The spectacled, or Andean, bear is the only species of bear native to South America. Some 25,000 specimens are believed to still be living in the Andes and its outlying mountain ranges. Conflicts between the bears and humans are especially common in Peru.
The spectacled bear plays a vital role in the Andean ecosystem. It lives mainly on fruit, berries and seeds, so it contributes to the spread of vegetation. As a carnivore it regulates the spread of snails, insects and rodents. The Frankfurt Zoological Society is involved in a project aimed at protecting the bears' habitat and creating inducements to reduce conflicts with humans.