This episode explores the evolving landscape of modern conflict, focusing on cognitive warfare and the weaponization of information. It defines cognitive warfare as activities aimed at influencing attitudes and behaviors by manipulating individual, group, or population-level cognition, often in conjunction with other power instruments. The weaponization of information involves crafting and disseminating content—true, false, or mixed—to deceive or influence. The sources trace the historical evolution of these concepts from ancient doctrines and propaganda to their contemporary manifestations, amplified by the internet, social media, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), which enables sophisticated content generation and hyper-personalization. Finally, the episode identifies various perpetrators, including state actors like Russia and China, and non-state entities such as terrorist organizations, alongside a broad range of targets, from public opinion to democratic processes and individual cognition.

Research done with the help of artificial intelligence, and presented by two AI-generated hosts.