In this riveting episode of History Rage, host Paul delves into the gruesome details of executions in early modern Britain with the expert insights of historian Blessin Adams. Covering a wide range of topics from heresy trials to the role of executioners, the discussion provides a unique and unsettling perspective on the historical practices of punishment.

Key Points:

Heresy Trials and Executions:

• John Foxe, a contemporary theologian, collected accounts of heresy trials and executions, particularly in his work known as "Foxe's Book of Martyrs."
• The punishment for heresy was intentionally designed to be horrific due to the perceived severity of the crime.
• Blessin highlights the biases in historical accounts, urging caution in interpreting firsthand narratives.

Burning at the Stake for Heresy:

• The descriptions of heretics burning at the stake often glorify the martyrs, with a balance of horror and strange beauty portrayed by Fox.
• Blessin explores the unintended consequence of encouraging admiration for martyrs, possibly influencing others to face a similar fate.

Petty Traitors and True Crime Presses:

• Execution accounts of petty traitors differ significantly from those of heretics, emphasizing societal disgust and fear towards women who committed violent acts.
• True crime presses in the early modern period sensationalized these executions for entertainment and profit.

Execution Methods:

• Blessin discusses the absence of professional executioners like Pierpoint and Marwood in the early modern period.
• Hangings were a common method, and Blessin describes the disturbing scene of multiple hangings at the Tyburn tree.

Attempts to Hasten Executions:

• The discussion touches on historical attempts to hasten death using substances like tar pitch on the condemned's clothes.
• William Blackstone's argument that women were burned to maintain modesty due to concerns about nudity is explored.

Modesty and Execution Practices:

• Blessin shares insights into the strange dichotomy of modesty in executions, citing instances of women being buried alive to maintain decency.
• The discussion also addresses the myth of the executioner's mask.

Witnessing Executions:

• Blessin sheds light on the role of prison ordinaries who had unique access to condemned individuals and provided firsthand accounts of executions.
• The fascination with executions extended to public interest in final speeches and confessions, leading to a profitable market for printed accounts.

The Harsh Reality of Hangings:

• Blessin explores the brutal aspects of hangings, including family members attempting to expedite the deaths of their loved ones and the hangman's involvement.

Connect with Blessin Adams:

• Website
• Twitter: @adams_blessin
• Great and Horrible News: Murder and Mayhem in Early Modern Britain [History Rage Bookshop]

Support History Rage on Patreon:

• Patreon

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**EXPLICIT LANGUAGE WARNING**

In this captivating episode, Charlotte White explores the tumultuous life of Barbara Villiers, a woman who wielded unparalleled influence at the heart of Charles II's court. From her strategic manoeuvres in politics to her controversial love affair with the king, Barbara's story is one of power, passion, and scandal.

Key Points:

1. Introduction to Barbara Villiers:

• Mother of five children with Charles II.
• Intricate details of her relationships and influence.

1. Barbara vs. Clarendon and Stewart:

• Barbara's role in removing key figures like the Earl of Clarendon and Francis Stewart.
• Insights into Charles II's obsession with Francis Stewart.

1. Barbara's Relationship with Charles II:

• Charles's infatuation and Barbara's tantrums.
• Complications arising from Charles's pursuit of a 15-year-old Frances Stewart.

1. Barbara's Political Manoeuvres:

• Her involvement in politics and influence over Charles's ministers.
• The Carbel and Buckingham's ambitions.

1. The Artistic and Cultural Legacy of Barbara:

• Barbara as a pin-up girl and her influence on art.
• Support for playwright John Dryden and promotion of the arts.

Long-Term Consequences:

1. Legacy in Royal Lineage:

• Prince William as a descendant of Charles II and Barbara Villiers.
• The intricate family tree and the long-term impact on the monarchy.

1. Comparison with Nell Gwyn:

• Nell's enduring popularity compared to Barbara.
• Barbara's controversial actions and her portrayal in history.

1. Barbara: The Uncrowned Queen:

• Barbara's power surpassing the Queen's.
• Controversial incidents, such as hanging her underwear in the privy gardens.

1. Historical Challenges in Portraying Barbara:

• Struggles in writing a biography of Barbara Villiers.
• The complexity of interpreting her actions in modern terms.

Conclusion:

• Encouragement to delve into Barbara Villiers' life and legacy.
• The richness and wildness of Barbara's story, often overlooked in history.

Guest Information:

• Charlotte's book recommendation: "Kings and Queens" by Ian Dale.
• Follow Charlotte on Twitter and Instagram: @restorationcake.

You can see the painting Paul and Charlotte talk about here:

You can follow History Rage on Twitter @HistoryRage or Paul individually @PaulBavill and let us know what you wish people would just stop believing using the Hashtag #HistoryRage.

You can join our 'Angry Mob' on Patreon as well. £5 per month gets you episodes 3 months early, the invite to choose questions, entry into our prize draws and the coveted History Rage mug. Subscribe at www.patreon.com/historyrage

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The Series 12 trailer is here. Starting on 20th May on General Release we'll be bringing you Authors Blessin Adams, Calder Walton, Jim Leary, David Kenyon, Helena Kelly and Guy Walters, Podcasters Charlotte White, Jackson van Uden and Penny Griffiths Morgan and from Academia WW1 Aviation Historian Michael Terry.

Support the show

You can follow History Rage on Twitter @HistoryRage and let us know what you wish people would just stop believing using the Hashtag #HistoryRage.

You can join our 'Angry Mob' on Patreon as well. £5 per month gets you episodes 3 months early, the invite to choose questions, entry into our prize draws and the coveted History Rage mug. Subscribe at www.patreon.com/historyrage

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In this episode of the History Rage Podcast, host Paul Bavill interviews Richard Duckett, author of "The Special Operations Executive in Burma." The discussion delves into the lesser-known aspects of the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in the Far East during World War II.

Key Points:

Diversity of Operations: Richard sheds light on SOE's operations in Burma, covering a diverse range of ethnic groups involved, including Chinese, Kachin, Karen, and more. The narrative dispels the misconception that all factions in Burma sided with the Japanese.

Survival Stories: The conversation explores epic stories of survival by British prisoners of war (POWs) in Japanese camps. Richard highlights the brutalities faced by British agents, emphasizing the risks and challenges unique to the Far East theatre.

Major Hugh Seagram: Richard recounts the heroic actions of Major Hugh Seagram, who surrendered to the Japanese to halt atrocities against the Karen people. The narrative extends to individuals like Saw Polar, a lieutenant with a remarkable escape and survival story.

Operations Dilwin and Billet: Richard unveils significant SOE operations like Dilwin, a prolonged venture in Kachin territory, and Billet, focused on the Burma Independence Army. These operations contributed significantly to intelligence gathering and securing the Burmese resistance.

Challenges in the Far East: The discussion explores the unique challenges faced by SOE in the Far East, including adapting to diverse ethnic groups, navigating the complex colonial context, and overcoming logistical hurdles in the vast and challenging environment.

Collaboration with OSS: Richard shares insights into the collaboration between SOE and the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), highlighting the forging of relationships that laid the foundation for future cooperation between British and American special forces.

Resistance Movements: The episode touches upon the various resistance movements in Burma, encompassing Burmese nationalists, communists, and smaller ethnic groups. The complexities of these movements and their alliances are discussed in the context of the broader wartime narrative.

Please subscribe to the History Rage Podcast on your favourite platform and consider supporting us on Patreon to get early access to episodes and exclusive perks. Join the conversation on Twitter

You can buy Richard’s book “SOE in Burma” at Amazon and you can follow Richard on Twitter @richard_duckett

You can follow History Rage on Twitter @HistoryRage or Paul individually @PaulBavill and let us know what you wish people would just stop believing using the Hashtag #HistoryRage.

You can join our 'Angry Mob' on Patreon as well. £5 per month gets you episodes 3 months early, the invite to choose questions, entry into our prize draws and the coveted History Rage mug. Subscribe at www.patreon.com/historyrage

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In this enlightening podcast episode, historian James Crossland takes us on a journey through the tumultuous era of the late 19th century, exploring the rise of modern terrorism and its profound impact on history. James delves into his book, "Rise of Devils," uncovering the fears, conspiracy theories, and media sensationalism that fuelled the first war on terror.

Episode Highlights:

Conspiracy Theories and Fear:

James explores the pervasive conspiracy theories of the time, involving secret societies and diabolical plots.

The influence of media sensationalism on public perception and the police response.

Birth of Counterterrorism:

The formation of Special Branch in 1883 as Britain's first counterterrorist organization during the Dynamite War.

The lack of international cooperation before the 1898 Rome Anti Terrorism Congress and the subsequent developments.

International Terrorism Cooperation:

The 1898 Rome Anti Terrorism Congress marks a turning point in international cooperation against terrorism.

Initiatives like mugshots, intelligence exchange, and anti-immigration laws emerge from the congress.

Media's Role and Legacy:

James reflects on the media's sensationalism, spreading fake news and creating fear disproportionate to the actual threat.

Drawing parallels between historical media tactics and contemporary fear-inducing strategies.

Terrorism's Decline and World War I:

Factors contributing to the decline of the first wave of terrorism, including internal debates among anarchists.

The impact of World War I in shifting global attention and redirecting the focus from terrorism.

Legacy and Lessons for Today:

Examining historical counterterrorism approaches, highlighting the ineffective blanket policing strategies.

The effectiveness of infiltration and the importance of media responsibility in reporting on terrorism.

Conclusion:

James provides a captivating exploration of the roots of modern terrorism, shedding light on the societal fears, media manipulation, and counterterrorism measures that shaped the late 19th century. The episode draws intriguing parallels to contemporary issues, inviting reflection on historical lessons and their relevance in today's world.

Please subscribe to the History Rage Podcast on your favorite platform and consider supporting us on Patreon to get early access to episodes and exclusive perks. Join the conversation on Twitter

You can buy James’ book “The Rise of the Devils” at the History Rage Bookshop and you can follow James on Twitter @DrJCrossland

You can follow History Rage on Twitter @HistoryRage or Paul individually @PaulBavill and let us know what you wish people would just stop believing using the Hashtag #HistoryRage.

You can join our 'Angry Mob' on Patreon as well. £5 per month gets you episodes 3 months early, the invite to choose questions, entry into our prize draws and the coveted History Rage mug. Subscribe at www.patreon.com/historyrage

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In this insightful interview, Colonel David Grebstad, a seasoned artillery officer, offers a captivating exploration into the often overlooked world of artillery in military history. David sheds light on the intricate processes involved in artillery barrages, dispelling misconceptions and emphasizing the critical role of artillery throughout history.

Key Points:

Artillery Beyond the Bang:

David delves into the meticulous preparation and execution required for effective artillery barrages. Contrary to popular belief, he highlights the intelligence, talent, and mathematical precision involved in positioning guns for sustained and accurate fire.

The Gunner's Drill:

The discussion covers the arduous tasks undertaken by gunners and gun crews, especially during World War I and II. From digging gunpits and stacking ammunition to the constant adjustments in elevation and bearing, David paints a vivid picture of the demanding and often overlooked work that occurs behind the scenes.

Rate of Fire and Evolution:

The conversation transitions to the evolution of artillery, tracing its roots from medieval cannons to modern precision-guided munitions. David emphasizes the importance of rate of fire, citing the revolutionary impact of the French 75mm Cannons in the 19th century, which introduced a built-in recoil system, paving the way for increased firing speed.

Historical Gaps and Learning from the Past:

David addresses the lack of coverage on artillery in historical narratives, asserting that a deeper understanding is crucial for comprehending past battles. He highlights the recurring pattern of forgetting crucial lessons, citing examples from World War I to the present conflicts in Ukraine, where ammunition shortages mirror historical challenges.

Impact on Warfare Strategies:

The interview explores how the lack of coverage on artillery has impacted our understanding of historical battles and modern warfare strategies. David argues that a comprehensive grasp of artillery's role is essential for a more nuanced understanding of military history.

Recent Efforts and Initiatives:

The conversation concludes with a discussion on recent initiatives addressing the lack of coverage on artillery. David shares insights from his book, "Iron Indignation," aimed at providing a holistic view of artillery operations. Additionally, he mentions works by Major General JBA Bailey and highlights the growing recognition of artillery's significance in recent conflicts.

Conclusion:

David David's passion for unveiling the untold story of artillery adds a valuable layer to our understanding of military history. Through detailed anecdotes and historical analysis, he underscores the critical role artillery plays in shaping the outcomes of battles, urging us to appreciate the often-hidden complexities behind the powerful bang of the guns.

Connect with David on Twitter: @DavidGrebstad

Support History Rage:

Follow on Twitter: @historyrage

Individual accounts: @PaulBavill

Support on Patreon: patreon.com/historyrage

Don't forget to leave reviews on Apple Podcasts, Podchaser, or Amazon.

Stay Angry, Stay Informed - History Rage

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In this episode of History Rage, we interview Ian Pegg, a military historian, shedding light on the often overlooked role of army chaplains during World War II. The discussion delves into their multifaceted responsibilities, ranging from spiritual guidance to acts of immense bravery on the front lines. The episode uncovers the challenges, personal sacrifices, and areas of courage chaplains faced during the war, emphasizing their integral but understated role in military history.

Background on Chaplains in WWII:

Chaplains played a pivotal role in WWII, initially tasked with spiritual well-being but adapting to various roles due to limited battlefield training.

Their responsibilities included organizing religious services, pastoral care, entertainment, and even educational activities in POW camps.

Chaplains Boosting Morale:

Specific instances highlight the impact of chaplains on morale, such as Reverend James Quinn at Dunkirk and Reverend Wiles in North Africa, running a NAAFI truck for troops.

Counsellors and Advisors:

Chaplains served as counsellors and advisors, offering guidance to officers and privates alike, addressing moral and spiritual dilemmas soldiers faced.

Personal Sacrifices and Recognition:

The interview explores the personal sacrifices chaplains made, leaving their comfortable lives for the challenges of war.

Recognition and awards for chaplains included one Victoria Cross awarded to Canadian Army Chaplain John Weir Foote for his heroic actions during Operation Jubilee Dieppe raid.

Contributions of Chaplains in WWII:

Ian emphasizes the need to recognize chaplains' contributions in all conflicts, not just WWII, and highlights the Royal Army Chaplains Museum as a valuable resource.

Preserving Their Legacy:

The interview concludes with a discussion on preserving the legacy of chaplains, urging continued recognition of their role in various conflicts.

Closing Thoughts:

The host expresses gratitude for Ian's enlightening insights and encourages listeners to anticipate Ian's upcoming book, "Death and Heroes: Army Chaplains in World War II."

Connect with Ian Pegg:

Twitter: @cluelesspeg

Buy the Book: "Death and Heroes: Army Chaplains in World War II."

Support History Rage:

Follow on Twitter: @historyrage

Individual accounts: @PaulBavill and @KyleGHistory

Support on Patreon: patreon.com/historyrage

Don't forget to leave reviews on Apple Podcasts, Podchaser, or Amazon.

Stay Angry, Stay Informed - History Rage

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Venture back to the dawn of empire in this riveting episode of History Rage, where host Paul Bavill is joined by the erudite and impassioned Professor Nandini Das. With her award-winning expertise in early modern English literature and culture, Professor Das delivers a masterclass on the misconceptions of the British Empire and its precarious beginnings in Mughal India.

The Rage Unveiled:

- Professor Das dismantles the myth of a predestined British Empire, revealing its early days as a scrambling startup amidst the opulence of the Mughal courts.

- The astonishing reality of 17th-century England, grappling with internal strife, financial woes, and a desperate search for new markets.

Empire's Uncertain Dawn:

- The East India Company's struggle for survival, navigating the treacherous waters of high-risk investment, Portuguese competition, and internal discord.

- How the company's uncertain future was shaped by the intricate power plays of Mughal emperors, savvy empresses, and the shrewd local rulers of India.

Cultural Clashes and Conquests:

- The overlooked influence of India's rich tapestry of kingdoms and cultures in shaping the trajectory of British expansion.

- The pivotal role of Indian agency in the face of colonial ambition, and the power dynamics that defied the colonial narrative.

Rethinking the Roots of Empire:

- Professor Das urges us to reconsider the origins of the British Empire, challenging the idea of its inevitable success and cultural superiority.

- A call to question the deep-seated assumptions about India that have persisted for centuries, rooted in the insecurities of early English adventurers.

Join us as Professor Das passionately unravels the tangled beginnings of the British presence in India, offering a fresh perspective on the complex interplay of culture, power, and empire. To delve deeper into this rich history, grab a copy of her illuminating book, "Courting India: England, Mughal India, and the Origins of Empire," available through the History Rage bookshop.

For more fascinating insights and to join the conversation, follow Professor Das on Twitter @rentravailer. And don't forget to support the rage that fuels our historical curiosity at patreon.com/historyrage for exclusive perks and the coveted History Rage mug.

Stay informed, stay passionate, and let the rage for truth in history rage on!

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Step into the labyrinth of Gloucester's past with History Rage's latest live special from the heart of the Gloucester History Festival at Blackfriars Priory. Join host Paul Bavill as he unravels the city's rich tapestry with historian Phil Moss and archaeologist Andrew Armstrong, co-authors of "Gloucester: Recreating the Past."

Unearthing Gloucester's Foundations

- Phil and Andrew share their unique journey from illustrating ancient structures to piecing together Gloucester's storied landscape.

- Dive into the Roman roots of Gloucester and its transformation from imperial outpost to a city steeped in English history.

Tunnel Vision

- The duo debunks the persistent myth of Gloucester's secret underground tunnels, revealing the truth behind these urban legends.

- Discover why these tales persist and how they become intertwined with the city's identity, despite the lack of historical evidence.

Local History, National Impact

- A passionate defense of local history's importance, showcasing how Gloucester's local events have shaped national narratives.

- From the Siege of Gloucester's pivotal role in the English Civil War to Athelflaed's strategic use of the city to reclaim England from the Danes.

Historical Misconceptions

- The episode tackles the enduring myths surrounding Lady Jane Grey's proclamation and Bishop John Hooper's fateful lodgings.

- Listen as Phil and Andrew dissect how such stories take root and the challenge of correcting the historical record.

Digging Deeper

- Insights into the primary sources that illuminate Gloucester's history and their accessibility to researchers and the public.

- Andrew, as a curatorial archaeologist, emphasizes the untapped potential lying beneath Gloucester's streets, awaiting discovery.

Why Gloucester Matters

- The speakers make a compelling case for visiting the Gloucester History Festival and exploring the city's museums and historic docks.

- Gloucester is presented as a microcosm of England's past, a place where the local and global intersect to tell a broader story.

Join us for a session that digs past the surface to expose the foundations of Gloucester's history, challenging misconceptions and celebrating the city's significance.

To connect with the minds behind the myths, follow Phil and Andrew on Twitter and grab a copy of their visually rich book. For more episodes that excavate the rage-worthy tales of history, follow @historyrage and become part of our passionate community at patreon.com/historyrage.

Remember, beneath every stone lies a story, and in Gloucester, the stones speak volumes. Stay curious, and keep the rage for history alive!

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**LANGUAGE WARNING** This gets blue... or bleu

Unleash the fury of the past in this live special of History Rage, broadcast from the enchanting Blackfriars Priory at the Gloucester History Festival. Host Paul Bavill is joined by the fiercely passionate Tudor historian, Dr. Estelle Paranque, as they delve into the untold life of Anne Boleyn, far beyond her infamous role as Henry VIII's doomed queen.

The Anne Boleyn You Never Knew:

- Dr. Paranque shatters the image of Anne Boleyn as merely Henry's wife, revealing her as an independent, fiery individual with a rich life before and beyond the king.

- The significance of Boleyn's seven transformative years at the French court and her exposure to the powerful women who shaped her ambitions.

The French Influence:

- How Anne's time in France sculpted her cultural interests and political acumen, setting the stage for her eventual rise to Queen of England.

- The complex dance of diplomacy and betrayal as French support for Anne wavered in the face of her eventual downfall.

A Miscarriage of Justice:

- A heart-wrenching recount of Anne Boleyn's trial, the absurd allegations against her, and her stoic defense of the innocent men caught in the king's wrath.

- Dr. Paranque's emotional journey through the archives, uncovering the humanity and resilience of a queen too often reduced to a mere footnote in Henry's reign.

Join us as Dr. Paranque fervently advocates for a re-examination of Anne Boleyn's life, urging us to see the queen for her own merits, not just as an appendage to a tyrannical king. To dive deeper into Tudor history, grab Dr. Paranque's latest book, "Thorns, Lust, and Glory," releasing on May 2nd, and follow her on Twitter @DrEstellePrnq for more insights.

And remember, History Rage fans, to stay connected for more fiery historical revelations. Support us on Patreon for early episode access, prize draws, and your very own History Rage mug. Stay angry, and see you at the next live event!

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