The twelfth lecture in Doug Allen's History of Urban Form series continues the examination of Medieval era cities in Africa and Arabia. It compares and contrasts African and Arabian cities to European cities — including similar forms, functions, and processes — and explores examples including Sana'a, Timbuktu, Ghat, Jerusalem, Damascus, Marrakesh, Fes, Cairo, Aleppo, Jeddah, Djenne, etc.