In this Business Talk episode, Dr. T.V. Paul, Distinguished James McGill Professor at McGill University, explores why nuclear weapons have not been used since 1945. Drawing on his book, ‘The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons’, he distinguishes between a “taboo” (an unthinkable act) and a “tradition” (a practised restraint shaped by reputation costs and self-deterrence).
Through historical crises - from Hiroshima and the Korean War to Cuba, Vietnam, and the Gulf Wars- Dr. Paul shows how leaders repeatedly considered, yet rejected, nuclear use. He highlights country-specific doctrines (US, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Israel, North Korea) and explains how norms, identity, and reputational concerns often matter more than pure deterrence logic. Today, he warns the tradition is under strain due to leadership deficits, technological change (AI, drones, hypersonics), and the fading of mass anti-nuclear movements. His recommendations include middle-power leadership, preventing the mixing of nuclear and conventional war plans, public education on nuclear history, step-by-step confidence-building, and reviving arms-control frameworks.
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2. Professor T.V. Paul shared key insights from his book, ‘The Tradition of Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons’, in an engaging episode of the Business Talk podcast; as the uploaded video contains copyrighted content, no changes to graphics, music, or the on-screen appearance of the author or host are permitted.