Before It Happened

Impact investing is a rising trend. The massive amount of transactions online is helping users to shape the growth of companies they believe in. Eddy Soffer joins the show to talk about his role at Interactive Brokers helping manage their ESG platform Impact that specializes in environmental, social, and corporate governance investing. He explains how investors—particularly among the millennial and Gen Z demographics—increasingly drive change by voting with their wallets. We also cover topics like greenwashing and the protocols and measurements that businesses need to establish now to stay relevant.

If you’re a decision maker inside a company, tune in and learn why representation, equity and sustainability are important, not only for brand loyalty, but to create better team environments, products, solutions and ideas.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(02:35) - Growing up all around the globe: Eddy’s multicultural background, MBA experience and his first job - “Whenever there are things that seem insurmountable or challenging, I always remind myself of the time when I first arrived and I was able to do it in such a great way, kind of like facing your fears.”

(07:42) - The new finance crusader: Eddy’s first approach to the concept of ESG and how it has evolved - “There are people in my generation that are sustainable and conscious, but the millennials and the gen Z's are the ones that are leading the force. They're growing up. It's the power of the wallet.”

(12:04) - Interactive Broker’s IMPACT app and why younger generations are so values-driven - “We have racial equality, LGBTQ inclusion, pure water, clean air, ocean life… We're very proud of those 13 values.”

(17:19) - Greenwashing and the biggest challenges of values investing - “The EU itself already has regulatory requirements for companies that are publicly listed that tells them exactly how to disclose on sustainability elements. That is coming to the US very soon.”

(23:32) - How a Fortune 500 company can build on their diversity and inclusion - “Be honest about the challenges you're having and some of the things that you're seeing and how you plan to address them. It has to start from the leaders.”

(27:03) - Sustainable trends, value alignment and crypto investing - “This is the power of the consumer, not just through their voice, but through their money. And so that is driving everybody on top of the chain to start responding and creating ESG products.”

(35:01) - Eddy’s advice for those interested in pursuing a career in ESG - “The element of passion is something that will definitely stick out. So bring that to the table.”

EPISODE RESOURCES: 

Connect with Eddy on LinkedIn

Learn more about Interactive Brokers and their IMPACT app

Read Traders Magazine’s Interactive Brokers Launches ‘IMPACT’ Mobile Trading Platform for Socially Conscious...

Pretty soon, blockchain technology is going to touch just about everything you can imagine, including the food we eat. In this episode, Niamh O’Connell, BlockW Co-founder and Senior Business Development Manager at CasperLabs, joins the show to cover many questions around blockchain technology and how it’s creating smarter supply chains for the future. Niamh talks about her work at CasperLabs, going deep into how NFTs can impact the food and beverage industries and how we can reach more energy-effective blockchains. Tune in and discover more about NFTs and the new economies they’re helping shape!

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(02:52) - Niamh’s first introduction to blockchain technology in 2015 - “Given the fact that you can trust this technology, it has a massive opportunity to really replace all types of systems and build them from the ground up.”

(07:42) - Niamh explains blockchain, NFTs and her role at CaperLabs - “Now that you're able to prove the ownership, you're also able to think about how to use this in a fractionalized sense where more people can participate and own assets.”

(14:00) - Automation, verification and authentication: What is blockchain really replacing? - “The FDA is going to bring a new rule in November where anyone in the food industry has to be able to maintain records associated with any critical events and blockchain is a massive potential contender for that.”

(21:25) - How producers, suppliers and consumers can use blockchain technology - “You can even just pull up just very basic information where you can see the GPS coordinates along the supply chain, where it's come from, if it was in fact organically made, and you could click on the certificate that proves in fact that it is organic.”

(26:09) - Metacask Whisky - a CasperLabs use case - “What's important there is: with time, it will become more valuable. So if you're able to prove the history and the ownership and when that was made and crafted, that's important for you as a buyer.”

(27:49) - Blockchain-based career opportunities - “New types of economies are literally being formed, right? NFTs, content creators, even freelancers today. What they can do either on the developer side or brand ambassador side is pretty powerful.”

(31:38) - Smart contracts, scalability and blockchains’ carbon footprint - “Once the technology is at a place that has been regulated to a certain extent, there's more penetration of use cases across verticals and real life applications, and the technology itself in the form of mobile applications are in the hands of consumers, then we will start to see a massive change.”

EPISODE RESOURCES: 

Connect with Niamh O’Connell on Linkedin and Twitter 

Learn more about CasperLabs

Invest in Spirits Baked NFTs at Metacask

Watch Niamh on Robert Ventures Youtube Interview Series: CasperLabs: Building a Blockchain Purpose Built for Enterprise

Thank you for listening! Follow

Dreaming of space is something many of us have done as kids, but as we grow up, we start to learn that there are only a few seats in every cabin, and not everyone is well represented in that group. Kim Macharia is the Executive Director of the Space Prize Foundation and Chairman of the Board of the Space Frontier Foundation. And it’s Kim’s personal mission to make it easier for women and people of color to work in the field. In this episode, we talk about how a space camp jacket and a screenplay led to the start of Kim’s galactic career journey and how her work inside two nonprofits is helping send more people into space.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(01:28) - The screenplay that got Kim interested in space democratization - “I met a few startup founders, a few folks from NASA, a really solid variety of people and I just simply began telling people my story and what I hope to accomplish in the industry.”

(09:21) - How the Space Frontier Foundation is engaging with underrepresented groups - “We realize that we've been keeping women and other underrepresented groups out of this field for too long and we're stifling innovation because of it.”

(16:49) - Making women the stars: Kim’s role inside Space Prize - “We're launching a global contest this summer where two young deserving women will get the chance to go to the edge of space, via Space Perspective, which is like a capsule that sends you to space.”

(21:13) - Kim shares success stories from Space Prize programs - “We actually had the opportunity through a partnership with The Female Quotient and we had all 24 of our finalists featured on a billboard in Times Square for a week.”

(24:05) - Diversity and the impact of space innovation - “This is an industry that's growing and you can come in here and learn. It's okay to make mistakes. It's okay to be challenged. This is a challenging field, but if you're determined enough, you can make a place for yourself.”

EPISODE RESOURCES:

Connect with Kim on LinkedIn, Twitter and Instagram

Learn more about the Space Frontier Foundation & the Space Prize

Thank you for listening! Follow Before IT Happened on Instagram and Twitter, and don’t forget to subscribe, rate and share the show wherever you listen to podcasts! 

Before IT Happened is produced by Donna Loughlin and StudioPod...

Technology isn’t neutral: all technologies were created with a purpose, says Dr. Deb Doing a literature professor at Cal Poly whose work focuses on the intersection between technology and human rights. What does it mean to be human in the age of tech? How does technology shape our future on a day-to-day basis? And most importantly, what about ethics and how we behave through technological tools? In an age where we depend so heavily on technology, Deb says we need to look further and ask developers to think more critically and act more ethically when developing their technologies.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(02:31) - Deb Donig on growing up and being encouraged to serve others - "I had instilled in me from a very young age that women can do everything, that our interventions are important, that we're valuable as professionals.”

(04:03) - Deb's mother's life growing up in South Africa during the apartheid - "In that tight period between the end of WWII and the beginning of the official institutionalized apartheid system, Jews weren't really either black nor white. They were in this indeterminate, intermediate space."

(07:17) - How Deb fell in love with literature, and her fascination for the non-human world -  "Sometimes I like to say that I will sit down to work and have my lap dog on one side and my laptop on the other side. I like to think about the symbiosis between those."

(09:25) - Deb’s Jewish heritage and her love of literature - “There's a saying that because Jews have historically been exiled and lived around the world, it’s said that Jews come together around shared textuality. For me, it's an intuitive part of who I am."

(12:48) -  Going back to her South African roots almost by accident - “I discovered a part of myself and a part of my family that I had never really encountered as an adult. I came back from South Africa, directed the New England Holocaust Memorial for a couple of years, and discovered there was a question about narrative. How do we remain, how do we tell the story?"

(15:16) - The intersection of technological innovation and human rights - “We’re talking about questions of whether our democracy was being ruled by algorithm; about questions of free speech on online platforms. All of those were human rights issues and tech is right at the center of it.” 

(21:18) - Can we build this… or should we? How Deb teaches young people ethics in technology as an English literature professor -   “I’m still trying to figure out the answer myself. What I say to them is that before we can build anything, we first have to imagine it. It matters how we imagine.”

(24:59) - Deb explains why some people struggle with the ‘ethical technology’ movement - “When we talk about ethics we’re not talking about laws and regulation. There shouldn’t be an ethical technology movement. There should be laws.”

(27:25) - On ‘ethics washing’ - “It doesn't matter how many ethical actors you have. It doesn’t matter how many people you hire. It's a matter of who the CEO is and what kind of priorities your company has built into it. You can’t put an ethical prosthetic on your company.” 

(32:13) - The dichotomy between how technology can support and hurt us  - “A phone can be a distraction and it can be an attention suck, but it can be a life-saving mode of connection at times, both in terms of our mental and physical health.”

EPISODE RESOURCES:

Connect with Deb Donig on

Food is an emotional and cultural experience. There is no easy way to replace the traditional ingredients that come from animals, but it may no longer be necessary to think about ‘replacing’ them. In this episode, David Bucca, Founder and CEO of Change Foods, joins the show to talk about the company’s game-changing approach to making dairy-free cheese. David also shares the pivotal moment when he decided to leave his aerospace career behind to start this entrepreneurial adventure. Join us in this delicious conversation and be part of this gooey, stretchy and melty revolution!

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(01:32) - From aerospace engineer and pilot to cheese revolutionary - “I've always been very diverse in lots of different interests and wanting to pursue different paths. So it was actually going to be either music or aerospace engineering.”

(04:31) - David’s primary role as an engineer working for Boeing and Airbus - “I spent a year in Hamburg and worked for Airbus, but that was more in flight dynamics. So I was working in a simulator, which was pretty fun because I managed to fly around a little bit and crashed a few times.”

(06:38) - The big bang moment: David’s switch to engineering cheese - “The skillset from aerospace is perfectly suitable to the challenges that we're facing in food technology.”

(14:29) - Why Change Foods is focusing on dairy - “I love the fact that it was still a cell-based technology and that it can recreate bio identical compounds. However, it was also a technology that's been already used for 30 to 40 years in many other food applications.”

(18:43) - Understanding microbes’ role in the cheese production process - “I loved that idea of actually not necessarily stopping beautiful traditions, but rather working with them and just revolutionizing them in a different way.”

(22:53) - From Australia to Silicon Valley - “There's some fantastic innovations and tech that comes out of Australia, but they are typically commercialized in other more substantial markets that you can leverage the resources of.”

(27:57) - Products that Change Foods is currently developing - “The revolutionary thing is that we haven't actually eaten it yet. We have smelled it and played around with it, but until it's produced in a food grade facility, that's when we'll actually be able to eat it.”

EPISODE RESOURCES:

Connect with David on Linkedin, Twitter and Instagram

Learn more about Change Foods

Read Bloomberg’s Cow-Free Cheese Startup’s ‘Holy Grail’ Quest Wins Big Backers

Read Green Queen’s Animal-Free Dairy Startup Change Foods Closes Record $12 Million Seed Extension To Disrupt Cheese

Listen to Before IT Happened’s:

The meat industry is known for following dirty and often inhumane processes. But the fact that meat consumption is such an ancient practice doesn’t mean that it can’t be reinvented. In this episode of Before IT Happened, Donna meets Paul Shapiro, author of the bestseller Clean Meat: How Growing Meat Without Animals Will Revolutionize Dinner And The World. As the book’s title suggests, Paul is hopeful of rendering the factory farming system totally obsolete. They discuss his decision to become vegan at age 13, the mysteries and virtues of the fungi kingdom and the possibilities of alternative meat experiences in the future.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(01:17) - Discovering veganism as a young teenager - “I thought ‘Wow, not only can you abstain from eating animal products, but you can actually thrive as the world's number one athlete and be vegan’.”

(06:30) - The Compassion Over Killing Club - “I decided to shift it from being a high school club at my Washington DC high school to being really like a DC-wide organization. And so I expanded it out and more and more adults started getting involved.”

(09:25) - How animal rights have evolved - “Nobody stopped because they cared about geese. They stopped because metal fountain pens were invented.”

(14:30) - Understanding the benefits of fungi and the many ways to produce meat without killing animals - “Most of the time, when people think about fungi, they are thinking about mushrooms and they're not synonyms. Mushrooms are the fruiting body of the fungi.”

(17:28) - A new food pyramid: Why fungi, like animals, needs to be domesticated for human consumption - “This is an effort to optimize both the actual organism and the environment in which it's grown to make sure that we can produce the most efficient and most sustainable type of meat experience on the planet.”

(22:41) - The mission to render the factory farming system obsolete - “We want to create a world in which a factory farm is viewed as much as an archaic relic of an obsolete past as a whaling ship is.”

(27:04) - Conversations inside the meat industry, home based solutions and the future of meat consumption - “If we know that eating animals is a driving factor for pandemic risk, if we know it's the number one cause of deforestation, antibiotic resistance and cruelty and more, why not try to recreate meat without animals?”

EPISODE RESOURCES:

Connect with Paul on Twitter and at his website

Learn more about The Better Meat Co. and follow them on Instagram

Watch Paul’s Ted Talk: Clean meat: The clean energy of food

Read Paul’s book: Clean Meat

Thank you for listening! Follow

The EV revolution is speeding up. If it’s on wheels, chances are someone has figured out how to take it electric. But what has been the path that has brought us here? In this episode, Donna talks with Paul D’Orleans, founder of The Vintagest and possibly the world's foremost authority on the EV revolution happening on two wheels. We spoke about his passion for buying and repairing rare and vintage motorcycles models from around the world and the moment when he decided to share his expertise with the world through his blog The Vintagent. Paul also shared his views on what will push the EV revolution forward. Join us and discover why Paul’s knowledge of motorcycles' past is just as exciting as the future!

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(01:52) - Paul D’Orleans on his first motorbike and growing up in Stockton, California - “I cultivated a kind of street smarts or at least street awareness from an early age, but, you know, I was kid, so I mostly I had fun.”

(06:21) - Paul’s first business as a freelance painter in San Francisco and the vintage motorcycle scene in the 80s - “This was no ordinary unemployed hooligan club. These were people who all had college educations that loved carrying around on old British motorcycles.”

(12:25) All the way to the Soviet border: Paul’s motorcycle road trip to Europe in 1988 - “I was encouraged to take a trip in 1987 out to the Eastern Bloc to buy old motorcycles because there were quite a few ex-military and other machines and they were dirt cheap.”

(15:33) - The growing momentum for motorcycles in pop culture and the creation of The Vintagent - “I just started posting photos with one or two sentences at first. And then as I learned how to play that instrument, it became much more elaborate.”

(23:02) - Why it’s important to understand the history of electric vehicles and the present transitional phase - “In early January 2009, I was able to be the first press anywhere to break the story of the world's first electric superbike. Who knew that 10 years later, I would have that bike in one of my Peterson exhibits.”

(29:08) - What will really push the EV revolution forward - “If you want mass adoption, you need legislation. That's what happened in China. They banned small internal combustion motors from the center of their big cities. Boom! They got 4 million EVs on the road.”

EPISODE RESOURCES: 

Follow Paul on Instagram, Facebook

Read The Vintagent

Read Paul’s book The Current 

Learn more about the Petersen Museum in Los Angeles

See the latest street fashions on The Sartorialist 

Thank you for listening! Follow Before IT Happened on

In the midst of the Russian invasion in Ukraine, Daniel Tonkopi, CEO & founder at Delfast joins the show to talk about his entrepreneurial journey from Kyiv to California. While living in Ukraine, Daniel founded Delfast, a company that holds the Guinness World Record for the longest-range e-bike in the world. In the episode, we talked about how the company grew from a small delivery service in Kyiv to one of the leading producers of e-bikes in the world. Daniel also discussed running the company from its new headquarters in Southern California while most of his employees are still in Ukraine enduring the unspeakable terrors of war and violence.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(03:55) - Growing up in Kazakhstan - “We didn't have any access to additional resources, but I did have access to books, to my father's books, to other books about ecology and ecological problems.”

(09:25) - Daniel’s first impression of Silicon Valley - “I saw a car that could autonomously drive itself. And I understood. I realized clearly that Silicon Valley is the epicenter of all new technologies for the world.”

(13:48) - Earning the Guinness World Record - “We couldn't find any e-bikes with a big range, with good speed, with high durability. So we had to develop these bikes for ourselves. We were trying to solve our own problems.”

(20:20) - Delfast bikes today - “All the GPS tracking and history, even the temperature of the battery. It's a smartphone on two wheels.”

(23:06) - How the Russian invasion is affecting Delfast - “The main issue is our team members. They're safe now. Some of them are with a gun protecting Ukraine. Some of them are in bomb shelters. Some of them are in Kyiv. Some of them have left the country.”

(31:17) - How Daniel is working to support his team - “I go to rallies and meetings and I share pictures and videos to our team members from Ukraine. This is important to them, to see that people from another part of the world are supporting them.”

(36:17) - How Daniel hopes that Ukrainians will move forward - “I'm absolutely sure that after this war is finished, and it will be finished, we will create more innovations. We will create more Ukrainian companies with the help of the western world.”

EPISODE RESOURCES: 

Connect with Daniel Tonkopi on Linkedin 

Learn more about Delfast and follow them on Twitter

See Delfast’s Guinness World Record for the greatest distance traveled on an e-bike on a single charge

Read Insider’s The 7 best electric bikes in 2022, for city commuters, road cyclists, and mountain bikers

Read LAist’s

Drones may seem like something taken out of sci-fi, but for Rut Patel, the founder of Voyager Industries, they represented a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Rut’s philosophy relies on doing something that stands out. In this episode, we talk to him about how he applied this principle to his career, discovering how drones can make big tech improvements and even save lives. Join us and envision the drone’s multiple roles in our future everyday activities!

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(01:48) - Rut Patel's school years - “I was just always talking to people ‘Hey, do you have anything broken down? I can take a look’.”

(04:20) - Coming to America- “I was so hungry to learn English because the biggest gift I had was my people skills. That's what I developed in India.”

(13:11) - Rut’s first drone - “I realized I can also monitor the progress that construction companies are making. So I started knocking on their doors and saying, ‘Hey, if you like any progress monitoring from the drone, I can keep track of all your business.’

(17:49) - What makes Rut’s idea standout - “I started understanding their problem and only if I could solve this problem with technology, that's when I approached them with the solution, not even mentioning a drone.”

(22:16) - How drones can help in natural disasters - “As soon as the hurricane passed by, we go out and we fly the drones, look at all the power lines, cell towers and all the infrastructure, making sure it's safe for people to get back in.”

(26:38) - How (and why) Rut started manufacturing his own drones - “Black Wing is a fixed-wing drone that flies up to 100 miles per hour, goes 12 miles away and flies for two hours. So you can cover a pretty big area and it can carry a big payload.”

(29:43) - Drones and artificial intelligence - “With agriculture, it recognizes the brown spot surrounded by green and knows why it happened because we have enough data to train that model.”

EPISODE RESOURCES: 

Connect with Rut Patel on Linkedin and Instagram

Learn more about Voyager and follow them on Facebook

Watch Rut’s interview with Dave Talks Business: From American Immigrant on Minimum Wage to Tech CEO - Rut Patel of Voyager Industries

Read Florida’s Business Observer's Lofty ambitions: Drone-based businesses navigate their way to success

Thank you for listening! Follow Before IT Happened on Instagram and Twitter, and don’t forget to subscribe, rate...

The world's next leaders and CEOs are now going through the difficult task of applying to the best colleges and schools. Jason Ma works to make the most of this stage of life and prepare Gen Z to take the reins. Ma is the Founder, CEO, & Chief Mentor at ThreeEQ. In this episode Jason talks about his career and the different professional assets that led him to create a mentoring company for the young. Join us while we discuss the virtues of the ThreeEQ methodology and explore the things that Gen Zs have in common with other generations.

Before any world-changing innovation, there was a moment, an event, a realization that sparked the idea before it happened. This is a podcast about that moment — about that idea. Before IT Happened takes you on a journey with the innovators who imagined — and are still imagining — our future. Join host Donna Loughlin as her guests tell their stories of how they brought their visions to life. 

JUMP STRAIGHT INTO:

(02:41) - Jason Ma’s family roots and what it was like to move from Hong Kong to San Francisco as a kid  - “Once you ask a lot of good questions to your parents, you learn so much. Get to know your parents more. They might have some interesting stories for you.”

(06:56) - Jason’s first job - “I was literally a data scientist back then. Traffic analysis, putting together reports, writing some programs to improve productivity…”

(11:19) - How did Jason become an influential advisor focused on elite college admissions? - “So the Top 50 universities, we know exactly how the submission officers think, right? We hacked it, we perfected it.”

(13:13) - How is it like to work both with teenagers and veteran entrepreneurs? - “I'm not good with the kids that are not coachable or the adults that are not coachable. I require my students to be coachable. They're committed, resourceful, and decisive.”

(16:34) - Jason’s ThreeEQ methodology - “Some of the hard skills you learn might be obsolete 2, 3, or 4 years later. You have to keep at it. It is what it is. That's digital. ”

(25:01) - How the ThreeEQ bootcamp works - “I'm a tech CEO. I compounded college counseling, life coaching, leadership coaching, career coaching on top of my tech business savvy. So I integrate that. And I bring all these experiences and channel that into the student in ways that are fun for them.”

(32:06) - What should companies and employers know about working with Gen Zs? - “You have to leverage on people's strengths. Don't leverage on the weaknesses. If the weaknesses are necessary to be converted into a strength in the job, then help them. If not, then focus on their strengths and put them in the right position.”

EPISODE RESOURCES:

Connect with Jason on Linkedin and Facebook

Learn more about ThreeEQ

Read Jason’s book Young Leaders 3.0: Stories, Insights, and Tips for Next-Generation Achievers

Read Jason’s Forbes article How Unconventional, Experiential Learning Is Reshaping Higher Education

Thank you for listening! Follow Before IT Happened on