This podcast episode of Master USMLE focuses on fibrotic strictures in Crohn’s disease, a high-yield topic for the exam. The episode walks through the pathogenesis, emphasizing how chronic transmural inflammation leads to fibrosis and luminal narrowing, causing small bowel obstruction (SBO). It highlights key risk factors, including smoking, early-onset disease, and severe inflammation.
The discussion includes the clinical presentation, where patients initially experience intermittent crampy RLQ painthat later progresses to severe, diffuse abdominal pain with bilious vomiting and obstipation. The episode also covers diagnostic findings, such as the "string sign" on imaging and endoscopic evidence of strictures without active inflammation.
A key comparison is made between fibrotic strictures and adhesions, emphasizing that strictures occur internally due to Crohn’s disease, while adhesions form externally after surgery. Management strategies are detailed, explaining that medical therapy can prevent further strictures but cannot reverse fibrosis, and that severe cases require surgical intervention, such as strictureplasty or bowel resection.
The episode provides exam-focused takeaways, reinforcing the most testable concepts to help students master this important complication of Crohn’s disease.