This episode examines the complex financial world of the Vatican during John Paul I's brief papacy, focusing on the Vatican Bank  and its operations. It profiles key figures in Vatican finance, while exploring the unique position of the Vatican's financial institutions. The episode discusses John Paul I's perspectives on Church finances and various theories about potential reforms, while carefully distinguishing between documented facts and speculation. It also examines the financial scandals that emerged in the years following his death and their lasting impact on Vatican transparency.