Today's episode focuses on the differences between ECMO physiology in the patient in cardiogenic shock versus the one in cardiac arrest.

This month we discuss two different topics we've recently had on the podcast.  Albuquerque had started the first US prehospital ECPR program.... and now they have the first patient as well.  Jon and Darren will share with us the exciting news.  Second, we recently had Matt Martin on the podcast talking about partial REBOA.  We got tons of email about this.  This month Zaf Qasim and Austin Johnson come on to talk about some of the controversial aspects of partial REBOA.  Zaf also gives us a great update on the state of REBOA in the world.

The U.S. has seen pre-hospital programs spring up in Paris, UK, and Australia.  It

was thought that due to billing issues this could never happen in America....but it has.  Jon Marinaro and Darren Braude have accomplished this against all odds.  Zack interviews the two of them on how they were able to accomplish this task amidst the many financial, logistic, and medical problems surrounding this monumental task.

Over the last two years, partial or intermittent REBOA has been

thought to be a significant advantage over complete REBOA.  How to do this and how to use our current imperfect catheters in this arena is still in question.  Matthew Martin and his colleagues at Madigan Medical Center have published the first study using the Prytime's new catheter for partial REBOA.  Zack interviews Matt in this episode about his latest paper in Journal of Trauma and Acute Surgery.  Dr. Martin is extensively published in the field and offers his insight in the specific flows that maximize survival within the conflicting problems of hemorrhagic shock and lower body ischemia.

A post arrest patient just got initiated on ECMO.  Do you give fluids, add pressors, or increase flow?  Marc Dickstein, an anesthesiologist from Columbia University and an expert in the physiology of ECMO, talks with Zack about how to manage these patients, what diagnostics we need and how to optimize your use of the machine.  This talk is a must for everyone starting ECPR in their departments.

Do you give heparin to your ECMO patients?  Well, let's rethink this.  This episode is All Things Anticoagulation!  Zack talks with Troy Seelhammer, an intensivist from Mayo Clinic Rochester.  He manages ECMO patients in his daily practice there.  He has become a master of the subject of anticoagulation.  He will talk about heparin, bilvalirudin, or maybe no anticoagulation.  He talks about the when to be aggressive and when to cut back.  Below is a wonderful synopsis of Troy's thoughts on anticoagulation on pump.

In this episode, Sacha Richardson talks with Zack about a problem common to all ECPR programs- how do we confirm the placement of the wires?  During chest compressions and even in patients with a pulse, confirmation of which vessel you have cannulated can be difficult.  Sacha shares some tricks and trips on how to get real time confirmation of the wires.  Sacha also gives us a preview of some of the exciting endeavors that he has undertaken in Melbourne with pre-hospital ECMO.

In this episode, we again explore the world of the distal perfusion catheter.  You heard from Joe Dubose the vascular surgeons point of view; now let's see how non-surgeon resuscitationists are dealing with this problem.  You will hear from Chris Couch, a critical care trained emergency physician from Dallas Texas and his colleague Omar Hernandez who have some novel thoughts and experiences related to when and how we insert these catheters.  You will hear about checking compartment pressures, poor man's way to "fluoro" your catheter, and much more.

Episode 53 is all about the distal perfusion catheter12.  We are inserting a 15-19 Fr catheter into the femoral artery.  This limits the flow of blood to the affected extremity.  Many institutions have gone to mandatory distal perfusion catheters.  This episode is all about those catheters - when, how, which, and where.  Joe Dubose, the world reknown vascular and trauma surgeon, joins us to discuss the details of this important piece of post pump initiation.

We've all heard of therapeutic hypothermia.  Some of us have heard of deep hypothermia for traumatic arrest.  But what about deep regional hypothermia of brain for cardiac arrest!  Zack interviewed Rob Schultz, a CT surgeon resident from Calgary who is doing research on deep hypothermia of the brain using some of the tactics that are utilized in operating room.  His stuff is mind blowing!