In this episode, I explore Richard Rorty’s chapter “Freud and Moral Reflection,” a reading of Freud that has really stayed with me as I’ve been getting more into Rorty lately. I make it clear that I’m not claiming this is simply the definitive or orthodox way to understand Freud, and that many people in psychoanalysis would likely push back on Rorty’s interpretation, but I do find his perspective deeply suggestive and very alive for thinking about therapy.

Moving through Rorty’s contrast between self-purification and self-enlargement, I reflect on what it might mean to approach the psyche not as a battleground between the noble and the beastly, but as a complex inner world populated by voices, parts, and what Rorty calls "inner peers".

Along the way, I think about how this chapter can help us imagine therapy less as a moral washing and more as a place of curiosity, interpretation, and greater internal hospitality.