The Heart of the Matter | Galatians 2:15a
There’s no beating around the bush when it comes to the Gospel
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I. Establishing the Context
A. The Context Within the Chapter
B. Verses 15 – 21 Are Transitional (Like a Pie Diagram)
II. Examining Key Concepts
A. Key Words
1. Word nomos (law) – used 0x in 1:1-2:14; 6x 2:15-21; 27x in the rest of the letter
2. The phrase ergon nomos (works of the law) – 0x in 1:1-2:14; 3x in 2:15-21; 3x in the rest of the letter
3. The word pistis (faith) – 1x in 1:1-2:14 (2:7); 3x 2:15-21; 18x in the rest of the letter
4. The word dikaioō (to justify) – 0x in 1:1-2:14; 4x 2:15-21; 4x in the rest of the letter
5. The word dikaiosunē (righteousness) – 0x in 1:1-2:14; 1x 2:15-21; 3x in the rest of the letter
6. The word zaō (to live) – 1x in 1:1-2:14; 5x 2:15-21; 3x in the rest of the letter
B. Key Terms
1. Union with Christ (cf. Galatians 2:19-21)
2. Justification by Faith
a. Penal Substitutionary Atonement (PSA) and Imputation
3. The New Perspective on Paul
a. Overview:
(1) The Reformers were wrong about salvation and over-reacted to Rome
(2) 1st c. Judaism wasn’t legalistic, or works-based – It was based on grace (“covenantal nomism”)
(3) Issue Paul addresses isn’t salvation, per se, but Jewish boundary markers and membership in the church.
(4) As far as salvation, initial justification is by faith, but final justification is by works (at least partially)
(5) One enter the covenant community by grace and stays in by obedience (it’s about who's in, who stays in, and who is finally and forever in at the final judgment)
b. Three Main Proponents of (recent) History
(1) E.P. Sanders (1937-2022)
(2) James D.G. Dunn (1939-2020)
(3) N.T. Wright (born 1948)
c. Critical Assessment and Relevance