Columbus Day began as a celebration of exploration and immigrant pride. Over time, it became one of the most debated observances in the United States. This is the story of how a single holiday came to represent two distinctly different perspectives on American history.

The idea of honoring Christopher Columbus in the United States dates back to the late 1700s. The earliest known celebration took place in New York City in 1792. The Columbian Order, also called Tammany Hall, organized a ceremony to mark the 300th anniversary of Columbus’s first voyage. The young republic saw in Columbus a symbol of courage, exploration, and the spread of Western civilization.

During the early 1800s, public references to Columbus appeared in schoolbooks, political speeches, and patriotic art. Cities named after him multiplied, including Columbus, Ohio, which was founded in 1812. The explorer’s image fit well with America’s self-image as a bold new world.

By the mid-nineteenth century, the celebration of Columbus took on new meaning for Italian immigrants. Many arrived in the United States during a period of widespread prejudice and social exclusion. They looked to Columbus, an Italian navigator sailing under the Spanish crown, as a national hero who had changed the course of world history. Honoring him became a way to assert cultural pride and to show that Italians belonged in American society...

Podcast notes: https://ancestralfindings.com/how-columbus-day-became-two-different-holidays-in-america/

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