In the past couple of decades, we have seen a technological revolution both in the way people read books, with the introduction of e-readers such as iPads and Kindles, and in the way students take notes, with laptops now ubiquitous in college and high school classrooms. Have you ever wondered what the effects of reading on a screen versus on paper might be? Or if there is any difference between typing notes in class versus taking notes by hand? In this episode, Andrew shares fascinating research that might just encourage you to pull a real book off the shelf and take some notes with pen in hand.

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Referenced Materials:

"Teaching With Interactive Picture E-Books in Grades K–6" by Heather Ruetschlin Schugar, Carol A. Smith, and Jordan T. Schugar

"Handwriting versus keyboard writing: Effect on word recall" by Anne Mangen, Liss Gøril Anda, G.H. Oxborough, and Kolbjorn Bronnick

"Early development of language by hand: composing, reading, listening, and speaking connections; three letter-writing modes; and fast mapping in spelling" by VW Berninger, RD Abbott, J Jones, BJ Wolf, L Gould, M Anderson-Youngstrom, S Shimada, and K Apel.

"Digitizing Literacy: Reflections on the Haptics of Writing" by Anne Mangen and Jean-Luc Velay

"What are the effects of handwriting on cognitive development?"

"Let Cursive Handwriting Die" by Morgan Polikoff

"Why Writing by Hand Could Make You Smarter" by William R. Klemm Ph.D.

"Should Cursive Handwriting Still Be Taught In Schools?" by Christie Blazer

"Retrain Your Child's Brain with Multi-sensory Handwriting and Therapeutic Music!" by Jeanette Farmer

"The Benefits of Cursive Writing" by Sam Blumenfeld

"An Analysis of the Ball Point Pen Versus the Pencil as a Beginning Handwriting Instrument"by Shirley Tawney

The Flickering Mind: Saving Education from the False Promise of Technology by Todd Oppenheimer

"Children With Home Computers Likely to Have Lower Test Scores, Study Finds" by Duke University

"Words Onscreen: The Fate of Reading in a Digital World" by Naomi S. Baron

"Reading Linear Texts on Paper versus Computer Screen: Effects on Reading Comprehension" by Anne Mangen, Bente R. Walgermo, by Kolbjorn Bronnick

"Improved Comprehension With The Printed Page" by Greg Selfe

"Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness" by Anne-Marie Chang, Daniel Aeschbach, Jeanne F. Duffy, and Charles A. Czeisler

"E-books or textbooks: Students prefer textbooks" by William Douglas Woody, David B. Daniel, and Crystal A. Baker

"Laptop multitasking hinders classroom learning for both users and nearby peers" by Faria Sana, Tina Weston, and Nicholas J. Cepeda

"The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard: Advantages of Longhand Over Laptop Note Taking" by Pam A. Mueller and Daniel M. Oppenheimer

Remember to send your questions to [email protected], and perhaps yours will be answered the next time we Ask Andrew Anything (AAA).