Human nature and the possibility of utopia

The idea of utopia - of a perfect society devoid of suffering and inequality - is planted firmly in the human imagination and psyche. From pre-biblical times to Thomas More and communism and beyond, widely disparate groups have attempted to plan or create a utopia.

But is it achievable? And if not, why not?

Join unconventional psychologist Paul Bloom as he makes the case for the impossibility of utopia given certain key features of human nature. We are not meant, he argues, for perfect harmony and equality. Paul Bloom is a researcher of perversion and suffering, so his perspective brings interesting insights on the question.

But what do you think? Can we ever achieve utopia? Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

For the video mentioned in the talk (Woman throws cat into wheelie bin): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYdUZdan5i8

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Why more is less

We're surrounded by choice - an endless sea of possible paths we might take. However, does the overwhelming range of choices leave us better off or worse? In general, we tend to think that more is better, but Barry Schwartz, author of the ground-breaking book 'The Paradox of Choice', argues that this view is mistaken. More can lead us to be psychologically overloaded, unsatisfied, and tyrannised by the burden of choices that present themselves to us.

Barry is an American psychologist and the Dorwin Cartwright Emeritus Professor of Social Theory and Social Action at Swarthmore College. He is author of several famous books including 'Why We Work' and 'The Paradox of Choice'.

Don't hesitate to email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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Our culture prizes logic and rationality, if not above all else, as two of the most fundamental social traits. But are we missing out by overlooking the irrational? Can logic explain everything, or what is it missing? And is it possible to live (and enjoy) a life led by logic?

Logic, in philosophy and beyond, seems to always to be self-evidently right. Join our three eminent panellists as they variously challenge this assumption and expose the holes in logic's seemingly perfect facade. Iain McGilchrist is a philosopher, neuroscientist, and psychiatrist known for his book The Master and His Emissary. Beatrix Campbell is a writer and activist, especially in the field of women's liberation. Simon Blackburn is a philosopher working especially on metaethics and the philosophy of language. Shahidha Bari, a critic and broadcaster, hosts.

Do you agree with the speakers - is irrationality a key element of life? Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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We tend to believe consciousness is purely mental. And since Descartes' "I think therefore I am", we've privileged the mind as the centrepiece of thought and consciousness. But such a view is mistaken argues award-winning neuroscientist Antonio Damasio.

Feelings, long dismissed as secondary to thinking, are where consciousness begins, and are deeply rooted in the body and its physical processes. Join Damasio as he presents a new theory of consciousness and undoes the philosophical separation between mind and body posed by Descartes.

Antonio Damasio is an award-winning neuroscientist known for his pioneering work on emotions, intuitions and the biological origins of consciousness.

He is the author of several books including Descartes' Error and The Strange Order of Things. His most recent book Feeling & Knowing: Making Minds Conscious explores the origin and evolution of consciousness.

And don't hesitate to email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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What can JD Vance's arguments with Pope Francis teach us about selfishness, altruism, and the morality of the modern world?

Join the team at the IAI for four articles about egoism, self-sacrifice, and everything in between, analysing a range of subjects, including: Friedrich Nietzsche and his rivalry with former maestro Arthur Schopenhauer; the 10 Commandments and their relationship to jealousy; why God might be "stupid, indifferent, and evil"; and of course the aforementioned showdown between JD and the Pope.

These articles were written by Slavoj Žižek, Steven D. Hales, Kristján Kristjánsson, and Guy Elgat.

Slavoj Žižek is a Hegelian philosopher, a Lacanian psychoanalyst, and a Communist. He is the author of 'Christian Atheism: How to Be a Real Materialist'. Steven D. Hales is Professor of Philosophy at Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, and author of 'The Myth of Luck: Philosophy, Fate and Fortune'. Kristján Kristjánsson is Professor of Character Education and Virtue Ethics at the University of Birmingham. His work spans topics in moral philosophy, moral psychology, and moral education. He is also the editor of the Journal of Moral Education. Guy Elgat is a lecturer at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. He is the author of 'Nietzsche's Psychology of Ressentiment' and 'Being Guilty: Freedom, Responsibility, and Conscience in German Philosophy from Kant to Heidegger'.

And don't hesitate to email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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The mindful body with Ellen Langer

Can mindfulness be contagious?

Ellen Langer's research certainly seems to suggest that's the case. As Professor of Psychology at Harvard University and the author of 'The Mindful Body', Ellen has racked up decades of experience and numerous awards during her investigations into the impact of mindful living.

In this interview, Ellen discusses the transformative power of mindfulness in our daily lives, exploring how most of us operate mindlessly and therefore miss out on the incredible benefits that mindful practices can bring to our physical and mental health.

Don't hesitate to email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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The good, the bad, and the beautiful

What is beauty? Why are we so drawn to it? And should we be - or is it a distraction?

The philosophy of aesthetics and beauty has a long and fascinating history. Over the millennia, while we mostly agree on the essential nature of this ephemeral thing, "beauty", we disagree on the reasons why it is important, on its very definition, and sometimes if we should value it at all. Join our four diverse speakers - Nietzschean philosopher Babette Babich, mathematician Paul Ernest, Professor of English and World Literatures Ankhi Mukherjee, and journalist and best-selling author Sarah Wilson - as they dive into the notion of beauty and, mostly, defend it from their different perspectives.

What do you think - how important is beauty? Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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Once values such as justice and equality were agreed upon by all. Now they are identified by some as vehicles to entrench or overturn power. On the left, 'justice' as a means to sustain and impose privilege, 'truth' as an attempt to claim enduring authority. On the right, 'diversity' and 'equality' as means to undermine the status quo in favour of a new elite. The danger is apparent to many. Without agreed values, society is increasingly divided. Debate is limited by tribal associations that make discussion hard if not impossible.  

Do we need to re-engage with those whose values and beliefs we reject, while accepting that our own values are not universal? Should we seek to construct a new enlightenment to provide an agreed basis for progress that could apply to all? Or do we just need to reinforce the liberal democratic values of our past?

Dale Turner, Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science and Centre for Indigenous Studies at the University of Toronto, Janne Teller, critically-acclaimed writer of novels, essays and short stories, and Robin van den Akker, Senior Lecturer in the Philosophy of Culture at Erasmus University College Rotterdam, debate the values that govern our lives, and whether they are universal.

Do you think values are universal? Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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The economy is a vital part of the way we understand our lives and our politics more generally. But after years of growth, development, and progress, on the surface everything is rosy. But as Nobel Laureate Angus Deaton argues, behind the big picture many people have been left behind by the modern economy, and this is precisely because of the blindspots of modern economics. Join Deaton as he explores the ways economics needs to take from philosophy. Interviewed by the FT's Gillian Tett.

Sir Angus Deaton is the Senior Scholar and Professor of Economics at the Princeton School of Public Affair and a Nobel prize-winner.

Gillian Tett is an award-winning author, journalist, Provost of King's College Cambridge, and U.S. editor at large at the Financial Times.

Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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The journey in search of the destination

Does life have a purpose? Is that what gives life meaning? Or is it the journey that matters the most?

Join our four speakers - Nietzschean philosopher Babette Babich, clinical psychologist Frank Tallis, existentialist philosopher Jonathan Webber, and linguist philosopher Sandra Laugier - as they explore the different facets of this question. Setting ourselves goals in life seems both inevitable and necessary for the good life, yet achieving them might render living life meaningless. The balance between having a sense of purpose and experiencing things as they come is a hard one to set.

Do you think life must have a purpose? Email us at [email protected] with your thoughts or questions on the episode!

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