42- “Body and Soul” and Coleman Hawkins 

Standards Rating 8- Difficulty Rating 7 

Coleman "Hawk" Hawkins was a pioneering jazz tenor saxophonist who transformed the instrument into a key vehicle for jazz improvisation. Born in Missouri in 1904, Hawkins began playing saxophone in his teens and joined Mamie Smith's Jazz Hounds in 1921. His breakthrough came in 1924 when he joined Fletcher Henderson's Orchestra, where his improvisational style evolved, influenced by Louis Armstrong. Hawkins's technical mastery, harmonic innovations, and rich tone were noted.

One of his most iconic recordings is his 1939 interpretation of "Body and Soul," where Hawkins showcased his ability to navigate complex harmonic structures with inventive phrasing, including sixteenth-note runs, rhythmic motifs, and arpeggiated figures. His approach to the song’s challenging chord changes set the standard for future bebop improvisation. The performance highlights his blend of vertical and linear improvisation, often moving far from the original melody and incorporating sophisticated rhythmic techniques. Hawkins spent much of his later career dividing his time between Europe and the U.S., collaborating with younger musicians like Thelonious Monk and Miles Davis and contributing to the bebop movement. His legacy as the first great tenor saxophonist in jazz endures, especially through landmark recordings like "Body and Soul."

Coleman Hawkins: https://youtu.be/zUFg6HvljDE?si=ML1j-MVSXVyR1yIt

Billie Holiday https://youtu.be/AXnQeb0rgpU?si=7C0ZX1Hbh0ZPWc5V

Curated Spotify Playlist

https://open.spotify.com/playlist/5bla6DuepTMq3kdzUlXTy7?si=6AKq37uOQ3qR0wBhyLSLQA