What do bread blessings, hilltop fairs, and a Celtic god of light have in common? In this video, I explore the real history of Lammas and Lughnasadh, the first harvest festival in the Pagan Wheel of the Year. Drawing on peer-reviewed scholarship and historical sources, I trace the festival’s roots in ancient Celtic rites, its Christian transformation into Loaf Mass, and its creative revival in modern Paganism. Join me as I unpack the myths, magic, and meanings behind this rich seasonal tradition.

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REFERENCES 📚

Danaher, K. (1972). The year in Ireland: Irish calendar customs. Cork: Mercier Press.

Hobsbawm, E., & Ranger, T. (Eds.). (1983). The invention of tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hutton, R. (1996). The stations of the sun: A history of the ritual year in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

MacNeill, M. (1962). The festival of Lughnasa: A study of the survival of the Celtic festival of the beginning of harvest. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ó hÓgáin, D. (2002). The Celts: A history. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.

Pearson, J. (2007). Wicca and the Christian heritage: Ritual, sex and magic. London: Routledge.

York, M. (2003). Pagan theology: Paganism as a world religion. New York: NYU Press.

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