Special thanks to Survivors Piita Irniq and Abraham Anghik Ruben. Survivor testimony for this episode provided by the Legacy of Hope Foundation. Additional resources include University of Regina’s Shattering Silence and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s final report, Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future.

Thanks to our consultant, Inuit writer, researcher, and scholar Norma Dunning.

Illustrations by Halie Finney.

Additional reading:

• Truth and Reconciliation Commission Reports
• Final Report: National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls
• Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples