In this Advanced Med-Surg episode, we review head injuries, including open and closed head trauma and their classification as mild, moderate, or severe based on Glasgow Coma Scale findings. We’ll cover major types of brain injury such as concussion, contusion, diffuse axonal injury, and intracranial hemorrhage, along with associated risk factors and expected clinical manifestations. The episode emphasizes priority nursing assessments, early recognition of increased intracranial pressure, and critical interventions to maintain airway, oxygenation, and cerebral perfusion. Nursing management related to cervical spine stabilization, diagnostic testing, medication therapy, and prevention of complications such as brain herniation, seizures, and fluid-electrolyte imbalances is highlighted throughout. This focused review helps nursing students apply clinical judgment and prioritize care for clients with traumatic head injuries.

Source: All information in this podcast is based on ATI Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing, Chapter 15