This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Theologians" which can be found in Collected Fictions.

It centers on a (perhaps one-way) rivalry between two Christian theologians, Aurelian and John of Pannonia, in a time when the Christian church is struggling with a number of heresies, some opposed to each other. John and Aurelian both produce refutations of one heresy, and then when Aurelian uses a passage from John's earlier refutation in a new refutation of a different heresy, John is condemned as a heretic. In the end, Borges suggests, there might not be any real difference between the two men

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