg R specifications

• VW to Discontinue Gas-Powered Touareg – CBT News — Discontinuation rationale and electric successor hints

• VW Is Killing Its Flagship SUV As It Bets On Cheaper Models – Carscoops — Strategic portfolio shift under Oliver Blume

• Volkswagen Is Saying Goodbye to Its Longest-Running SUV – Gear Patrol — Overview of the discontinuation

• Volkswagen Is Killing The Touareg After 24 Years – The Autopian — In-depth editorial on the Touareg's legacy and why it was underrated

• Volkswagen Discontinues Touareg Vehicle – Endurance Warranty — Summary of discontinuation factors

• Say Goodbye to the VW Touareg in the US – CNET — US-market exit in 2017 explained

• VW Retires Touareg After 24 Years – Reddit/r/cars — Community discussion with brand perception insights

• Hartmut Warkuss – Lifetime Achievement Award – Car Design News — Career overview and role at VW Group design

• Hartmut Warkuss – iF Design Jury Profile — Design background

• Murat Günak Named Head of Design at TOGG – Form Trends — Post-VW career context

• The Crazy Luxury Features of the First-Gen Touareg – Jalopnik — Gen 1 over-engineering and feature detail

• VW Touareg Years to Avoid – CarInterior/Alibaba — Known reliability issues by model year

• VW Touareg: Is It a Reliable Car? – Endurance Warranty — Suspension, timing chain, and coolant issues

• VW Touareg Suspension Issues – Brake & Front End — Air suspension failure detail

• VW Touareg Buyers Guide (2018–2025) – YouTube — Gen 3 powertrain prevalence data and known issues

• Touareg III 3.0 V6 TSI Specs – Auto-Data.net — Gen 3 petrol engine specifications

• FTC Charges Volkswagen – FTC.gov — Official US government charge

• Learn About Volkswagen Violations – EPA.gov — EPA regulatory details

• Volkswagen Emissions Scandal – EBSCO Research Starters — Academic overview of the scandal

• Never-Sold VW Touareg Diesels Now Command Huge Money – Edmunds — Post-Dieselgate unsold TDI inventory pricing

• Volkswagen Touareg Price by Year and Trim – CarInterior — MSRP history across generations

• Used VW Touareg Pricing Trends – CarGurus — Current used market values

• VW Touareg Research – Cars.com — Model year research and pricing

• VW Touareg W12 Values Today – HotCars — W12 collectible pricing

• Volkswagen Touareg Annual Sales Figures – Good Car Bad Car — Year-by-year US sales

• Volkswagen Launches Worldwide Marketing Campaign for New Touareg – YouTube/VW — 2018 Gen 3 campaign launch

• adam&eveDDB's Touareg Night Vision Campaign – Marcomm News — 2020 Black Edition campaign details

• VW Marketing Strategy – Digital Agency Network — Broader VW brand marketing context

• BMW X5 vs Mercedes GLE vs VW Touareg 2019 – Drive.com.au — Pricing and segment benchmarking

• Touareg vs. Key Rivals – Times of Malta — Segment positioning

• Is VW Regretting the Name of Its Signature SUV? – Foreign Policy — Background on the "Tuareg" name origin and controversy