Welcome back for part 2 of the podcast about databases. In this half, we discuss several of the things we believe that developers should know about databases. From joins to unions, group by's and indexing, we try to touch on a lot of the items that most developers should at least be familiar with when working with database systems.
News
Attended Build Guild Atlanta, a social gathering of developers who were talking shop in a relaxed, casual atmosphere.
http://atlanta.buildguild.org/
Met at a place called the Joystick Gamebar - apparently has some insanely good french fries:
http://joystickgamebar.com/dotPeek decompiler
http://www.jetbrains.com/decompiler/
Decompile AND Debug code that's not even your own!Make sure if you're hosting in "The Cloud", ensure that you've secured and backed up your assets as best as you can.Use multi-factor authentication if possibleUse strong passwordsBackup (maybe outside the cloud)
http://www.codespaces.com/OWASP Meetup - OWASP Mobile Vulnerabilities
http://www.meetup.com/OWASP-Atlanta/Checkout the Security Now Podcast
https://www.grc.com/securitynow.htmAnother 5 star review in iTunes!!! Be the next one!
Huge thanks to Skinner_MW
http://www.codingblocks.net/iTunesSome fantastic feedback from Jim Basilio on Java and Springboot in response to Episode 12
http://www.codingblocks.net/podcast/episode-12-what-do-you-want-to-be-when-you-grow-up-define-me/#comment-1492256782Tron Anderson left an excellent comment in Episode 13 regarding various ways to do the recursive queries. Must read for people looking how to query parent-child tables effectively
http://www.codingblocks.net/podcast/all-your-database-are-belong-to-us/#comment-1492256938Database Basics, and Maybe a TOUCH of Advanced Stuff
CROSS JOIN - cartesian product of two tables - every row in table 1 matched up with every row in table 2Careful! Doing this on large tables could crash your server!INNER JOIN - where the only rows you get back is when the data in table 1 matches the data in table 2 on the join conditionsOuter Joins - LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, FULL OUTERLEFT OUTER will return all records from the table on the left side of the join and any data that matches in the right table, otherwise the data in the right table will be nulledRIGHT OUTER will return all records from the table on the right side of the join and any data that matches in the left table, otherwise the data in the left table will be nulledFULL OUTER will return all data from both tables with the data that's common between the two tables fully filled in, otherwise, the data that's missing from each side will be nulledDatabase Normalization
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_normalizationCheckout @SqlKris on Twitter - runs a database blog on learning SQL and very helpful in responding to questions on Twitter
https://twitter.com/sqlkrisRefactoring databases can be very difficult - usually means refactoring a lot of application code, not to mention any stored procedures, views, etc that may live in the databaseOutlaw is still 21....Do you put your data interactions in a stored procedure or do you put that code in an application?Pros would be that you've centralized your database "logic"Where this doesn't work - if you need data from other systems and using linked servers is not an optionYou can join tables across databases (at least in SQL Server)Cardinality - one to one or one to manyTo subtype or not to subtype a table?If you decide to do this, you could have hundreds of tables and managing this through your application could be a major pain...but, the performance would be outstandingIf you don't do subtypes but you do the EAV route (Entity Attribute Value schema), it's easier to maintain but query performance wouldn't be as good as the subtyping
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entity%E2%80%93attribute%E2%80%93value_modelSet OperatorsUNION - appends two recordsets together (and throws out duplicates)UNION ALL - appends two recordsets together and keeps the duplicatesEXCEPT - returns all the rows in the first recordset unless it's in the second recordsetINTERSECT - returns all the rows that are common between the first recordset and the second recordset (similar to doing an INNER JOIN on every column being returned from the two tables being used)Check out SQL Authority
http://www.sqlauthority.comAggregating DataDifference between a HAVING and a WHERE clause? - Interview question asked in every developer interview known to man! :-)GROUP BY - used to "group" or aggregate data based off the provided columnsHave to use a GROUP BY when doing an AVG (average) or a SUM or a MAX, MIN, etc.Why no GROUP BY *????DISTINCT or GROUP BY - can do similar things if you're trying to remove duplicate valuesCOUNT(DISTINCT...)Row numbers - think paging - you want to get records between 100 and 120Oracle - rownumSQL Server 2005 and up - ROW_NUMBER()mySQL - start drinking heavilyWindowed Functions in SQL Server - GLORIOUSRANKDENSE RANKNTILEROW_NUMBER
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189798.aspxIs char...."char" as in you burnt our burgers, or is it "car" as in you drive it - PLEASE, leave your comment below!!!nvarchar vs varchar - if you will EVER need to store UNICODE (international characters, etc.), then go nvarchar...if not, save the space and use varcharTo Guid or not to Guid?! Why they suck as a primary key on your table (for performance)Parameterized queries - USE THEM!
OWASP in Episode 4
https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Query_Parameterization_Cheat_SheetWhat about SQL Developers who want to program?PHPPerl (similar to what database guys do with scrubbing data)Javascript - simple language to learn out of the box - extremely powerful with things like NodeJSPerformance in Databases
IndexesClustered Indexes - stores the data sorted in the table (makes your table a clustered table)Non-clustered indexes - stored outside the table but points back to the records in the main table storageCan index temp tables! Sometimes necessarySQL Server 2008 (and up) - Filtered IndexesCreating a ton of indexes is not always the right solution!Understanding fill factors - leaving space for wiggle room on an indexCAN be a performance bottleneck on inserts / updatesResources We Like
Doing Angular JS Right
http://www.artandlogic.com/blog/2013/05/ive-been-doing-it-wrong-part-1-of-3/Angular JS Application (full client/server)
https://github.com/angular-app/angular-app Authorization and Authentication in AngularJS
https://medium.com/opinionated-angularjs/techniques-for-authentication-in-angularjs-applications-7bbf0346acecSQL Online Book:
http://use-the-index-luke.com/HTML9 Boilerstrap....man this is awesome
http://html9responsiveboilerstrapjs.com/Tips of the Week
Joe's tip - SQL Fiddle
http://sqlfiddle.com/Allen's tip - Object initializers in C#
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb384062.aspxMichael's tips - Notepad++
http://notepad-plus-plus.org/Poor Man's T-SQL formatter
http://architectshack.com/PoorMansTSqlFormatter.ashxSQL Server Profiler
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff650699.aspx
