The first part of our springtime edition of Unearthed! for 2025 features so many updates! There are also finds related to Egypt and artwork. 

Research:

• Roque, Nika. “Maria Orosa, fellow World War II heroes laid to rest at San Agustin Church.” GMA Integrated News. 2/14/2025. https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/936107/maria-orosa-fellow-world-war-ii-heroes-laid-to-rest-at-san-agustin-church/story/
• Adam, David. “Does a new genetic analysis finally reveal the identity of Jack the Ripper?” Science. 3/15/2019. https://www.science.org/content/article/does-new-genetic-analysis-finally-reveal-identity-jack-ripper
• Jeffries, Ella. “These Everyday Artifacts Tell the Story of Harriet Tubman’s Father’s Home as Climate Change Threatens the Historic Site.” Smithsonian Magazine. 3/14/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/these-everyday-artifacts-tell-the-story-of-harriet-tubmans-fathers-home-as-climate-change-threatens-historic-site-as-climate-change-180986204/
• The History Blog. “Lavish private baths found in Pompeii villa.” 1/18/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72199
• Balmer, Crispian. “Rare frescoes unearthed in Pompeii shed light on ancient rituals.” Reuters. 2/26/2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/rare-frescoes-unearthed-pompeii-shed-light-ancient-rituals-2025-02-26/
• Lawler, Daniel. “How did this man's brain turn to glass? Scientists have a theory.” Phys.org. 2/27/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-02-brain-glass-scientists-theory.html
• The History Blog. “Footprints fleeing Bronze Age eruption of Vesuvius found.” 1/31/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72318
• net. “Archaeologists Identify ‘Lost’ Anglo-Saxon Site Depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry.” 1/2025. https://www.medievalists.net/2025/01/archaeologists-identify-lost-anglo-saxon-site-depicted-in-the-bayeux-tapestry/
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Fragment of Epic Medieval Bayeux Tapestry Rediscovered in Germany.” Artnet. 3/5/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/bayeux-tapestry-fragment-rediscovered-in-germany-2615620
• Schrader, Adam. “Is There Graffiti of a Legendary Film Star Under the Lincoln Memorial?.” Artnet. 2/23/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/graffiti-of-a-legendary-film-star-under-the-lincoln-memorial-2611242
• National Museums Northern Ireland. “Further research Suggests Remains Found in Bellaghy Likely to be Female.” https://www.nationalmuseumsni.org/news/ballymacombs-more-woman
• Boucher, Brian. “Who Owned This Fabulous Hoard of Viking Treasure? A New Translation Offers a Clue.” ArtNet. 2/21/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/galloway-hoard-communal-wealth-translated-inscription-2611850
• Randall, Kayla. “Josephine Baker’s Memoir Is Now Being Published for the First Time in English.” Smithsonian. 3/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/josephine-baker-memoir-now-published-first-time-english-180985963/
• Anderson, Sonja. “Archaeologists Discover Intricately Decorated Tomb Belonging to a Doctor Who Treated Egyptian Pharaohs 4,100 Years Ago.” Smithsonian. 1/10/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/archaeologists-discover-intricately-decorated-tomb-belonging-to-a-doctor-who-treated-egyptian-pharaohs-4100-years-ago-180985788/
• University of Vienna. “Analysis of skull from Ephesos confirms it is not Cleopatra's sister.” 1/10/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-analysis-skull-ephesos-cleopatra-sister.html
• Weber, G.W., Šimková, P.G., Fernandes, D. et al. The cranium from the Octagon in Ephesos. Sci Rep 15, 943 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83870-x
• Ferguson, Donna. “Archaeologists discover 3,500 year-old tomb of ‘missing pharaoh’ in Egypt.” The Guardian. 1/19/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/19/first-new-pharaohs-tomb-to-be-found-in-over-a-century-discovered-in-egypt
• Ferguson, Donna. “‘You dream about such things’: Brit who discovered missing pharaoh’s tomb may have unearthed another.” The Guardian. 2/22/2025. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/feb/22/you-dream-about-such-things-brit-who-discovered-missing-pharaohs-tomb-may-have-unearthed-another
• State Information Service. “New Discoveries illuminate the Legacy of Queen Hatshepsut’s Temple in Luxor.” 1/8/2025. https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/204116/New-Discoveries-illuminate-the-Legacy-of-Queen-Hatshepsut%E2%80%99s-Temple-in-Luxor?lang=en-us
• Lynch, Cherise. “Penn Museum, Egyptian archaeologists discover tomb of unnamed pharaoh.” 3/27/2025. https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/penn-museum-egypt-unnamed-pharaoh/4145053/
• Melly, Brian. “The scent of the mummy. Research discovers ancient Egyptian remains smell nice.” Phys.org. 2/16/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-02-scent-mummy-ancient-egyptian-nice.html
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Suitcase Belonging to King Tut Tomb Explorer Sells for More Than 11 Times Its Estimate.” ArtNet. 2/28/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/howard-carter-suitcase-king-tut-2612417
• Erb-Satullo, Nathaniel L. et al. “Mega-Fortresses in the South Caucasus: New Data from Southern Georgia.” Antiquity 99.403 (2025): 150–169. Web.
• Cranfield University. “Drone mapping unveils 3,000-year-old fortress, reshaping ancient history.” Phys.org. 1/8/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-drone-unveils-year-fortress-reshaping.html
• Randall, Ian. “Sprawling Lost City From 600 Years Ago Revealed.” 1/30/2025. https://www.newsweek.com/lost-city-mexico-guiengola-zapotec-forest-lidar-archaeology-2023494
• Anderson, Sonja. “Researchers Have Found an Inca Tunnel Beneath the Peruvian City of Cusco.” Smithsonian. 1/21/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-have-found-an-inca-tunnel-beneath-the-Peruvian-city-of-cusco-180985872/
• Politecnico di Milano. “Ground-penetrating radar reveals new secrets under Milan's Sforza Castle.” EurekAlert. 1/14/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070514
• Schrader, Adam. “Rare 19th-Century Painting by Beloved Black Artist Found in a Thrift Store.” Artnet. 1/6/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/william-henry-dorsey-thrift-store-painting-2595107
• Kinsella, Eileen. “Unique 19th-Century Double-Sided Portrait by American Folk Art Icon Resurfaces.” Artnet. 1/6/2025. https://news.artnet.com/market/ammi-phillips-double-portrait-rediscovered-christies-2595027
• Whiddington, Richard. “A Famed Painting of Venice’s Grand Canal Is Reattributed to a Precocious 16-Year-Old.” ArtNet. 3/11/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/a-grand-canal-painting-bellotto-wallace-collection-2618974
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Lavinia Fontana’s Lost Miniature Resurfaces at Texas Auction.” 1/20/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/miniature-portrait-lavinia-fontana-2599828
• Wizevich, Eli. “Expert Rediscovers Painting by Renaissance Master Lavinia Fontana, One of the First Professional Female Artists.” Smithsonian. 3/26/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/experts-rediscover-painting-by-renaissance-master-lavinia-fontana-one-of-the-first-professional-female-artists-180986307/
• The Collector. “Digitization Reveals Cathedral’s Hidden Medieval Wall Paintings.” https://www.thecollector.com/digitization-reveals-hidden-medieval-wall-paintings/
• The History Blog. “Hidden 13th c. murals of Angers Cathedral documented for the 1st time.” 1/14/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72156
• Almeroth-Williams, Tom. “Islamic ‘altar tent’ discovery.” University of Cambridge. https://www.cam.ac.uk/stories/islamic-altar-tent
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “Van Gogh Museum Rules $50 Garage Sale Painting Is Not a $15 Million Masterpiece.” Artnet. 1/29/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/van-gogh-lmi-group-2602847
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “$50 Van Gogh? Experts Say No, Offering Alternative Attribution in Dramatic Art Dispute.” ArtNet. 2/3/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/van-gogh-lmi-henning-elimar-attribution-2604921
• The History Blog. “Hellenistic era statue found in garbage bag.” 2/5/2025. http://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72363
• Lawson-Tancred, Jo. “18th-Century Drawing Rescued From a Dumpster Shatters Estimates at Auction.” Artnet. 3/14/2025. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/how-did-this-18th-century-english-drawing-end-up-in-a-new-york-dumpster-2611654
• “Police, art sleuth crack case of Brueghel stolen in Poland in 1974. 3/3/2025. https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20250303-police-art-sleuth-crack-case-of-brueghel-stolen-in-poland-in-1974
• Jeffries, Ella. “Eagle-Eyed Experts Say They’ve Solved the Mystery of a Missing Masterpiece—Half a Century After It Was Stolen.” Smithsonian. 3/5/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/eagle-eyed-experts-say-theyve-solved-the-mystery-of-a-missing-masterpiece-half-a-century-after-it-was-stolen-180986157/
• Heritage UK. “Could This Mysterious Portrait Be Lady Jane Grey?” 3/7/2025. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/about/search-news/could-this-mysterious-portrait-be-lady-jane-grey/
• Archaeology Magazine. “Ancient Greek Statues Smelled of Perfume.” https://archaeology.org/news/2025/03/17/ancient-greek-statues-smelled-of-perfume/
• Kuta, Sarah. “Man Finds Rare Trove of Winnie-the-Pooh Drawings and Manuscripts in His Father’s Attic.” Smithsonian. 1/28/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/man-finds-rare-trove-of-winnie-the-pooh-drawings-and-manuscripts-in-his-fathers-attic-180985907/
• Leiden University. “Keyhole surgery on old books leads to discovery of medieval fragments.” Phys.org. 1/13/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-keyhole-surgery-discovery-medieval-fragments.html
• Killgrove, Kristina. “Curse tablet found in Roman-era grave in France targets enemies by invoking Mars, the god of war.” 1/15/2025. https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/curse-tablet-found-in-roman-era-grave-in-france-targets-enemies-by-invoking-mars-the-god-of-war
• Wells, Robert. “Ancient artifacts unearthed in Iraq shed light on hidden history of Mesopotamia.” EurekAlert. 1/14/2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1070460
• net. “Earliest Known Rune-Stone Discovered in Norway.” https://www.medievalists.net/2025/02/earliest-known-rune-stone-discovered-in-norway/
• Archaeology Magazine. “Oldest Example of Writing in Northern Iberia.” 1/25/2025. https://archaeology.org/news/2025/02/25/oldest-example-of-writing-in-northern-iberia/
• Whiddington, Richard. “Century-Old Bottle Turns Up Behind a Historic Theater Stage—With a Sealed Note.” Artnet. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/century-old-bottle-discovered-in-kings-theatre-2615505
• University of Oxford. “Researcher uncovers hidden copy of Shakespeare sonnet.” Phys.org. 3/3/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-03-uncovers-hidden-shakespeare-sonnet.html
• net. “Over 110,000 Medieval Manuscripts May Have Been Copied by Women.” https://www.medievalists.net/2025/03/110000-medieval-manuscripts-women/
• Ommundsen, Å., Conti, A.K., Haaland, Ø.A. et al. How many medieval and early modern manuscripts were copied by female scribes? A bibliometric analysis based on colophons. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 12, 346 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04666-6
• Pacillo, Lara. “Paleolithic ingenuity: 13,000-year-old 3D map discovered in France.” Phys.org. 1/14/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-paleolithic-ingenuity-year-3d-france.html
• Oster, Sandee. “Archaeologists reveal 8,000-year-old bone powder cooking practice in ancient China.” Phys.org. 1/15/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-archaeologists-reveal-year-bone-powder.html
• “Dried plants 19th-century Australian colonial institution indicate secret, illicit snacking among residents.” Phys.org. 1/21/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-dried-19th-century-australian-colonial.html
• Connor, Kimberley. “History under the floorboards: Decoding the diets of institutionalized women in 19th century Sydney.” Phys.org. 1/22/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-01-history-floorboards-decoding-diets-institutionalized.html#google_vignette
• The History Blog. “Earliest distilled liquor in China found in owl vessel.” 1/22/2025. http://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72239
• Naiden, Alena. “An ancient Dene cache discovered at JBER highlights Anchorage’s Indigenous history.” Alaska Public Radio. 1/22/2025. https://alaskapublic.org/news/alaska-desk/2025-01-22/an-ancient-dene-cache-discovered-at-jber-highlights-anchorages-indigenous-history
• Kuta, Sarah. “This 1,600-Year-Old Filter Helped Ancient Drinkers Sip Beverages Through a Straw.” Smithsonian. 1/20/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/this-1600-year-old-filter-helped-ancient-drinkers-sip-beverages-through-a-straw-180986073/
• Archaeology Magazine. “Study Finds Evidence of Early Alcoholic Drinks in Brazil.” 2/18/2025. https://archaeology.org/news/2025/02/18/study-finds-evidence-of-early-alcoholic-drinks-in-brazil/
• University of York. “The early roots of Carnival? Research reveals evidence of seasonal celebrations in pre-colonial Brazil.” 5/2/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-02-early-roots-carnival-reveals-evidence.html
• net. “Medieval Birds of Prey Feasted on Human Waste, Study Finds.” https://www.medievalists.net/2025/01/medieval-birds-of-prey-feasted-on-human-waste-study-finds/
• Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Iberian Neolithic herders were already strategically managing cattle herds 6,000 years ago.” 2/3/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-02-iberian-neolithic-herders-strategically-cattle.html
• Kuta, Sarah. “Mammoth Bones Used to Build Mysterious 25,000-Year-Old Site in Russia Came From Different Herds.” 2/3/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/mammoth-bones-used-to-build-mysterious-25000-year-old-site-in-russia-came-from-different-herds-180985977/
• Vrak Museum of Wrecks. “Oldest Carvel-built Ship from the Nordic Countries Discovered.” 2/21/2025. https://www.vrak.se/en/news/oldest-carvel-built-ship-in-nordics-found/
• Archaeology Magazine. “Brazilian Ship Struck by WWII U-Boat Located.” 2/19/2025. https://archaeology.org/news/2025/02/19/brazilian-ship-sunk-by-wwii-u-boat-located/
• Kuta, Sarah. “Warship Sunk by the Nazis During World War II Located Off the Coast of Brazil.” Smithsonian. 2/5/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/warship-sunk-by-the-nazis-during-world-war-ii-located-off-the-coast-of-brazil-180985996/
• Richmond, Todd. “Explorers discover wreckage of cargo ship that sank in Lake Superior storm more than 130 years ago.” Phys.org. 3/11/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-03-explorers-wreckage-cargo-ship-sank.html
• Wizevich, Eli. “Metal Detectorists Stumble Upon a Rare 2,000-Year-Old Roman Sword in Poland.” Smithsonian. 2/25/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/metal-detectorists-stumble-upon-a-rare-2000-year-old-roman-sword-in-poland-180986101/
• Anderson, Sonja. “Archaeologists Unearth Early Medieval Sword Engraved With Mysterious Runes in a Cemetery in England.” Smithsonian. 1/6/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/archaeologists-unearth-early-medieval-sword-engraved-with-mysterious-runes-in-a-cemetery-in-england-180985768/
• The History Blog. “Rare two-handed medieval sword, axes found in Poland.” 2/21/2025. https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72486
• The History Blog. “1,000-year-old scabbard fitting found in Poland.” 3/26/2025. http://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/72759
• Pare, Sascha. “Pet cats arrived in China via the Silk Road 1,400 years ago, ancient DNA study finds.” LiveScience. 3/9/2025. https://www.livescience.com/animals/domestic-cats/pet-cats-arrived-in-china-via-the-silk-road-1-400-years-ago-ancient-dna-study-finds
• Kuta, Sarah. “Staffers Find a Japanese Hand Grenade From World War II at a Museum in Kentucky.” Smithsonian. 1/27/2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/staffers-find-a-japanese-hand-grenade-from-world-war-ii-at-a-museum-in-kentucky-180985885/
• Dimacali, Timothy James. “Ancient seafarers in Southeast Asia may have built advanced boats 40,000 years ago.” Phys.org. 2/21/2025. https://phys.org/news/2025-02-ancient-seafarers-southeast-asia-built.htm

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This 2016 episode covers George Wallace, one of the most prominent voices against the Civil Rights Movement and its objectives. He spent multiple campaigns for both governor and president on an explicitly pro-segregation platform.

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Tracy shares how she went from concern that there wouldn't be enough research material for an episode to developing this week's topic into two. Both Tracy and Holly discuss their family connections to the war. 

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Vandalism at draft board offices as U.S. involvement in Vietnam was escalating was deeply divisive. Opponents of the war were stereotyped as dirty hippies and sanctimonious white college kids, but the anti-Vietnam-war movement in the U.S. was really broad.

Research:

• "Statement: the Boston Eight" Newsletter. ULS Digital Collections. https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3A31735058194170
• “Draftees ‘Lost’ in Raids Immune for January.” Boston Globe. 12/10/1969.
• “Draftees ‘Lost’ in Raids Immune for January.” The Boston Globe. 12/10/1969.
• “Hardy Rites Tomorrow.” Camden Courier-Post. 10/4/1971.
• Arnold, Hillel. “Draft Board Raids.” https://hillelarnold.com/draft-board-raids/
• Associated Press. “Testify FBI Had Role in N.J. Break-in.” De Moines Register. 5/21/1973.
• Astor, Maggie. “Their Protest Helped End the Draft. 50 Years Later, It’s Still Controversial.” New York Times. 5/19/2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/19/us/catonsville-nine-anniversary.html
• Berrigan, Frida. “50 years later, the spirit of the Catonsville Nine lives on.” Waging Nonviolence. 5/16/2018. https://wagingnonviolence.org/2018/05/catonsville-nine-50-years-later/
• Cassie, Ron. “Trial by Fire.” Baltimore. May 2018. https://www.baltimoremagazine.com/section/historypolitics/50-years-ago-catonsville-nine-sparked-national-wave-of-vietnam-war-resistance/
• Dear, John. “The Camden 28.” National Catholic Reporter. 9/18/2007. https://www.ncronline.org/blogs/road-peace/camden-28
• Enoch Pratt Free Library. “Fire and Faith: The Cantonville Nine File.” 2005. http://c9.digitalmaryland.org/
• Fisher, James T. “Debating 'The Camden 28': A scholar and an activist discuss a new film about the Catholic Left.” America: The Jesuit Review. 9/17/2007. https://www.americamagazine.org/issue/625/100/debating-camden-28
• Fisher, James T. “Debating 'The Camden 28': Activist nuns, punk rock and the demise of the Catholic Left.” America: The Jesuit Review. 9/17/2007. https://www.americamagazine.org/issue/625/100/debating-camden-28-0
• Friedman, Jason. “Draft Card Mutilation Act of 1965.” Free Speech Center. 7/2/2024. https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/draft-card-mutilation-act-of-1965/  
• Giacchino, Anthony, director. “Camden 28.” PBS Point of View. 2007.
• Gilette, Howard Jr. “Camden, New Jersey.” The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/essays/camden-new-jersey/
• Greenberg, Kyrie. “Camden 28 revisit court where they were tried for ’71 break-in to protest Vietnam War.” WHYY. 12/6/2018. https://whyy.org/articles/camden-28-revisit-court-where-they-were-tried-for-71-break-in-to-protest-vietnam-war/
• Hammond, Linda C. “FBI Says Informer Was Paid $7500.” Courier-Post. 5/30/1973.
• Hardy, Robert. “Affidavit.” Via Camden28.org.
• Kroncke, Francis X. “RESISTANCE AS SACRAMENT.” http://www.minnesota8.net/Kroncke/essays/resistance.htm
• Lacy, Tim. “The Media Raiders: The FBI, Hoover, and the Catholic Left.” Society for U.S. Intellectual History. https://s-usih.org/2024/12/media-raiders-fbi-hoover-catholic-left/
• Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Photos: The Milwaukee 14 - a fiery '68 protest against the Vietnam War.” 9/20/2016. https://www.jsonline.com/picture-gallery/life/2016/09/20/photos-the-milwaukee-14---a-fiery-68-protest-against-the-vietnam-war/90517276/
• Mische, George. “Inattention to accuracy about 'Catonsville Nine' distorts history.” National Catholic Reporter. 5/17/2013. https://www.ncronline.org/news/justice/inattention-accuracy-about-catonsville-nine-distorts-history
• Nelson, Paul. "Minnesota Eight." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/minnesota-eight
• Nelson, Paul. “The Minnesota Eight’s attempts to destroy draft files during the Vietnam War were mostly unsuccessful.” MNopedia via MinnPost. 6/15/2020. https://www.minnpost.com/mnopedia/2020/06/the-minnesota-eights-attempts-to-destroy-draft-files-during-the-vietnam-war-were-mostly-unsuccessful/
• Nixon, Richard M. “The Great Silent Majority.” https://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/nixon-silent-majority-speech-text/
• Norland, Rod. “Camden 28 Trial Looks to Juror No. 10.” The Philadelphia Inquirer. 5/20/1973.
• O’Farrell, Sean. “Milwaukee Fourteen.” Encyclopedia of Milwaukee. https://emke.uwm.edu/entry/milwaukee-fourteen/
• Presbrey, Paul. “Draft Vandalism Willful? Jury Hears Father’s Beliefs.” Minneapolis Star. 12/2/1966.
• Roden, Renee. “Book paints the Camden 28 as 'Spiritual Criminals.' But were their actions effective?” National Catholic Reporter. 2/22/2025. https://www.ncronline.org/culture/book-reviews/book-paints-camden-28-spiritual-criminals-were-their-actions-effective
• Rothman, Lily. “This Photo Shows the Vietnam Draft-Card Burning That Started a Movement.” Time. 10/15/2015. https://time.com/4061835/david-miller-draft-card/
• Sadowski, Dennis. “After 50 years, draft board protesters insist what they did was right.” National Catholic Reporter. 9/1/2018. https://www.ncronline.org/news/after-50-years-draft-board-protesters-insist-what-they-did-was-right
• Silver, Maayan. “Member Of The Milwaukee 14 Reflects 50 Years After Draft Card Burning.” WUWM. 9/25/2018. https://www.wuwm.com/podcast/wuwm-news/2018-09-25/member-of-the-milwaukee-14-reflects-50-years-after-draft-card-burning
• Stanford University Libraries. “The Berrigans & the Catonsville Nine, 1968-1972.” https://exhibits.stanford.edu/fitch/browse/the-berrigans-the-catonsville-nine-1968-1972
• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Lyndon B. Johnson". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Mar. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lyndon-B-Johnson. Accessed 20 March 2025.
• The Harvard Crimson. “Six Draft Boards Raided; Paint Thrown on Records.” 11/10/1969. https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1969/11/10/six-draft-boards-raided-paint-thrown/
• Walsh, Lori. “The Camden 28: Standing Against The Vietnam War.” SDPB. 9/8/2017. https://www.sdpb.org/margins/2017-09-08/the-camden-28-standing-against-the-vietnam-war
• Zinn Education Project. “Aug. 21, 1971: Anti-war Protesters Raid Draft Offices.” https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/anti-war-protesters-raid-offices/
• Zunes, Stephen and Jesse Laird. “The US Anti-Vietnam War Movement (1964-1973).” International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. January 2010. https://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/us-anti-vietnam-war-movement-1964-1973/

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The draft board raids were part of an antiwar movement, largely grounded in Catholic religious convictions, that spanned almost four years. Part one covers the basic context of the Vietnam War and why the U.S. was involved in the first place, and the earliest raids on draft boards.

Research:

• "Statement: the Boston Eight" Newsletter. ULS Digital Collections. https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3A31735058194170
• “Draftees ‘Lost’ in Raids Immune for January.” Boston Globe. 12/10/1969.
• “Draftees ‘Lost’ in Raids Immune for January.” The Boston Globe. 12/10/1969.
• “Hardy Rites Tomorrow.” Camden Courier-Post. 10/4/1971.
• Arnold, Hillel. “Draft Board Raids.” https://hillelarnold.com/draft-board-raids/
• Associated Press. “Testify FBI Had Role in N.J. Break-in.” De Moines Register. 5/21/1973.
• Astor, Maggie. “Their Protest Helped End the Draft. 50 Years Later, It’s Still Controversial.” New York Times. 5/19/2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/19/us/catonsville-nine-anniversary.html
• Berrigan, Frida. “50 years later, the spirit of the Catonsville Nine lives on.” Waging Nonviolence. 5/16/2018. https://wagingnonviolence.org/2018/05/catonsville-nine-50-years-later/
• Cassie, Ron. “Trial by Fire.” Baltimore. May 2018. https://www.baltimoremagazine.com/section/historypolitics/50-years-ago-catonsville-nine-sparked-national-wave-of-vietnam-war-resistance/
• Dear, John. “The Camden 28.” National Catholic Reporter. 9/18/2007. https://www.ncronline.org/blogs/road-peace/camden-28
• Enoch Pratt Free Library. “Fire and Faith: The Cantonville Nine File.” 2005. http://c9.digitalmaryland.org/
• Fisher, James T. “Debating 'The Camden 28': A scholar and an activist discuss a new film about the Catholic Left.” America: The Jesuit Review. 9/17/2007. https://www.americamagazine.org/issue/625/100/debating-camden-28
• Fisher, James T. “Debating 'The Camden 28': Activist nuns, punk rock and the demise of the Catholic Left.” America: The Jesuit Review. 9/17/2007. https://www.americamagazine.org/issue/625/100/debating-camden-28-0
• Friedman, Jason. “Draft Card Mutilation Act of 1965.” Free Speech Center. 7/2/2024. https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/draft-card-mutilation-act-of-1965/  
• Giacchino, Anthony, director. “Camden 28.” PBS Point of View. 2007.
• Gilette, Howard Jr. “Camden, New Jersey.” The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/essays/camden-new-jersey/
• Greenberg, Kyrie. “Camden 28 revisit court where they were tried for ’71 break-in to protest Vietnam War.” WHYY. 12/6/2018. https://whyy.org/articles/camden-28-revisit-court-where-they-were-tried-for-71-break-in-to-protest-vietnam-war/
• Hammond, Linda C. “FBI Says Informer Was Paid $7500.” Courier-Post. 5/30/1973.
• Hardy, Robert. “Affidavit.” Via Camden28.org.
• Kroncke, Francis X. “RESISTANCE AS SACRAMENT.” http://www.minnesota8.net/Kroncke/essays/resistance.htm
• Lacy, Tim. “The Media Raiders: The FBI, Hoover, and the Catholic Left.” Society for U.S. Intellectual History. https://s-usih.org/2024/12/media-raiders-fbi-hoover-catholic-left/
• Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Photos: The Milwaukee 14 - a fiery '68 protest against the Vietnam War.” 9/20/2016. https://www.jsonline.com/picture-gallery/life/2016/09/20/photos-the-milwaukee-14---a-fiery-68-protest-against-the-vietnam-war/90517276/
• Mische, George. “Inattention to accuracy about 'Catonsville Nine' distorts history.” National Catholic Reporter. 5/17/2013. https://www.ncronline.org/news/justice/inattention-accuracy-about-catonsville-nine-distorts-history
• Nelson, Paul. "Minnesota Eight." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/minnesota-eight
• Nelson, Paul. “The Minnesota Eight’s attempts to destroy draft files during the Vietnam War were mostly unsuccessful.” MNopedia via MinnPost. 6/15/2020. https://www.minnpost.com/mnopedia/2020/06/the-minnesota-eights-attempts-to-destroy-draft-files-during-the-vietnam-war-were-mostly-unsuccessful/
• Nixon, Richard M. “The Great Silent Majority.” https://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/nixon-silent-majority-speech-text/
• Norland, Rod. “Camden 28 Trial Looks to Juror No. 10.” The Philadelphia Inquirer. 5/20/1973.
• O’Farrell, Sean. “Milwaukee Fourteen.” Encyclopedia of Milwaukee. https://emke.uwm.edu/entry/milwaukee-fourteen/
• Presbrey, Paul. “Draft Vandalism Willful? Jury Hears Father’s Beliefs.” Minneapolis Star. 12/2/1966.
• Roden, Renee. “Book paints the Camden 28 as 'Spiritual Criminals.' But were their actions effective?” National Catholic Reporter. 2/22/2025. https://www.ncronline.org/culture/book-reviews/book-paints-camden-28-spiritual-criminals-were-their-actions-effective
• Rothman, Lily. “This Photo Shows the Vietnam Draft-Card Burning That Started a Movement.” Time. 10/15/2015. https://time.com/4061835/david-miller-draft-card/
• Sadowski, Dennis. “After 50 years, draft board protesters insist what they did was right.” National Catholic Reporter. 9/1/2018. https://www.ncronline.org/news/after-50-years-draft-board-protesters-insist-what-they-did-was-right
• Silver, Maayan. “Member Of The Milwaukee 14 Reflects 50 Years After Draft Card Burning.” WUWM. 9/25/2018. https://www.wuwm.com/podcast/wuwm-news/2018-09-25/member-of-the-milwaukee-14-reflects-50-years-after-draft-card-burning
• Stanford University Libraries. “The Berrigans & the Catonsville Nine, 1968-1972.” https://exhibits.stanford.edu/fitch/browse/the-berrigans-the-catonsville-nine-1968-1972
• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Lyndon B. Johnson". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Mar. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lyndon-B-Johnson. Accessed 20 March 2025.
• The Harvard Crimson. “Six Draft Boards Raided; Paint Thrown on Records.” 11/10/1969. https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1969/11/10/six-draft-boards-raided-paint-thrown/
• Walsh, Lori. “The Camden 28: Standing Against The Vietnam War.” SDPB. 9/8/2017. https://www.sdpb.org/margins/2017-09-08/the-camden-28-standing-against-the-vietnam-war
• Zinn Education Project. “Aug. 21, 1971: Anti-war Protesters Raid Draft Offices.” https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/anti-war-protesters-raid-offices/
• Zunes, Stephen and Jesse Laird. “The US Anti-Vietnam War Movement (1964-1973).” International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. January 2010. https://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/us-anti-vietnam-war-movement-1964-1973/

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This 2017 episode covers Lucille Ball, the grande dame of American comedy. The famed star worked in modeling, radio and film, but she really made her mark in television, and her work set the standard for the TV sitcom.

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Tracy and Holly talk about Dorothy Arzner's reluctance to talk about her past projects. Holly questions some of the statistics about strawberry consumption. 

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The story of how strawberries went from small forage item to one of the world’s most popular fruits – though they're technically not a true fruit – involves lots of crossbreeding experimentation, as you might expect, but also a bit of spy craft.

Research:

• “A Transatlantic Tango: The Story of the Strawberry. Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/grow-your-own/features/history-of-the-strawberry#:~:text=It%20is%20hard%20to%20believe,back%20on%20fortifications%20near%20Concepci%C3%B3n. 
• Allen, Mike. “The 18th-Century Spy Who Gave Us Big Strawberries.” Atlas Obscura. Nov. 16, 2017. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/big-strawberries-spy-chile-france 
• Barnes, Monica. “Frezier, Amédée François (1682-1773).” American Museum of Natural History. January 2008. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280567727_Frezier_Amedee_Francois_1682-1773
• Darrow, George M. “The Strawberry: History, Breeding and Physiology.” New York. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1966. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/strawberryhistor00darr/mode/1up
• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "strawberry". Encyclopedia Britannica, 29 Jun. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/plant/strawberry
• Folta, K.M., Barbey, C.R. “The strawberry genome: a complicated past and promising future.” Hortic Res 6, 97 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-019-0181-z
• Grubinger, Vern. “History of the Strawberry.” University of Vermont. June 2012. https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/strawberryhistory.html
• Hancock, J.F. “Strawberries.” Oxford University Press. 2000.
• Petruzzello, Melissa. "list of plants in the family Rosaceae". Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Mar. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-plants-in-the-family-Rosaceae-2001612
• Sevilla, Elisa, and Ana Sevilla. “STRAWBERRY.” New World Objects of Knowledge: A Cabinet of Curiosities, edited by Mark Thurner and Juan Pimentel, University of London Press, 2021, pp. 207–12. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1vbd275.34
• “Strawberry Facts.” University of Florida Gulf Coast Research and Education Center. https://gcrec.ifas.ufl.edu/fruit-crops/strawberries/strawberry-facts/
• Sytsma, Kenneth J.. "Rosaceae". Encyclopedia Britannica, 28 Feb. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/plant/Rosaceae

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Dorothy Arzner wasn’t the first female film director in the U.S., but she was really the only one working in the studio system during most of the period that’s known as the Hollywood Golden Age. Her short career was still incredibly prolific.

Research:

• "Dorothy Arzner." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, Gale, 2022. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631009688/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=19d5d3af. Accessed 11 Mar. 2025.
• Bryant, Sara. “Dorothy Arzner’s Talkies: Gender, Technologies of Voice, and the Modernist Sensorium.” Modern Fiction Studies , Summer 2013, Vol. 59, No. 2, Women's Fiction, New Modernist Studies, and Feminism (Summer 2013) Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26287651
• Casella, Donna R. “What Women Want: The Complex World of Dorothy Arzner and Her Cinematic Women.” Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media , SPRING & FALL 2009, Vol. 50, No. 1/2 (SPRING & FALL 2009). https://www.jstor.org/stable/41552560
• Chuba, Kirsten. “Francis Coppola Helps Paramount Dedicate Building to Pioneer Director Dorothy Arzner.” Variety. https://variety.com/2018/film/news/dorothy-arzner-paramount-building-francis-coppola-1202715056/
• D’Alessandro, Anthony. “Francis Ford Coppola & Paramount Dedicate Studio Building To Trailblazing Female Filmmaker Dorothy Arzner.” Deadline. 3/1/2018. https://deadline.com/2018/03/francis-ford-coppola-paramount-dorothy-arzner-jim-gianopulos-1202307320/
• Field, Allyson Nadia. “Dorothy Arzner.” Women Film Pioneers Project. https://wfpp.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-dorothy-arzner/
• Geller, Theresa L. “Arzner, Dorothy.” Senses of Cinema. 5/2003. https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2003/great-directors/arzner/
• Kuperberg, Julia & Clara. “Dorothy Arzner, Pioneer, Queer, Feminist.” Wichita Films. 2022.
• Lane, Christina. "Directed by Dorothy Arzner." Velvet Light Trap, fall 1996, pp. 68+. Gale OneFile: Business, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A90190315/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=04146780. Accessed 11 Mar. 2025.
• Levy, Carly. “Dorothy Arzner: The Only Female Director of the Golden Age.” Video Librarian. 4/21/2023. https://videolibrarian.com/articles/essays/dorothy-arzner-a-golden-age-era-female-director/
• Lewis, Maria. “Dorothy Arzner: mother of invention.” ACMI. https://www.acmi.net.au/stories-and-ideas/dorothy-arzner-mother-invention/
• Lugowski, David M. “Queering the (New) Deal: Lesbian and Gay Representation and the Depression-Era Cultural Politics of Hollywood's Production Code.” Cinema Journal , Winter, 1999, Vol. 38, No. 2 (Winter, 1999). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1225622
• Madsen, Axel. “The Sewing Circle : Hollywood's greatest secret : female stars who loved other women.” London : Robson. 1996.
• Mayer, So. “Dorothy Arzner: Queen of Hollywood.” BFI. 3/7/2015. https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/features/dorothy-arzner-queen-hollywood
• Norden, Martin F. “Exploring the work of Dorothy Arzner as a film-making teacher in southern California.” Film Education Journal. 2022. https://doi.org/10.14324/FEJ.05.2.01
• Norden, Martin F., editor. “Dorothy Arzner: Interviews.” University Press of Mississippi. 2024.
• Tangcay, Jazz. “Women Were Better Represented in Hollywood During the Silent Film Era, AFI Study Reports (EXCLUSIVE).” 1/6/2023. https://variety.com/2023/film/news/women-hollywood-silent-film-era-american-film-institute-afi-1235480998/
• Tatna, Meher. “Forgotten Hollywood: Dorothy Arzner.” Golden Globes. 2/16/2022. https://goldenglobes.com/articles/forgotten-hollywood-dorothy-arzner-articles-forgotten-hollywood-dorothy-arzner/
• Tietjen, Jill S. and Barbara Bridges. “How Women Were Pushed Out of Hollywood—and Fought Their Way Back In.” Excerpt from "Hollywood: Her Story" The Helm. 4/22/2021. https://thehelm.co/hollywood-herstory-book/

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This 2017 episode covers the early days of Hollywood, and its reputation for debauchery. When a high-profile director was murdered, it added to that image, and revealed that Taylor, like so many in Hollywood, had lots of secrets.

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