1.North Korea's state media reported Tuesday that the treaty on "comprehensive strategic partnership" between North Korea and Russia was ratified the previous day as a decree by North Korea's leader Kim Jong-un.

2.National Security Adviser Shin Won-sik said Tuesday South Korea is no longer a "one-sided beneficiary" of the bilateral alliance with the United States, vowing to work with the incoming U.S. administration for the denuclearization of North Korea.

3.The United Nations annual climate summit, COP29, began on Monday in Azerbaijan's capital Baku amid the re-election of Donald Trump as United States president, who has expressed his intention to walk out of the landmark Paris Agreement for the second time.

1.A consultative body involving the ruling People Power Party, the government and doctors' groups, was launched on Monday to seek to resolve a prolonged walkout by trainee doctors, with the aim of producing "meaningful" results by late December.

2.According to Russia's state-run TASS news agency, Russian President Vladimir Putin on Saturday has signed into law a treaty on the country's strategic partnership with North Korea, which includes a mutual defense provision.

3.According to the U.S. cryptocurrency exchange platform Coinbase on Sunday, the price of Bitcoin surpassed the 80-thousand-dollar mark for the first time just days after Donald Trump’s reelection to the U.S. presidency.

1.Two people died and 12 others remain missing after a fishing boat sank off the southern island of Jeju on Friday. The Coast Guard said a search is underway, and that the 12 missing are 10 South Koreans and two Indonesians.

2.The U.S. Federal Reserve on Thursday lowered its benchmark interest rate by a quarter-percentage point to the 4.50 to 4.75 percent range, marking the second consecutive reduction following a jumbo 50-basis-point cut in September.

3.The Associated Press reported Thursday that Korean American congresswoman Young Kim has won a third term in the U.S. House of Representatives in Tuesday’s general elections, serving California’s 40th District.

1.President Yoon Suk Yeol on Thursday held a public address and press conference to mark nearly two-and-a-half years in office. After apologizing for “causing concerns” regarding allegations that first lady Kim Keon-hee interfered in party politics, Yoon laid out his plans for the remainder of term in office.

2.Principal deputy national security adviser Kim Tae-hyo told reporters on Thursday that President Yoon Suk Yeol spoke on the phone with U.S. President-elect Donald Trump to congratulate him on his reelection. The two reportedly have agreed to hold an in-person meeting at an early date.

3.Two U.S. officials told Reuters on Wednesday that North Korean troops were engaged in combat in Russia's Kursk on November 4th for the first time.

1.Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on Tuesday confirmed the Ukrainian military's first combat engagement with North Korean troops, after a U.S. State Department spokesperson said Monday that as many as 10-thousand North Korean troops are in Russia's western front-line Kursk region.

2.The Associated Press reported Tuesday that Andy Kim, a third-term congressman, won a Senate seat for New Jersey in the U.S. general election, making history as the first Korean American elected to the upper chamber of Congress.

3.Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has fired Defense Minister Yoav Gallant after months of clashes over domestic politics and Israel’s war efforts. In a recorded statement Tuesday evening, Netanyahu said that “trust between me and the minister of defense has cracked.”

1.The presidential office said Monday that President Yoon Suk Yeol will address the South Korean people and hold a press conference on Thursday at 10 a.m. to discuss the future direction of state affairs and address a series of controversies.

2.South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said Tuesday that North Korea fired multiple short-range ballistic missiles into the East Sea, just hours ahead of the U.S. presidential election.

3.Voting to elect the 47th president of the United States began at 2 p.m. Korea time. Though voting schedules vary from state to state, polls generally open between 5 a.m. and 8 a.m., and start closing at around 7 p.m., local time.

1.President Yoon Suk Yeol on Monday called for thorough countermeasures against the “illegal” military cooperation between North Korea and Russia, saying the deepening alliance poses a significant security threat to South Korea.

2.South Korea’s Defense Minister Kim Yong-hyun and his Canadian counterpart, Bill Blair, held talks in Ottawa on Friday and condemned North Korea’s troop deployment to Russia.

3.U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump are heading into election day neck-and-neck in national and state polls. Experts say that the seven swing states will determine who wins in the polls after they close on November 5th.

1.According to Seoul’s foreign ministry on Friday, South Korea's foreign minister Cho Tae-yul met with U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken in Washington the previous day on the sidelines of the “two-plus-two” meeting, and agreed to closely work together to respond to the North Korean troops' possible participation in Russia's war in Ukraine.

2.The Czech antitrust watchdog, the Office for the Protection of Competition, said Thursday it denied complaints from the United States' Westinghouse and France's EDF over the Czech government's decision to pick Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power as a preferred bidder to build two nuclear units.

3.According to data compiled by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy on Friday, South Korea's exports extended on-year gains for the 13th straight month in October, on the back of robust performance of semiconductors. Outbound shipments rose 4-point-6 percent on-year to 57-point-5 billion U.S. dollars last month.

1.South Korea's military said that North Korea fired what appeared to be a new type of solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile toward the East Sea on Thursday, in a move apparently aimed at bolstering Pyongyang's leverage ahead of the U.S. presidential election next week.

2.The Czech Republic's antitrust authority,, on Wednesday imposed a temporary hold on a deal to build two nuclear reactors, for which a South Korean consortium was chosen as the preferred bidder in July.

3. According to data by Statistics Korea on Thursday, South Korea's industrial output fell 0.3 percent from a month earlier in September on dwindling production in the semiconductor. Retail sales, a gauge of private spending, also went down 0.4 percent amid signs of weaker economic growth.

1.President Yoon Suk Yeol said Wednesday that North Korean troops in Russia could be deployed to battlefield zones in Ukraine sooner than expected, describing it as a "grave" situation. Yoon shared the assessment during a phone call with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.

2.The UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women on Tuesday urged the Japanese government to continue its efforts to ensure the rights of victims to claim compensation related to the issue of “comfort women” during Japan’s colonial rule.

3.The education ministry decided Tuesday to allow medical schools the freedom to grant academic leave requested by students, as most medical students have been boycotting classes for months in protest against the increase in the medical school admission quota.