R-loops are structures that form when the nascent RNA hybridizes with the template DNA strand, displacing the non-template strand. Nascent RNA refers to the newly synthesized RNA molecule that is produced during the process of transcription. Transcription is the first step in gene expression where the information in a DNA sequence is used to create an RNA molecule. In addition to transcription, R-loops are involved in various biological processes, such as splicing, DNA repair and chromatin remodeling. However, when R-loop homeostasis is disrupted, they can also cause transcriptional impairment, genome instability and cellular dysfunction.

"R-loops have been shown and studied in a wide range of organisms and while they have important regulatory roles, persistent R-loops can be detrimental to cell function and survival, having been closely linked to both gene expression dysregulation and increased genome instability."

In a new editorial paper, researcher Hana Hall from the Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience at Purdue University, discusses the role of R-loops in neuronal aging and neurodegeneration. On September 13, 2023, her editorial was published in Aging’s Volume 15, Issue 17, and entitled, “R-loops in neuronal aging.” Hall summarizes her recent study and the current knowledge on how R-loop levels change during aging, how they affect gene expression and neuronal function, and how they are regulated by different factors.

Full blog - https://aging-us.org/2023/09/the-role-of-r-loops-in-neuronal-aging/

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205070

Corresponding author - Hana Hall - [email protected]

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Keywords - aging, R-loops, neuron, transcription, genome instability, neurodegeneration

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