Shabbat: The Root of Exile and the Key to Redemption As we find ourselves in the Three Weeks, mourning the Churban Beit HaMikdash (Destruction of the Temple), we can find a profound connection between this period of exile and the holiness of Shabbat. The Gemara ( Masechet Shabbat 118b ) states a radical concept: If the Jewish people had fully kept the very first Shabbat, no nation would have ever been able to gain control over them. The Apparent Contradiction The Gemara derives this from the text in Shemot. Right after the Jewish people desecrated Shabbat by trying to collect the Manna ( Shemot 16:27 ), the Torah states, "Vayavo Amalek" —Amalek came and attacked ( Shemot 17:8 ). However, there is a textual problem. These two events do not happen right next to each other. In between the desecration of Shabbat and the arrival of Amalek, the Torah records the episode of Massah U-Merivah , where the people openly doubted God, asking: " היש ה' בקרבנו אם אין " ( "Is God among us or not?" ). We traditionally learn that Amalek attacks precisely when our faith wavers and we ask "Where is God?" If their lack of faith caused the attack, why does the Gemara blame it on the desecration of Shabbat? To use an analogy: If someone drinks Alka-Seltzer, then drinks cyanide, and dies—you cannot claim the Alka-Seltzer killed them. The cyanide did. Resolution: Shabbat Filters Our Emunah Rav Matityahu Salomon answers this using a passage from Yechezkel (20:12-13) . The prophet describes how God took the nation out of Egypt, gave them commandments, and they rebelled. Yechezkel highlights one specific sin: " ושבתותי חללו מאד " ( "And My Sabbaths they greatly desecrated" ), noting that this is why God initially wanted to destroy them in the desert. We usually associate the threat of destruction in the desert with the Sin of the Spies ( Meraglim ). Why does Yechezkel point to Shabbat? The Root and the Symptom: If not for the initial breakdown in Shmirat Shabbat (Shabbat observance), the Jewish people would never have developed doubts in their Emunah (faith). The only reason they asked "Is God among us?" at Massah U-Merivah, and the only reason they faltered during the Sin of the Spies, was because the spiritual shield of their Shabbat had been compromised. (Note: This identical insight was published 300 years ago by Rav Moshe Frankfurt in his Sefer Mincha Gedola). The Path to Geulah (Redemption) Just as Shabbat neglect is the root of exile, proper Shabbat observance is the fast track to the Geulah . The Gemara famously notes that if Israel keeps just two Shabbatot properly, they will be immediately redeemed. But how is it practically possible to get the entire global Jewish population to keep Shabbat perfectly all at once? 1. The Power of a Single Community Rav Matityahu Salomon ( Matnat Chaim, p. 205 ) quotes the Zohar Chadash (Parshat Noach) , which resolves this exact logistical question: If even one single synagogue or community sincerely returns to God and elevates their Shabbat together, the entire global exile will be gathered back in their merit. The responsibility doesn't fall on those who do not yet know the beauty of Shabbat; it falls on us—those who do know—to uplift our own observance. 2. The Anatomy of "Two Shabbats" The Sefer Apiryon (quoting Rav Teitelbaum , the Yismach Moshe , 1758–1841) takes this a step further. He explains that we technically only need to keep one Shabbat flawlessly—but a flawless Shabbat requires a specific framework: [Shabbat 1: The Source] ──> [6 Holy Weekdays] ──> [Shabbat 2: The Destination] To truly rest on the seventh day, the preceding six days of work must be infused with the holiness of the Shabbat that came before them. Therefore, to experience one perfectly integrated holy week, you naturally need to experience two Shabbatot —one to fuel the week, and one to conclude it. 3. Overriding the Laws of Nature A final, mind-boggling piece of this puzzle is found in Gemara Niddah 13b , which states that Mashiach cannot come until all destined souls ( Neshamot ) are born into the world. Tosafot poses a challenge: If keeping two Shabbatot can bring Mashiach instantly, what happens to the remaining unborn souls? Tosafot answers: The spiritual power of keeping two Shabbatot is so immense that God will alter the laws of nature. Much like the miraculous births in Egypt, mothers will instantly and safely give birth to multiple children at once, rapidly bringing all remaining souls into the world to clear the path for Mashiach. Conclusion Shabbat holds the ultimate spiritual leverage. When neglected, it weakens our foundational faith and leaves us vulnerable to exile. But when cherished and elevated—even by just one dedicated community—Shabbat possesses the supernatural power to alter reality, repair our Emunah , and bring the ultimate Geulah today.

The Three Weeks: Beginning with the End in Mind There is a well-known rule: סוף מעשה במחשבה תחילה (Sof ma'aseh b'machshava techilah) "The end of an action must first be conceived in thought." In other words: Begin with the end in mind. The Three Weeks culminate with Tisha B'Av. The specific text our Sages instituted for us to read on Tisha B'Av is Eicha (Lamentations). How does Eicha end? "Take us back, O Hashem, to Yourself, and we will return; renew our days as of old." (Eicha 5:21) These are the final words we recite. The Real Final Verse: A Deeper Reading Now, hold on. Someone might argue that this isn't actually the final verse of Eicha . The technical final verse is: "For even if You had utterly rejected us, You were only exceedingly angry with us." (Eicha 5:22) We normally repeat the previous verse ( Hashiveinu ) because we don't want to conclude on a negative note. However, the truth is that the absolute last verse is not actually negative. The Reishit Chochma ( Sha'ar HaTeshuva , Chapter 7) explains that the verse should be read like this: "If You were truly disgusted with us, You would have destroyed us completely in Your extreme anger. But we see that You did not destroy us completely." We are not wiped out; we are still here. We still have a remnant. Therefore, it is obvious that the purpose of the exile and the destruction was never to eliminate us, but rather to direct us to return to Him in teshuvah (repentance). Why then do we repeat the second-to-last verse ( Hashiveinu )? I saw once—though I don't recall the exact source—that the average person reading the literal text might misunderstand the final verse. They might mistakenly think it means God is genuinely and permanently disgusted with us. Therefore, we repeat Hashiveinu so nobody walks away with a mistaken impression of what Tisha B'Av is truly about. It is about Hashiveinu —returning. "Renew Our Days as of Old" The verse says: חדש ימינו כקדם ( Chadesh yameinu k'kedem ) — "Renew our days as of old." We want to go back to the old days. What does "the old days" mean? It means the era when Hashem dwelt among us in an open, revealed way. God still dwells with us today, but His presence is hidden. That is the core theme: We want to rejuvenate that old relationship. There is a fascinating Gemara in Masechet Berachot 3a that describes what happens when the Jewish people gather in Batei Knesiyot (synagogues) and Batei Midrashot (study halls) and declare: יהא שמיה רבא מברך ( Yehei Shmei Rabba Mevarach ) — "May His great Name be blessed..." The Gemara states that Hashem, so to speak, shakes His head back and forth and says: "Fortunate is the king whose children praise him in his house! What is there for a father whose children have been exiled from his table? And woe to the children who have left their father's table!" Hashem, as it were, bemoans the fact that we are not at His table, that we are scattered among the nations. Tur, Orach Chaim, Siman 56 ומה שאנו אומרין הקדיש בלשון תרגום And regarding that which we recite the Kaddish in the Aramaic language ( Lashon Targum ): יש אומרים מפני המלאכים שלא יתקנאו בנו שאנו משבחים שבח נאה כזה There are those who say it is on account of the angels, so that they should not become jealous of us because we are praising [Hashem] with such a beautiful praise. וגם שע"י זה הקב"ה נזכר לחורבן הבית וגלות ישראל And furthermore, because through this [praise], the Holy One, Blessed be He, recalls the destruction of the Temple and the exile of Israel, כדאיתא בפ"ק דברכות as it is brought down in the first chapter of Berachot (3a): בשעה שישראל עונין אמן יש"ר הקב"ה מנענע בראשו ואומר "At the hour when Israel responds, 'Amen, Yehei Shmei Rabba...', the Holy One, Blessed be He, shakes His head and says: אוי לבנים שגלו מעל שלחן אביהם 'Woe to the children who have been exiled from their Father's table, ומה לו לאב שככה מקלסין אותו בניו ורחקם מעל שלח נו and what is there for a Father whose children praise Him in this way, yet He has distanced them from His table?'" וכביכול שיש דאגה לפניו Thus, kavyachol (so to speak, as it were), there is distress and anguish before Him. ואם יבינו המלאכים זה יקטרגו עלינו And if the angels were to understand this, they would prosecute (bring accusations) against us [out of jealousy or judgment over our survival despite our failings]. ע"כ אומרים אותו בלשון שלא יבינו שאינן מכירין ארמית . Therefore, we recite it in a language they do not understand, as [the ministering angels] are not familiar with Aramaic. The Father-Child Connection Hashem "cries" for us daily. Think of a child who goes away to summer camp or to Israel; the child might be perfectly happy in their new environment and might not even miss home, but the parents back home are miserable. We have been in Galut (exile) for so many years that we have forgotten what it actually means to sit at our Father's table. The Zohar explains that we perform the mitzvah of sending away the mother bird ( Shiluach HaKen ) to arouse Hashem's mercy for His children. He hears the mother bird's cry and remembers His own children. Similarly, when a child says Kaddish for a deceased parent, they deeply miss that parent, and that act arouses Hashem's own "feelings." He sees an orphan reciting Kaddish , and it invokes— kavyachol (so to speak, since God does not possess human emotions)—that deep, intrinsic Father-son connection. Rav Nosson Wachtfogel, in his commentary on Tisha B'Av, notes the specific language used: the children were exiled from the Father's table. The table itself is still there. We still receive our sustenance from it; we are just no longer sitting directly at it. As we say in Birkat HaMazon : Shulchan aruch lakol —the table is set for everyone. We are still being fed from our Father's table. And that is the profound difficulty of life: We can have everything in the world, but our Father isn't openly there with us. That is what is missing. Avel vs. Aval : The Life of "But" The Hebrew letters for a mourner ( lo aleinu —may it not happen to us) are א-ב-ל ( Avel ). Often, when people are learning, they encounter this word and accidentally read it as אֲבָל ( Aval ), which means "but." There is an underlying homiletical truth here: The avel (mourner) lives a life defined by a "but." Lo aleinu , a person is at a beautiful wedding, but their father or mother is missing. The wedding is gorgeous, but the parent isn't there to see it. In semantics, there is a major difference between the words "and" and "but." If I say, "I like the cake, but it has blueberries in it," the "but" inherently detracts from or negates the first part of the sentence. If I say, "I like the cake, and blueberries are not my favorite," I am still holding onto the first statement while simply adding context. "And" adds; "but" subtracts. Our lives in exile are a life of "but." Everything can be fine—the wedding is beautiful— but we still break the glass to remember Jerusalem: "If I forget you, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget its skill." (Tehillim 137:5) There is always something vital missing. The job of the Three Weeks is to start missing our Parent again and to realize just how much He loves us. Correcting the Mistake of the Spies This dynamic traces back to the mistake of the very first Tisha B'Av. In Devarim 1:27 , when reviewing the tragic episode of the Spies, Moshe reminds the nation of what they grumbled in their tents: "Because Hashem hated us, He brought us out of the land of Egypt [to destroy us]." This verse appears in Parshat Devarim , which we always read on the Shabbat immediately preceding Tisha B'Av, specifically to remind ourselves of this foundational error. Just a few verses later, the Torah states: "...and in the wilderness, where you saw how Hashem your God carried you, just as a man carries his son..." (Devarim 1:31) Yet the very next verse admonishes: "Yet in this matter, you do not believe..." (Devarim 1:32) What does it mean that they didn't believe? Rashi explains that they didn't believe in God's promise to bring them into Eretz Yisrael. But the Ohr HaChaim HaKadosh offers a alternative explanation: "You don't believe that God carried you like a father carries his son." That is what they failed to believe. Notably, the Hebrew month in which Tisha B'Av falls is called Av ( אָב ) —which literally means "Father." Our goal, beginning with these Three Weeks, is to re-internalize that reality. The Parable of the Father and Son The Ohr HaChaim connects this back to Shemot 17:7 , where the Jewish people questioned: "Is Hashem among us or not?" Rashi there provides a famous parable: A father is carrying his son on his shoulders during a journey. The son meets a passerby and asks, "Have you seen my father anywhere?" The father responds, "I have been carrying you on my shoulders the entire time, and you ask where I am?" The father sets the child down, and immediately a dog comes and bites him—which symbolizes the sudden attack of Amalek. Moshe continues to recount how God went before them on the road with a pillar of fire by night and a pillar of cloud by day. All of these expressions of care are still happening. We are still being led by the cloud and the pillar of fire; we just don't visually see it. Creating the Yemei Ratzon (Days of Favor) I will conclude with a powerful quote from the Be'er Mayim Chaim ( Parshat Bo , Chapter 10). He writes that a person must constantly tell themselves: "Nothing in this world happens on its own; everything is decreed by Heaven. As our Sages taught, a person does not even stub their toe below unless it was decreed from Above. So why is God doing this specific thing to me? Isn't God good to all, as it says: 'Hashem is good to all, and His mercies are over all His works' (Tehillim 145:9)? It must be that God is doing this precisely because He wants me to remember Him and return to Him in teshuvah." The Be'er Mayim Chaim continues that when a person internalizes this—realizing that God's challenges are merely reminders to connect—then (to quote his exact words): שש ושמח ( Sas v'same'ach ) — "He becomes happy and joyful," filled with immense awe and pride seeing how much God supervises him individually to bring about that reconnection, כחיבת אב על בנו ( k'chibat av al b'no ) — "like a father's deep endearment for his son." As the verse in Mishlei 3:12 states: "For whom Hashem loves He rebukes, even as a father the son in whom he delights." This insight is unbelievable: We are the ones who create the Yemei Ratzon (the Days of Favor). The upcoming month of Elul is known as a time of Ratzon (Divine favor). How do we activate that favor? When we recognize that Hashem is actively watching over us, and we realize that even His rebuke stems from love, we awaken our own ratzon (desire to connect). That alignment brings about genuine joy ( sas v'same'ach ), leading right into the uplifting holiday season of Tishrei. Ultimately, these three weeks are the days designated for us to focus on the enduring truth that God is still our Father , and to genuinely yearn to return to the days of old. That is the true theme of the Three Weeks.

The Deep Opportunities of the Three Weeks: Balancing Truth, Peace, and Teshuva The Scriptural Source of the Fasts We begin our discussion on Shiva Asar B'Tammuz (the 17th of Tammuz) by looking at its earliest source in Tanach. In Zechariah 8:19 , the prophet states: "Koh Amar Hashem: The fast of the fourth, the fast of the fifth, the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth, will turn around to days of rejoicing, happiness, and moadim tovim (holidays). Therefore, love truth and peace ( V'ha'emet v'hashalom ehavu )." In Sephardic communities, this verse is traditionally used to formally announce the upcoming fasts of the 17th of Tammuz and the 10th of Tevet. According to Rashi , the four fasts mentioned correspond to the months of our exile: The Fourth Month: Tammuz ( Shiva Asar B'Tammuz ) The Fifth Month: Av ( Tisha B'Av ) The Seventh Month: Tishrei ( Tzom Gedalia ) The Tenth Month: Tevet ( Asara B'Tevet ) The Ultimate Balance: Emet (Truth) and Shalom (Peace) The Radak notes that the conclusion of the verse—"love truth and peace"—is actually the prerequisite. For these somber days to transform into holidays, we must cultivate both truth and peace. The Brisker Rav raises a powerful question: Seemingly, emet and shalom are contradictory. If a person stands strictly for absolute truth, conflict often follows. If a person pursues peace at all costs, they may compromise on the truth. How can they coexist? The answer lies in achieving a masterful, ultimate spiritual balance. We see this model exemplified by Pinchas. In Malachi 2:5 , the prophet refers to the covenant with the Kohanim: "My covenant was with him of life and peace ( chayim veshalom )." Referring to Pinchas. The Radak notes that Pinchas lived an exceptionally long life. But where do we see that he embodied peace? On the surface, his act of zealotry against Zimri seemed aggressive. Rav Shamshon Raphael Hirsch explains that by standing up for absolute truth ( emet ), Pinchas restored the fractured relationship between God and the Jewish people, thereby bringing ultimate, enduring peace ( shalom ). Sometimes, an act that appears disruptive is the very mechanism that establishes true peace. This is why he was uniquely granted the Beriti Shalom —the Divine "Peace Prize." Furthermore, verse 6 continues: "The Torah of truth was in his mouth, and he walked with Me in peace and uprightness." The Ibn Ezra explains that this blueprint defines Aharon HaKohen, Pinchas, and all future High Priests. Balancing unwavering truth with deep peace is the exact tool we need to transform the three weeks. The Spiritual Purpose of Fast Days What is the core purpose of these communal fasts? The Rambam ( Hilchot Ta'aniot 5:1) emphasizes that these fasts are an obligation for the entire nation, not just an act of extra piety. The Goal: To arouse the hearts ( lehitorer halevavot ) and open the pathways of repentance ( liftoach darkei teshuvah ). It is a time to remember that our current difficulties are rooted in the unresolved missteps of our history, giving us the opportunity to rectify them. A Hidden Hint: If you unscramble the Hebrew letters of the month Tammuz ( תמוז ) , they form the phrase Zemanei Teshuvah (times of repentance) are approaching. Early Sources for Mourning the Three Weeks While Zechariah introduces the fast days, other early sources point to a distinct status for the entire three-week period: Daniel 10:2-3: Daniel records that he fasted and abstained from meat and wine for "three full weeks." The Shibolei HaLeket (Siman 263) quotes Saadia Gaon , explaining that this is an early source for practicing physical customs of mourning throughout this entire period. Eicha 1:3: The verse states, "All her pursuers overtook her between the straits (bein hametzarim)." Rashi explains that "between the straits" refers to the literal bookends of the three weeks: the 17th of Tammuz and the 9th of Av. Overcoming Challenges: The 42 Travels The Sefer Avodat Yisrael (Parshat Masei) offers a beautiful, uplifting interpretation of this period. Accessibility of the King: The verse says "All her pursuers overtook her." On a deeper level, this means that anyone who "pursues" a connection with God can easily "attain" Him during these days. When a king is closed away in his palace, he is hard to reach. But when the king is out in the field, anyone can approach him. During the three weeks, the Divine presence is, so to speak, highly accessible to us if we call out. Mishlei 27:8 compares God during this time to a bird wandering from its nest—close, exposed, and reachable. The Vessel for the High Holidays: The Me'or Vashemesh (Parshat Pinchas) teaches that these three weeks form the necessary vessel ( kli ) to hold the intense spiritual lights of the upcoming High Holidays. Rav Wobe used to say "If you have a priceless, vintage wine but no glass, you cannot enjoy it." The High Holidays are the premium wine; the three weeks of introspection are the glass that holds it. The 42 Journeys: We always read Parshat Mattot-Masei during this time. If you take the 21 days of Bein HaMetzarim and count both their days and nights, they equal 42 . This corresponds to the 42 encampments of the Jewish people in the desert. Just as the nation experienced 42 travels globally, every individual goes through 42 personal life challenges and journeys. Experiencing the three weeks correctly allows us to elevate and sweeten those personal struggles. The Tzror Hamor (Bamidbar 33:1) adds that we review these desert travels specifically to plant a deep root of absolute trust ( bitachon ) in the future redemption . It reminds us that throughout history, despite the harsh terrains, Hashem watched over us closely. Even when the generation leaving Egypt was spiritually lacking, they were redeemed in the merit ( zechus ) of leadership like Moshe and Aharon. In our current, prolonged exile, Hashem continues to look over us and will send us the righteous leaders to redeem us. Practical Takeaways for the Fast The three weeks are fundamentally a period of tremendous spiritual opportunity, not just heavy mourning. They set the stage for the Sheva D'nechemta —the seven weeks of immense comfort that follow Tisha B'Av from Shabbat Nachamu until Rosh Hashanah. To tap into this energy, we must avoid the temptation on a fast day to just "make the day pass" by drowning ourselves in work until the final hours. Consider integrating these meaningful practices: Dedicate Introspective Time: Even in a busy office, close your door for 20 or 30 minutes to reflect on the meaning of the day and our relationship with our Creator. Recitng Tikkun Rachel : The Arizal suggests that even those who do not regularly recite Tikkun Chatzot throughout the year should make an effort during the three weeks to sit on the floor after midday ( chatzot hayom ) and recite Tikkun Rachel , mourning the destruction of the Temple. Note: The Kaf Hachayim (551:221-222) notes that this prayer is omitted on Friday afternoons, the day before Rosh Chodesh, Rosh Chodesh itself, and Tisha B'Av. The Shield of Mourning: Rav Chaim Palagi ) see Moed L'Kol chai 10:95 ) shares a profound spiritual rule regarding establishing a remembrance for the destruction ( Churban ): When a person willingly takes a small measure of sincere mourning for the Churban upon themselves, that act serves as a spiritual shield, protecting them from experiencing other personal reasons for grief. Take some time to study the specific halachot (laws) of the week of Tisha B'Av ( Shavua Shechal Bo ). Understanding the physical boundaries of these laws acts as a catalyst for genuine spiritual growth. Through sincere reflection, may we merit to see these days transform speedily from mourning into our ultimate joy.

The Hidden Light of the Three Weeks Welcome to Daily Bitachon. Today, we are discussing the spiritual messages embedded within the Three Weeks, and how they directly connect to our Bitachon (trust in Hashem). We mentioned previously that the three weeks of mourning between the 17th of Tammuz and Tisha B'Av—which are about to begin this Thursday—correspond to the three-week period from Rosh Hashanah until Shmini Atzeret and Hoshana Rabba. Whether you count 21 or 22 days, these two periods mirror one another. As the Sefer Maharsha explains, hidden within these three weeks of mourning is the tremendous light of the High Holidays and the joyous season of Sukkot. The Meor V'shemesh explains that this is why every year, usually right after Shivah Asar B'Tammuz (as we will this year), we read Parshat Pinchas. Parshat Pinchas contains the Torah portions detailing the Korbanot (communal offerings) for all the major holidays: Pesach, Shavuot, Rosh Hashanah, and Sukkot. By reading about these offerings now, we arouse the spiritual power of the very holidays we are destined to create during these three weeks. The Concept of Transforming Darkness What is the underlying concept here? We can understand this through a teaching from Rabbeinu Yona. A verse in Tehillim (Psalms) states: "Make us happy ( Samcheinu ) corresponding to the days You afflicted us ( k'yemot initanu ), the years we saw evil ( ra'inu ra'ah )." As an aside, I once heard a beautiful explanation of this: We pray for joy matching the days of pain where we " saw evil." It means it wasn't really evil; it only appeared that way to our human eyes. In truth, everything Hashem does is entirely good. In the second gate of Sha'arei Teshuvah (Letter 5), Rabbeinu Yona writes that a person who truly relies on Hashem should place their hope in Him even in the most dire situations, recognizing that the darkness is actually the cause of the light ( כי החושך סיבת האורה ). He brings a proof-text from the Prophet Michah: "Do not rejoice over me, my enemy, for though I have fallen, I have risen; though I sit in darkness, Hashem is my light." On a simple level, this means: I fell, but now I am up; I was in the dark, but now I have light. However, Rabbeinu Yona quotes Midrash Tehillim (on Chapter 22) which takes it deeper: If I hadn't fallen, I never would have gotten up. If I hadn't sat in the dark, I never would have experienced the light. The light coming from darkness and the rising from a fall is not an afterthought. The fall is a prerequisite for the rise. As it says, "A righteous man falls seven times and rises." He actually needs those seven falls in order to achieve those seven ascents. The Secret of Jewish Hope The Ramchal (Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto), the famous author of the Mesillat Yesharim , writes in his book Ma'amar Hageulah that this concept is the very secret of Jewish Bitachon ( סוד ביטחון ישראל )—the foundation of our enduring hope for the complete and speedy redemption. To bring about this ultimate redemption, vast spiritual preparations and cosmic effects are constantly at play. Those who study Kabbalah understand how this dynamic works: when the Jewish people feel that God is hiding Himself and has forsaken them, that is precisely the time when Hashem is constructing immense spiritual treasure houses. Metaphorically speaking, these treasure houses are limitless in size and grandeur, filled to the brim with the most magnificent jewels and diamonds. When these storehouses are filled to a capacity beyond what the mouth can express, the ear can hear, or the heart can conceive, Hashem will open them. At that time, the Jewish people will delight in unbelievable pleasures that were forged through their hard work during dark, difficult days. This is the true meaning of Simcheinu k'yemot initanu —"Make us happy corresponding to the days of pain." Throughout this long exile, whenever we experienced a lack of light, that light was never lost. Low Light Means Saved Light This is a mind-boggling concept. Hashem takes the light and stores it away in a treasure house. Imagine you were supposed to receive a daily dose of light, but instead, you experienced total darkness. That light didn't vanish; it was saved for later. Therefore, the darker the darkness, the greater the ultimate light will be, because more light is being preserved. "Low light" simply means "saved light." Following this framework, what are the moments of greatest potential light? A Holocaust, an Inquisition, a pogrom. Those were incredibly dark days, but the light was not lost; it was being stored away. Ultimately, we will merit a world of complete tranquility and serenity, where no moaning remains. To add to this point (independent of the Ramchal), the verse says: "Light is planted for the righteous ( Or zarua latzadik ), and joy for the upright in heart." We are planting light right now. And when you plant light, incredible things grow. Reflecting the Divine Light Midrash Rabbah (Shemot 15:27) notes that the moon represents the light of the Jewish people. Just as the moon has no light of its own but receives and reflects the light of the sun, the Jewish people receive and reflect the light of Hashem. The Midrash connects this to the verses, "Or zarua latzadik..." and "Arise, shine, for your light has come." This is the deeper meaning of "Hachodesh hazeh lachem" —"This month shall be to you." We are like the moon; we wax and we wane, we diminish and we grow, but we always retain the capacity to reflect the Divine light. This is exactly what is happening during these Three Weeks. We have to experience a certain level of darkness to cultivate that future light. We must mourn the destruction of the Temple and truly internalize what we are lacking. By moving through these Three Weeks in a state of spiritual darkness, we are actively creating the light of the future Geulah (redemption). It is a wonder of wonders to view the upcoming Three Weeks, starting this Thursday with Shivah Asar B'Tammuz, through this lens. B'ezrat Hashem , we will continue with these vital lessons, but this is a powerful, foundational concept to carry with us.

Daily Dose of Bitachon: The Power of "Yesh Li Kol" Welcome to the Daily Dose of Bitachon. We are continuing the topic of the difference between the approach of Yaakov and the approach of Eisav. Yaakov's approach is "Yesh li kol" — I have everything . The opposite of this is "V'chol zeh einenu shoveh li" — all this is worthless to me . As we discussed, the negative theme of the month of Tammuz is "this is all worthless to me," and Yaakov Avinu is the polar opposite. Yaakov Avinu: The Father of Bitachon Seforim say that Yaakov Avinu represents the ultimate level of bitachon (trust in God) among the Avot. As it says in Tehillim: "Yaancha Hashem b'yom tzarah, yesgavecha shem Elohei Yaakov" (Hashem should answer you at a time of difficulty; you should be strengthened by the God of Yaakov). Yaakov Avinu is singled out because he went through intense challenges—with Eisav, Lavan, Dinah, and Yosef—and survived them all through his bitachon . He is the father of bitachon . He is also the archetype of one who is mistapek b'muat —happy with just a little bit. When you have true bitachon , you realize everything is from Hashem, so you can be genuinely happy with the smallest amount. Yaakov only asked Hashem for the essentials: beged lilvosh, lechem leechol (garments to wear, bread to eat). He stated, "Katonti mikol hachasadim" (I have been diminished by all the kindness You have given me). Yaakov Avinu views everything as an undeserved kindness, and that is precisely how he ends up having everything. When he responds to Eisav, he says, "Ki chanani Elokim" (God was gracious to me). The word chanan comes from the language of matnat chinam (a free gift). If you realize that everything is a gift and that you don't inherently deserve anything, then you feel like you have everything. Rav Shach's Insight: How to Have Everything I'd like to share a beautiful thought in the name of Rav Shach, who asks a powerful question on the Mishnah: "Eizehu ashre? Hasameach b'chelko" (Who is wealthy? The one who is happy with his lot). Rav Shach asks: How can anyone naturally be happy with their lot? The nature of a person is "yesh lo maneh, rotzeh matayim" —if you have a hundred, you want two hundred. He answers that the one who is sameach b'chelko is someone who views himself as owning absolutely nothing. If you have a hundred, you feel you need two hundred. But if you have zero, you need zero. How does a person achieve a state of having nothing? By realizing that everything belongs to HaKadosh Baruch Hu and is merely on loan. Once you realize you own nothing, you can appreciate everything as a gift. The Symbolism of the Kosher Animal The Vilna Gaon shares a fascinating thought regarding why a kosher animal must chew its cud. Chewing the cud symbolizes being happy with what one already has. To chew the cud means to ruminate. The kosher animal ruminates and ruminates on what it has already consumed; it is not constantly looking for what it lacks. It's like the concept taught by Rabbi Avigdor Miller: re-chewing and appreciating the apple, over and over again. It is the art of appreciating what you have, rather than looking for what you don't have. In contrast, non-kosher animals are predators. They are never satisfied and are always hunting for more. Tamim Tihyeh: Simplicity and Completeness The Torah states, "Lo nachash b'Yaakov" (There is no magic/serpent activity in Yaakov). As we mentioned yesterday, the nachash (snake) symbolizes Eisav. The snake is the voice that says, "I don't have anything; Chava, you don't have anything." The Torah forbids nichush (superstition and predicting the future through sorcery). Instead of acting like the nations who rely on these practices, we are commanded: "Tamim tihyeh im Hashem Elokecha" (Be whole/simple with Hashem your God). Our Sages note the connection: Yaakov is described as an "ish tam yoshev ohalim" (a wholesome man, dwelling in tents). He is the ultimate example of being tam —complete. Because he is complete, he doesn't need to look outside or try to predict the future. Tamim tihyeh means to walk simply with God, but it also means to be complete with God. If you know you have everything you need right now, you have no reason to look to future-tellers. Amalek, Haman, and the Power of "Li" The force of Haman is the force of Amalek. The Torah says of Amalek, "Asher karcha b'derech." While this means he cooled you down, karcha also comes from the word mikreh (coincidence). Amalek claims that everything is a coincidence. Similarly, by Haman, the Megillah uses the phrase "Asher karahu" (what happened to him). Haman viewed everything as random chance, not directed by God. If nothing is directed by God, you naturally fall into the trap of, "This is all worthless to me." As we mentioned yesterday, Haman said, "V'chol zeh einenu shoveh li." He completely missed the concept of "li" —the realization that God does everything specifically for me . We say in the morning blessings: "She'asah li kol tzarki" (Who has provided for me all my needs). God provides exactly what I need, directly to me. This is also the core message of Yetziat Mitzrayim (the Exodus): "Ba'avur zeh asah Hashem li" (Because of this, Hashem did for me when I left Egypt). God deals with us individually. Hashem speaks in the singular form: "Asher hotzeiticha" (I took you [singular] out of Egypt). The rasha (wicked person) in the Haggadah is a kofer b'ikar (denier of the foundation) because he rejects this concept. He says, "What is this service to you ?"—excluding himself. Therefore, we tell him: "Li v'lo lo" (For me, and not for him). You are not part of this mindset because you don't understand the li . The Connection Between Pesach and Tisha B'Av It is a well-known calendar fact that the first night of Pesach always falls out on the exact same night of the week as Tisha B'Av. This is one of the reasons we place a roasted egg on the Seder plate—it symbolizes mourning, connecting the joy of the Seder to the solemnity of Tisha B'Av. While the simple connection is that we lost on Tisha B'Av what we originally gained at Yetziat Mitzrayim, we can suggest a deeper connection based on yesterday's discussion: The spiritual struggle between Yaakov and Eisav's ministering angel took place on the night of Tisha B'Av. Furthermore, the commentaries point out that when Yaakov Avinu slept at Beit El and had his powerful dream of the ladder, that night was also Tisha B'Av. The Torah says he took twelve stones and placed them around his head, and they miraculously fused into one single rock because the stones quarreled, each wanting the tzaddik to rest his head on them. On Tisha B'Av, there is a custom to sleep with a stone under one's head instead of a pillow. Yaakov Avinu initiated this tikun (rectification). By bringing the separate stones representing the separate tribes together into one, he rectified the spiritual root of Tisha B'Av. Yaakov takes Tisha B'Av—the day associated with the vulnerability to Eisav—and elevates it back to a day of "Ba'avur zeh asah Hashem li." Conclusion To sum up our theme: The negative energy of the month of Tammuz is thinking like Eisav, Haman, and the snake—the mindset of constant lack and dissatisfaction. The counter-force to this is the approach of Yaakov Avinu. It is the understanding that we truly have everything, that God has graced us completely, and that we can "chew our cud," remain whole, and recognize that everything we have is exactly what we need.

The Theme of Tammuz: Haman's Mindset Welcome to Daily Bitachon. We are going to continue exploring a theme we spoke about previously: that the core theme of the month of Tammuz is "Vechol zeh einennu shoveh li" —"Yet all this is worth nothing to me." This famous quote from Haman reveals a dangerous mindset: despite having absolutely everything, because he was missing just one thing, he felt he had nothing. The Root of the Snake This attitude traces all the way back to the primordial snake. The Sages note that the source for Haman in the Torah is hinted at in the verse, "Hamin ha'etz" (from the tree), which sounds like "Haman ha'etz " (Haman on the tree). But the Rabbis also explain that Haman is spiritually rooted in the snake. In Bereishit 3:1, the snake asks Chavah: "Af ki amar Elokim lo tochlu mikol etz hagan…" "Did God really say you cannot eat from any tree of the garden?" Chavah replies that they can eat from the fruit of the trees, except for the one in the middle of the garden, which God commanded them not to touch. The snake's strategy was to shift her focus to the one restriction, essentially saying, "If you can't have this, you have nothing." Esav and the Snake Theme Haman descended from Amalek, who descended from Esav. Not surprisingly, Esav continues this exact same "snake" theme. We see a very interesting concept regarding this in Bereishit 25:27: "Vayigdlu hana'arim…" "And the lads grew up; and Esav was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Yaakov was a wholesome man, dwelling in tents." The Targum translates the words "Esav ish yode'a tzayid" (Esav was a hunter) as "Vehavah Esav gevar nachshirchan." He was a nachshirchan man. What does nachshirchan mean? Many commentaries read it as two words: nachash yarchan , which means "snake thighs." Some explain this simply to mean that when Esav was hunting, he would lie flat on his stomach and slither like a snake to catch his prey. However, the Shelah HaKadosh quotes a book called the Tziyuni , which offers a deeper insight: Esav actually had a literal image of a snake etched onto his thigh. He had a tattoo of a snake. The Wrestling Match This sheds new light on the wrestling match between Yaakov and Esav's guardian angel. The Torah states that the angel wanted to touch "kaf yerech Yaakov" —the socket of Yaakov's thigh. He wanted to infect the children of Yaakov with this snake-like approach to life. But concerning that encounter, we say, "Velo yachol lo" —he could not overcome him. Why not? As Bilam later declares: "Ki lo nachash b'Yaakov" "There is no sorcery in Yaakov." Homiletically, this can be read as: "There are no snakes in Yaakov." We do not subscribe to that snake-like perspective. Instead, Yaakov Avinu embodies the opposite approach: whatever Hashem gives me is good, and I am happy. (Parenthetically, we will see later that the wrestling match between Yaakov and the angel actually occurred on Tisha B'Av, meaning Tisha B'Av has a deep connection to this concept. Additionally, the Sefer Ahavat Shalom on Parshat Toldot notes that Yaakov was the one who rectified the sin of Adam HaRishon. As the Talmud in Bava Metzia states, Yaakov Avinu possessed the identical beauty of Adam HaRishon. Yaakov's face is engraved on the Kiseh HaKavod [Throne of Glory], representing the ultimate human paradigm. Therefore, he is the ultimate spiritual counterforce to Esav, who represents the snake.) Two Approaches to Life: Yesh Li Rav vs. Yesh Li Kol Where else do we see Esav embodying the mindset of the snake? In Bereishit 33:9, when Esav receives a massive gift from Yaakov, he initially declines it, saying, "Yesh li rav" —"I have a lot. Keep what is yours, my brother." But Yaakov insists, saying, "Veyesh li kol" — "I have everything." The Chofetz Chaim explains that these represent two fundamental approaches to life: Esav's approach ( Yesh li rav ): "I have a lot, but I could always use more." Yaakov's approach ( Yesh li kol ): "I have everything." How can a person claim to have everything ? The answer is that when you recognize that HaKadosh Baruch Hu provides exact hashgacha pratit (divine providence) tailored to your specific needs, you realize you already possess everything you require. We reference this every single day in Birkat HaMazon: "Harachaman hu yivarech otanu... kmo sheinitbarchu avoteinu, Avraham, Yitzchak, v'Yaakov—bakol, mikol, kol." What do these three words mean? Regarding Avraham , the verse says, "V'Hashem berach et Avraham bakol " (with everything). Regarding Yitzchak , it says he ate " mikol " (from everything). The ultimate culmination is Yaakov , who proclaimed, "Yesh li kol " (I have everything). We ask Hashem to bless us collectively with that exact same blessing of kol . Lavan's Attack on Kol We see this theme pop up again in the Haggadah on Pesach: "Tzei u'lmad mah bikeish Lavan haArami la'asot l'Yaakov Avinu..." While Pharaoh only decreed against the male children, Lavan "bikeish la'akor et hakol" —he sought to uproot everything. Chassidic masters (brought down by Rabbi Shor in his commentary on Pesach, Lekach V'Libuv ) explain this deeply: Lavan didn't just want to destroy Yaakov's physical property; he wanted to uproot the very concept of kol from Yaakov. He wanted to destroy Yaakov's peaceful, content approach to life. This is a major, fundamental debate on how to live. The Ultimate Synthesis: She'asah Li Kol Tzorki Listen to this unbelievable explanation that ties it all together. Every single morning, we recite one of our most important morning blessings: "She'asah li kol tzorki" —"Who has provided me with all my needs." This means that whether physically or spiritually, God has already given me every single tool necessary to fulfill my unique mission in life. Look closely at the wording: She'asah li ... kol tzorki. Li (for me) and kol (everything) are the two magical words. Now look back at Haman. What did he say? "Ve chol zeh einennu shoveh li ." Haman is the exact antithesis of kol and li . He rejects the blessing of She'asahi li kol tzorki . He looks at his life and says, "No, I do not have everything I need. I am missing that one thing (Mordechai bowing), so it's all worthless." That is the negative energy of Tammuz. That is the destructive force that led to the churban (destruction of the Temple). And that is exactly what we are trying to undo during this month: rebuilding our perspective to match Yaakov's, knowing that God has given us everything we need. As we wind down the month of Tammuz, put a little extra focus and intention into the blessing of She'asah li kol tzorki . The Final Clincher To wrap this all up: there are only two days a year when we do not recite the blessing of She'asah li kol tzorki , and they happen to be the two days we do not wash our hands fully in the morning: Tisha B'Av and Yom Kippur . The Kabbalists explain: On Tisha B'Av , the spiritual impurity ( tumah ) is so potent we cannot fully remove it. On Yom Kippur , the holiness ( kedusha ) is so intense we don't even need to remove it. Tisha B'Av is the day of Esav. On that day, Esav's energy temporarily takes over, so we omit She'asah li kol tzorki . But on Yom Kippur—the day of Yaakov Avinu—we cast the sa'ir (the goat representing Esav, the ish sa'ir ) off the cliff, and the Kohen Gadol enters the Holy of Holies. On that day, the reality of She'asah li kol tzorki is so utterly apparent and deeply felt that we don't even need to vocalize it. We have covered a massive theme with a lot of moving parts. Review these concepts, and hopefully, we will all merit to live on that elevated spiritual level of kol .

Welcome to Daily Bitachon. We are on our special Erev Shabbat series, but we are going to connect it to the month of Tammuz, as we have been doing this week. We have been talking about the different letter combinations that connect the 12 months of the year. There is another fascinating combination here, and to fully understand it, we need a little bit of mathematical background. If we take four distinct letters—let's say A, B, C, and D—and organize them into groups based on which letter comes first, each of the four letters gets a turn in the front. Then, the remaining letters are shuffled into every possible order behind it. You get six combinations per letter. For example: ABCD, ABDC, ACBD, ACDB, ADBC, and ADCB. Please don't try to repeat that too fast! If you do that for B, C, and D as well, it comes out to a total of 24 combinations. Four starting choices with six variations each equals a total of 24 different combinations. That is why when you have a combination lock with four unique numbers, you have to go through 24 different variations to figure it out, assuming you are using all four. But what happens when you have a duplicate letter, like AABC? In that case, to fix the double counting, we simply divide our baseline total by two. So, 24 total paths divided by the two identical letters equals 12 unique combinations. With that in mind, Hashem's holy name is spelled with a Yud, a Hei, a Vav, and a Hei. There are four letters, but there is a duplicate letter—the Hei. Therefore, there are exactly 12 possible combinations of Hashem's name. I won't go through them all here, although I will attach a complete chart to the transcript document. Instead, we will focus on just two of them: the combinations for Nissan and Tammuz. The Month of Nissan: A Straight Lens Each one of these 12 combinations has a corresponding pasuk (verse) where the first or last letters of the words spell out that specific order. The combination for Nissan is Yud, Hei, Vav, Hei—Hashem's name in its proper, direct order. For this, we have the pasuk from Divrei HaYamim Aleph 16:31: Yismechu hashamayim v'tagel ha'aretz ( י שמחו ה שמים ו תגל ה ארץ ), meaning "The heavens are happy and the land is joyful." The continuation of that verse reads: V'yomru vagoyim Hashem melech ( ויאמרו בגויים ה' מלך ), meaning "And they will say among the nations that Hashem is king." This represents the month of Nissan, a time of miracles where the entire world openly recognizes God as King. The Month of Tammuz: The Haman Outlook Tammuz is the exact opposite. Its letter combination is Hei, Vav, Hei, Yud, which is Hashem's name completely backwards. If Nissan is all about recognizing God openly in creation, Tammuz represents the ultimate concealment. The four words of the pasuk that spell out this backward combination do not come from the beginning of the words, but rather from the end of the words Haman says in Megillat Esther (5:3): V'chol zeh einenu shoveh li ( וכל ז ה איננ ו שו ה ל י ). The word zeh ends with a Hei, einenu ends with a Vav, shoveh ends with a Hei, and li ends with a Yud. This translates to: "All of this is worthless to me." Haman says this right after walking out of the palace. On that day, he is happy and has a glad heart ( sameach v'tov lev ). He has everything a person could physically desire. Rabbi Yehuda Adas notes that normally, a person needs highly refined middot (character traits) to experience true, lasting joy. But for an egoist like Haman to feel happy, he requires absolutely everything in the world to go his way. He must be the second-in-command to the king and have the entire world bowing down to him just to feel validated. But how long does his happiness last? The text says, U'chrot Haman et Mordechai b'sha'ar hamelech ( וכראות המן את מרדכי בשער המלך )—when Haman sees Mordechai at the king's gate and Mordechai refuses to bow or even move, Haman is ready to explode with rage. He controls himself, goes home to his family, and boasts to them about his vast wealth, his many children, and how the king elevated him above all the other nobles. He is literally listing his assets to rehabilitate his ego after the blow of one individual not bowing to him. He even boasts that he was the only guest invited to join the king and queen for a private party, and that he is invited again tomorrow. But then he drops the punchline: V'chol zeh einenu shoveh li —"Yet all of this is worthless to me every time I see Mordechai the Jew sitting at the king's gate." That toxic outlook can take a person who has the entire world and make them feel like they have absolutely nothing. The Root of the Snake Masechet Chullin 139b asks a famous question: Haman min haTorah m'nayyin? ("Where is Haman hinted at in the Torah?") The Gemara points to the verse after the first sin in Bereishit: Hamin ha'etz asher tzivitiha... ("Did you eat from the tree which I commanded you not to eat?"). The word Hamin (from the) is spelled identically to Haman. The rabbis explain that there is a deep spiritual connection between Haman and eating from the Etz HaDa'at (the Tree of Knowledge). Haman represents the primordial snake, the force of ultimate negativity. In fact, Haman stems from the nation of Amalek. The numerical value (gematria) of Amalek is 240, which is the exact same value as the Hebrew words ram (arrogant) and tzefa (a python or poisonous snake). Think about what the snake did in the Garden of Eden. The snake approached Chavah and asked, "Is it true that God said you cannot eat from any tree in the garden?" Chavah corrected him: "No, of course we can eat from all the trees, there is just one specific tree in the center of the garden that we cannot eat from." But to the snake—and to Haman—if you cannot have that one thing, then everything else you do have becomes completely meaningless. If you are restricted from one single tree, it is as if you can't eat anything at all. If one single man doesn't bow down to you, your entire empire is worth zero. That is the Haman outlook. It forces a person to focus entirely on what they lack, blinding them to the blessings they possess. That is the negative spiritual energy present in the month of Tammuz: the temptation to view our lives through this destructive lens. Shabbat: The Ultimate Alignment The ultimate antidote to this negative energy is Shabbat. This explains a beautiful custom we have in our Friday night Kiddush. Although they are two separate verses in the Torah, we connect the end of the creation story directly to the declaration of Shabbat: Vayhi erev vayhi voker yom hashishi and Vaychulu hashamayim v'ha'aretz . Why do we link them together? The Arizal explains that the first letters of these four consecutive words— Y om H ashishi V aychulu H ashamayim—spell out Hashem's holy name in its straight, proper order (Yud-Hei-Vav-Hei). Shabbat brings us back into alignment and corrects the spiritual damage caused by the snake. Shabbat is a day where we step away from the urge to control and instead view the world through the lens of "Hashem is King." It restores us to the perspective of Yismechu hashamayim v'tagel ha'aretz . That is the true lens of Shabbat. We see this same concept beautifully illustrated in Mizmor Shir L'Yom HaShabbat (Psalm 92), the song of the Sabbath day. It begins, Tov l'hodot l'Hashem —"It is good to praise Hashem." It then maps out the rhythm of faith: L'haggid baboker chasdecha —in the morning, when life is bright and clear, we easily see Hashem's kindness. V'emunatecha balaylot —but in the dark, difficult nights of life, we lean into pure faith. David HaMelech looks at creation and notes that it is profoundly deep, adding that a foolish person cannot understand what is truly happening. What does the fool miss? The fool sees the wicked temporarily prospering like grass and assumes they are winning. But as the psalm progresses, the perspective shifts: Tzaddik katamar yifrach —"The righteous will blossom like a palm tree." The psalm concludes that after the grand design becomes clear, the wicked are shattered and the righteous flourish, L'haggid ki yashar Hashem —"To declare that Hashem is upright." But the words Yashar Hashem can also be read literally as "Hashem's name is straight." When clarity arrives, we are finally looking at the world through the proper lens where His name is no longer scrambled or hidden in backward permutations. It is revealed in its perfect, straight order: Yud-Hei-Vav-Hei. We realize that even through the most confusing and difficult years, His plan was always inherently straight. Tzuri v'lo avlata bo —"He is my rock, and there is no injustice in Him." We pray to appreciate that all months are deeply rooted in this exact clarity. Straightening the Name Through Tzedakah Beyond Shabbat, another profound way to straighten Hashem's name in daily life is brought down by the Chida in his sefer Avodat HaKodesh ( Moreh B'Etzba , siman aleph, letter yud-bet). He teaches that when you give tzedakah (charity), you should mindfully intend to align the four letters Yud, Hei, Vav, Hei. How does the act of giving mirror the Name? The small coin that you pick up represents the small letter Yud . The five fingers of your hand grasping the coin represent the letter Hei (which has a numerical value of five). Stretching out your long arm to extend the charity represents the straight line of the letter Vav . Finally, when the poor man opens his hand to receive the money, his five fingers forming a container represent the final letter, Hei . Based on this, the Chida, in his sefer Nachal Kedumim (Parshat Shemot), offers a deeper explanation of Rashi's commentary on the words V'yikchu li terumah ("Take for Me an offering"). Rashi notes that li ("for Me") means lishmi ("for My name's sake"), which traditionally implies doing the mitzvah with pure, unselfish intentions ( lishma ). However, the Chida reveals a profound mystical layer: li lishmi indicates that when you give tzedakah, you should intentionally contemplate that you are actively rectifying Hashem's name and restoring the letters to their proper, harmonious order. He adds a fascinating insight regarding this process, explaining that this beautiful spiritual alignment only works seamlessly if the giver initiates the flow. This means you must start the sequence yourself by actively seeking out the poor person, picking up the coin, and leading with the Yud, which represents the coin itself. If, instead, the poor person must stick out his hand first, followed by his arm, before the giver finally reaches out with his fingers to hand over the coin, the entire structural order is flipped backward. This is why the highest form of tzedakah occurs when you proactively seek out opportunities to give, rather than waiting for someone to come looking for you. When we initiate giving, we keep the proper spiritual order perfectly aligned, whereas doing it the opposite way turns the intended order completely upside down.

The Two Orders of the Shvatim Welcome to Daily Bitachon. We've been talking about the different months of the year, their symbolism, their connections, and their depth. Today, we're going to discuss the twelve tribes ( Shvatim ) that correspond to the twelve months of the year. The Sefarim tell us that there are two basic approaches to the order of the Shvatim . The first is their birth order : Reuven, Shimon, Levi, Yehuda, Dan, Naftali, Gad, Asher, Yissachar, Zevulun, Yosef, and Binyamin. The second is the order of their encampment . Yaakov Avinu set this order around his bed, which eventually became the layout for how the tribes camped around the Mishkan and the order of the Korbanot (offerings) of the Nessi'im (princes): East: Yehuda, Yissachar, and Zevulun camped together. South: Reuven, Shimon, and Gad. West: Ephraim, Menashe, and Binyamin. North: Dan, Asher, and Naftali. (Note: Levi is not among these twelve because Levi did not carry Yaakov Avinu's bier, nor did they camp with the twelve tribes; they had their own dedicated unit directly around the Mishkan). The Demotion and Latent Power of Tammuz and Av In the original birth order approach, Reuven and Shimon received Nissan and Iyar, which are choice months. However, because Reuven acted impetuously—though, on his high spiritual level, Chazal say "whoever says Reuven sinned is mistaken"—he was removed from that choice position. Shimon was similarly involved in the incident at Shechem and later the story of Zimri. Furthermore, descendants of Reuven were involved in the rebellion of Korach. Because of these lapses, they were, so to say, demoted. Based on the new list of the encampment, Yehuda became the first. Nachshon Ben Aminadav of Yehuda brought the first offering, making Yehuda number one. Reuven was moved to number five, and Shimon to number six. Consequently, Reuven was given the month of Tammuz , and Shimon was given the month of Av . Does that mean Tammuz and Av are bad months? Of course not. Reuven and Shimon were not bad tribes. They merely experienced a temporary lapse. These months are not inherently malicious timeframes; rather, they represent righteous entities that fell but possess the latent power to rise again. Consider their history: Reuven: The prince of Reuven, Elitzur Ben Shedeiur, was a neighbor of Korach and was drawn into the rebellion. Yet, his day of dedication for the Mishkan is still celebrated as a communal holiday. Shimon: Shimon's leader was Zimri, also known as Shelumiel Ben Zurishaddai, who famously sinned with the Midianite princess. According to the Arizal and the Rema Mipano, Zimri later reincarnated as Rabbi Akiva —the man who transformed the spiritual landscape of the Jewish people and famously laughed when seeing the ruins of the Beit HaMikdash because he understood the ultimate consolation. Here we have two tribes that took a momentary dip. Rabbi Akiva is the ultimate source of Torah Sheba'al Peh (the Oral Torah). While we won't go into all the deep connections between Rabbi Akiva and Zimri, one profound rectifying connection stands out: Zimri died while engaging in sensual pleasure involving his skin. Rabbi Akiva died a martyr's death with the Romans scraping his skin with steel combs. The rectification matched the crime. When watching Rabbi Akiva suffer, a bystander wouldn't know his cosmic history, his Gilgul (reincarnation). That is what Gilgulim are all about—we return to this world until we reach perfection. Therefore, Tammuz and Av will also reach perfection. These are inherently great times; there was simply a temporary lapse, and there will be a rebirth and rejuvenation. The Twelve Senses of the Soul The Sefer Bnei Yissachar , in his essays on Tammuz and Av, shares a fascinating concept from the Sefer Yetzirah (an ancient book of Kabbalah). Every month corresponds to one of twelve specific spiritual or physical senses. Here is how the calendar aligns with the tribes and their spiritual faculties: Month Tribe (Encampment Order) Sense / Faculty Spiritual Meaning & Connection Nissan Yehuda Speech We use our mouths to tell the story of Yetziat Mitzrayim (the Exodus). Iyar Yissachar Thought Deep contemplation and introspection during Sefirat HaOmer . Sivan Zevulun Motion / Walking Continual spiritual progress and alignment after Matan Torah . Tammuz Reuven Sight The spies saw the land through a warped lens. Reuven stems from Re'u beni ("See, my son"). Av Shimon Hearing The people accepted the Lashon Hara (evil tongue) of the spies. Shimon stems from Shema ("to listen/hear"). Elul Gad Action A time dedicated to action and doing Teshuvah (repentance). Tishrei Ephraim Intimacy Represents our deep, marital-like connection with HaKadosh Baruch Hu. Heshvan Menashe Smell The most purely spiritual sense indicating the high level we reached after the Yamim Noraim and Succot Kislev Binyamin Sleep / Dreaming Navigating the darkness of the winter. Tevet Dan Anger / Temper Overcoming and rectifying the anger associated with the month of Esav. Shevat Asher Taste / Eating Cultivating holy eating, celebrated on Tu B'Shevat as we taste the fruits. Adar Naftali Laughter Transforming sorrow into ultimate joy on Purim. The Summertime Rectification Now for our clincher. Notice how perfectly this aligns: the months of Tammuz and Av represent seeing and hearing . We know that the 40 days of the spies began on the eve of Rosh Chodesh Tammuz—the month of sight . They looked at the Land of Israel through a warped lens. They returned in the month of Av—the month of hearing —and made the nation weep by causing them to listen to a false, negative report. This is why summertime presents us with a golden opportunity to fix these flaws. Summer is a natural time for testing our sight , due to the inappropriate things that may be out there, and a test for hearing/speech , because people gather together and the temptation for Lashon Hara increases. We are given this time of year specifically to repair these faculties. Wonder of wonders, look at how this is mirrored in the three prophetic readings ( Haftarot ) of rebuke that we read during the Three Weeks on Shabbat: Divrei Yirmiyahu ("The words of Yirmiyahu") — Rectifying Speech . Shimu Devar Hashem ("Hear the word of Hashem") — Rectifying Hearing . Chazon Yeshaya ("The vision of Yeshaya") — Rectifying Sight . Each Shabbat of these three weeks is perfectly designed to repair these exact faculties. It is truly a wonder to see how all these complex pieces of Torah fit together.

The Built-In Energy of Time Welcome to Daily Bitachon. We're continuing with what we started yesterday: appreciating and understanding the fascinating concept of days and times. There are certain times that are more prone to specific events, and it's not a coincidence—it is built into the very fabric of time. The Ben Ish Chai, in Parshat Devarim, shares an incredible insight in the name of a Mekubal (kabbalist) named Rav Beit Ayin (or Bat Ayin ). He explains that the twelve months of the year correspond to the twelve letters of Hashem's name, Alef-Dalet-Nun-Yod ( א-ד-נ-י ), when written in what is called the miluy (the spelled-out form). Understanding Miluy (Spelling Out the Letters) What does miluy mean? Let's use English as an example. If I want to say "ABC": A is the letter A, but it is spelled A-Y . B is the letter B, but it is spelled B-E-E . When you use the miluy of a Hebrew letter, you spell out the letter itself. If you take the name א-ד-נ-י and spell out each letter, it looks like this: Alef ( א ) is spelled: Alef, Lamed, Peh ( א-ל-ף ) — 3 letters Dalet ( ד ) is spelled: Dalet, Lamed, Tav ( ד-ל-ת ) — 3 letters Nun ( נ ) is spelled: Nun, Vav, Nun ( נ-ו-ן ) — 3 letters Yod ( י ) is spelled: Yod, Vav, Dalet ( י-ו-ד ) — 3 letters Total them up, and you get exactly twelve letters . These twelve letters correspond to the twelve months of the year. Month Hebrew Root Letter Sequential Letter of the 12 Nisan Aleph Aleph Iyar Lamed Sivan Peh Tammuz Dalet Dalet Av Lamed Elul Taf Tishrei Nun Nun Cheshvan Vav Kislev Nun Tevet Yud Yud Shvat Vav Adar Dalet Tammuz and Av: The Months of the Dal (The Poor) When you map these letters to the months, it works out like this: Nissan, Iyar, Sivan connects to Alef, Lamed, Peh ( א-ל-ף ) Tammuz, Av, Elul connects to Dalet, Lamed, Tav ( ד-ל-ת ) The Ben Ish Chai points out that if you put the first two letters of this second group together— Dalet and Lamed (Tammuz and Av)—it spells the word dal ( דל ), which means someone who is poor or lowly. He uses this to brilliantly explain a verse in Tehillim (41:2): אַשְׁרֵי מַשְׂכִּיל אֶל דָּל בְּיוֹם רָעָה יְמַלְּטֵהוּ ה ' "Fortunate is the one who uses intellect toward the impoverished; on a bad day, Hashem will save him." The Ben Ish Chai explains: "Fortunate is the one who uses his intellect toward the impoverished" refers to the low, difficult months of Tammuz and Av . How do we do that? By channeling our intellect ( sechel ) into Torah and ma'asim tovim (good deeds). Through this, "on a bad day, Hashem will save him" —Hashem will save us during the challenging days of these months. What Does it Mean to be a Maskil ? Connect to Torah: Use your mind simply as a vehicle to learn Torah. Understand the Poor: Maskil el dal means to truly understand what a poor person needs. When you give tzedakah , don't just hand over money; look into their situation carefully. The Story of Reb Chaim of Brisk A man came to Reb Chaim before Pesach with a halachic question: "Can a person fulfill the obligation of the Four Cups using milk instead of wine?" Reb Chaim, who routinely distributed large sums of holiday financial aid, immediately handed this man a massive sum of money. Afterward, his gabbai (assistant) asked, "Why did you give him so much money? Wine doesn't cost that much." Reb Chaim replied, "If he is asking if he can use milk for the Four Cups, it means he doesn't have money for wine. But it also means he is planning on eating a dairy meal, because he can't afford meat for Yom Tov! We have to give him enough for the wine and for a proper meat holiday meal." That is what it means to be a maskil el dal . During these difficult months, when we keep our eyes and ears open to the needs of the poor and use our minds for Torah, we completely turn these months around. From Lowliness to Redemption Moving into the next month, Elul (which corresponds to the letter Tav ), we begin saying Selichot . We say to Hashem: כְּדַלִּים וּכְרָשִׁים דָּפַקְנוּ דְּלָתֶיךָ "Like the impoverished and destitute, we knock on Your doors." We are coming out of the negativity and challenges of Tammuz and Av—the dal —and knocking on Hashem's door in Elul. This is the month that was originally supposed to be dominated by Esav, but Yaakov Avinu grabbed it back. Yesterday, we mentioned that Tevet and Shevat are also months associated with Esav. How do they fit into this secret? Tevet corresponds to the letter Yod ( י ). Shevat corresponds to the letter Vav ( ו ). If you take the Dalet and Lamed ( ד-ל ) from Tammuz and Av, and combine them with the Yod and Vav ( י-ו ) from Tevet and Shevat, it spells the word "Dalyo" ( דליו ). This references a passuk in Parshat Balak (Bamidbar 24:7) from the blessings of Bilaam, right after Mah Tovu : יִזַּל מַיִם מִדָּלְיָו "Water shall flow from his pails..." The Bnei Yissaschar explains that Dalyo represents the impoverished hand. Even from these spiritually "impoverished" and difficult months, there will eventually flow water and beracha (blessing) in the future. Further, the Pesikta Zutrata comments on this verse: "Water will flow from his pails (midalyav)—from the impoverished among Israel (min ha-dalim she-be-Yisrael)." This matches the famous Talmudic statement, "Be careful with the children of the ignorant, for Torah will go forth from them." Rabbeinu Bachya adds that the continuation of the verse, "and his seed shall be by many waters," means we will constantly grow, just as we pray daily, Matzmiach Keren Yeshuah (Who causes the horn of salvation to flourish). Great things will grow directly out of these seemingly negative months. Finally, the Sefer Paneach Raza points out a beautiful gematria: the word midalyav ( מדליו ) has the exact same numerical value (90) as melech ( מלך - king). It is specifically from these impoverished months and difficult times that the King, Moshiach, will be produced! Conclusion It is truly a wonder of wonders how these great Rabbis uncovered these deep secrets embedded within the calendar. It should tremendously strengthen our emunah (faith) to see that absolutely nothing in time is haphazard or coincidental.

Welcome to Daily Bitachon Welcome to Daily Bitachon. Having completed Sha'ar Habechina , we are now going to switch to a more timely topic. We find ourselves in the month of Tammuz , which brings the fast of the 17th of Tammuz, followed by the month of Av and its respective fast. I would like to spend some time understanding the deeper dimensions of these months. Personally, seeing how perfectly planned and intricate the events of Jewish history are always provides a powerful chizuk in emunah , which naturally leads to deeper bitachon . To fully appreciate this, we need some background. We are not in a rush, so we will take our time to truly understand it. This framework is based largely on the teachings of the Ben Ish Chai (in Parashat Devarim ), where he discusses these concepts at length. The Three Dimensions of Conflict: Place, Person, and Time First, the Ben Ish Chai notes that the twelve months of the year are fundamentally broken down into four sets of three, aligned with the solar cycle—what we know as the four seasons. Secondly, we know that from the womb, there was a perpetual struggle between Yaakov and Esav . They fought over everything in existence, categorized by the classic framework of Place, Person, and Time . These are the three core dimensions of our existence: a person lives in a place and moves through time . Place: They struggled over the land of Eretz Yisrael . Person: They struggled over who would hold the status of the Bechorah (the birthright). Time: They struggled over who would control the different seasons of the year. The Summer Cycle: Grabbing the Heel Looking at the summer cycle, Yaakov claimed the spring months of Nissan, Iyar, and Sivan —the three months of Chodesh Ha'aviv . This is a beautiful, spiritually rich period: Nissan contains Pesach, Iyar holds the bulk of Sefirat Ha'omer, and Sivan brings Matan Torah. Yaakov Avinu fought for these three wonderful months and claimed them as his own. Then, the intense heat of the summer begins—a period of strict, intense judgment. This is where Esav takes over. This aligns with the fact that Esav calculates by the sun, and the sun is at its strongest during this time. Esav was originally slated to receive Tammuz, Av, and Elul . However, the Torah emphasizes that Yaakov grabbed Esav's heel at birth, earning him the name Yaakov (from Ekev , meaning heel). This teaches us that each of these three-month cycles has a "heel," or a tail end. Yaakov pulled the heel of this summer cycle—the month of Elul —back into his own domain. This converted what would have been an equal three-and-three split into an unequal four-month to two-month split in favor of Yaakov. The Winter Cycle: Venahapoch Hu We see the exact same pattern repeat during the winter months. Tishrei, Cheshvan, and Kislev belong to Yaakov. Tishrei is the month of the High Holidays. Cheshvan, though it contains no holidays, serves as the time to review and process the spiritual gains of the Chagim . Finally, Kislev brings the light of Chanukah. The next three months— Tevet, Shevat, and Adar —should have belonged to Esav. Tevet contains the fast of Asara B'Tevet . Shevat shares a root with the word Shevet , which means a whipping stick or a staff of judgment, signifying that Shevat also carries an element of strict justice. Adar was also supposed to belong to Esav, but once again, Yaakov grabbed the heel of the cycle and pulled Adar back. This is the deeper secret behind the phrase Venahapoch hu —it was completely turned around. Ultimately, this leaves Esav with only four distinct months of intense judgment throughout the year: Tammuz, Av, Tevet, and Shevat . The Spiritual Mechanics of Heat and Cold It is fascinating to see how something as everyday as the twelve months and the changing seasons trace back to the foundational conflict between Yaakov and Esav. Furthermore, the winter and summer concepts relate directly to the ideas of severe cold and severe heat. What do hot and cold have to do with our spiritual lives? It might sound intense, but our tradition teaches that while Gehenom is made of fire—which is what most people know—there is also a Gehenom of snow. There is a realm of extreme heat (like the Sahara Desert) and a realm of extreme cold (like the North Pole). Both are incredibly difficult environments for life. These two extremes correspond to the two primary ways we stumble: Intense Heat: This represents the burning pursuit of desires and lust. Intense Cold: This represents a state of freezing, spiritual paralysis, and laziness. In the winter months, our primary challenge is to overcome the "cold" of laziness and not simply stay in bed. In the summer months, our challenge is to control the "heat" and not follow our desires. The Gehenom of fire is the consequence of chasing unbridled passion, while the Gehenom of snow is for frozen apathy. Esav is constantly trying to entrap us in these two areas. As Rashi notes, when Esav walked in to receive a blessing from his father Yitzchak, Yitzchak saw Gehenom open up behind him. Esav is the one who ultimately aligns with Gehenom , while Yaakov and his children inherit Gan Eden and Olam HaBa . Historical Precision as a Source of Chizuk These spiritual dynamics repeat themselves every single year. As we overcome the specific trials of the summer and winter, we emerge clean. The calendar is not random or haphazard. Tammuz and Av are months of strict judgment because they are Esav's remaining summer months of intense, severe heat. It is no coincidence that this was the exact time of year the Beit HaMikdash was destroyed by fire. The historical convergence is remarkable. The First Beit HaMikdash , the Second Beit HaMikdash , the Spanish Inquisition, and the outbreaks of both World War I and World War II all heavily converged around this specific window of the year. Rav Eliyahu Lopian once beautifully remarked that if the enemy only realized that the Jewish people actually derive a chizuk in emunah from the fact that these tragic events repeatedly happen at the exact same calendar window, they would have intentionally chosen a different time to attack us! Recognizing that everything is so precisely designed and orchestrated by Hakadosh Baruch Hu is profoundly comforting. It serves to strengthen our emunah and bitachon , giving us the tools to navigate and elevate these challenging times of the year.