Inguinal hernias are an important differential for hydrocoeles in baby boys - but don't be fooled, they do less commonly occur in girls too. They are caused by a persistent processus vaginalis, which usually closes in the 28th week of gestation once the testes have gone through in boys. Every patient with an inguinal hernia requires review by a paediatric surgeon as management is operative - either to correct a strangulated hernia if it's picked up late, or to prevent a strangulated hernia.

You don't want to miss:

• How to explain this condition to a family
• Pathophysiology of inguinal hernias
• Important examination findings
• Management
• Complications

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(This isn't individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)