In 1942, the United States, still reeling from the Japanese surprise attack on our naval fleet at Pearl Harbor, needed to show Japan that they were not invincible. Jimmy Doolittle led a fleet of 16 bombers on a successful raid over Tokyo- 13 of those crews managed to crash land safely in China -but a handful of American pilot were captured and kept in Japanese prisons where they were starved and tortured.. The US authorities believed they were all dead. After the fall of Japan in 1945, the American Secret Service was amazed to find 4 survivors from the 1942 Doolittle Raid being held in a remote Japanese prison. When the war trials began- an unexpected courtroom drama took place as the American prosecution and the defense tore into each other- forever raising the question of why a civilized society needs to defend a barbaric aggressor at all. Our conversation with LAST MISSION TO TOKYO author Michele Paradis will shed light on answers to questions that need to be asked and answered.

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